World Journal of AIDS最新文献_第2页

The Global HIV Archive: Facilitating the Transition from Science to Practice of Efficacious HIV Prevention Interventions. 全球艾滋病毒档案:促进从科学到有效的艾滋病毒预防干预实践的过渡。

World Journal of AIDS Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI: 10.4236/wja.2013.31007

Josefina J Card, Emily N Newman, Rachel E Golden, Tamara Kuhn, Carmela Lomonaco

引用次数: 2

Topological and Historical Considerations for Infectious Disease Transmission among Injecting Drug Users in Bushwick, Brooklyn (USA). 美国布鲁克林布什威克注射吸毒者传染病传播的地形和历史因素。

World Journal of AIDS Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI: 10.4236/wja.2013.31001

Kirk Dombrowski, Richard Curtis, Samuel Friedman, Bilal Khan

{"title":"Topological and Historical Considerations for Infectious Disease Transmission among Injecting Drug Users in Bushwick, Brooklyn (USA).","authors":"Kirk Dombrowski, Richard Curtis, Samuel Friedman, Bilal Khan","doi":"10.4236/wja.2013.31001","DOIUrl":"10.4236/wja.2013.31001","url":null,"abstract":"Recent interest by physicists in social networks and disease transmission factors has prompted debate over the topology of degree distributions in sexual networks. Social network researchers have been critical of \"scale-free\" Barabasi-Albert approaches, and largely rejected the preferential attachment, \"rich-get-richer\" assumptions that underlie that model. Instead, research on sexual networks has pointed to the importance of homophily and local sexual norms in dictating degree distributions, and thus disease transmission thresholds. Injecting Drug User (IDU) network topologies may differ from the emerging models of sexual networks, however. Degree distribution analysis of a Brooklyn, NY, IDU network indicates a different topology than the spanning tree configurations discussed for sexual networks, instead featuring comparatively short cycles and high concurrency. Our findings suggest that IDU networks do in some ways conform to a \"scale-free\" topology, and thus may represent \"reservoirs\" of potential infection despite seemingly low transmission thresholds.","PeriodicalId":23815,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of AIDS","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3963185/pdf/nihms-562377.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32211027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depression and its Relationship to Work Status and Income Among HIV Clients in Uganda. 乌干达艾滋病毒感染者抑郁及其与工作状况和收入的关系

World Journal of AIDS Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/wja.2012.23018

Glenn J Wagner, Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar, Akena Dickens, Noeline Nakasujja, Elialilia Okello, Emmanuel Luyirika, Seggane Musisi

{"title":"Depression and its Relationship to Work Status and Income Among HIV Clients in Uganda.","authors":"Glenn J Wagner, Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar, Akena Dickens, Noeline Nakasujja, Elialilia Okello, Emmanuel Luyirika, Seggane Musisi","doi":"10.4236/wja.2012.23018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wja.2012.23018","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Despite high levels of depression among persons living with HIV (PLWHIV), little research has investigated the relationship of depression to work status and income in PLWHIV in sub-Saharan Africa, which was the focus of this analysis.Methods: Baseline data from a prospective longitudinal cohort of 798 HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy in Kampala, Uganda were examined. In separate multivariate analyses, we examined whether depressive severity and symptom type [as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)] and major depression [diagnosed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)] were associated with work status and income, controlling for demographics, physical health functioning, work self-efficacy, social support and internalized HIV stigma.Results: 14% of the sample had Major Depression and 66% were currently working. Each measure of depression (PHQ-9 total score, somatic and cognitive subscales; Major Depression diagnosis) was associated with not working and lower average weekly income in bivariate analysis. However, none of the depression measures remained associated with work and income in multivariate analyses that controlled for other variables associated with these economic outcomes.Conclusions: These findings suggest that while depression is related to work and income, its influence may only be indirect through its relationship to other factors such as work self-efficacy and physical health functioning.","PeriodicalId":23815,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of AIDS","volume":"2 3","pages":"126-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3957320/pdf/nihms-561930.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32195798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

The Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Neuropsychological Performance Tests in HIV-Infected Individuals: A Study of the Hawaii Aging with HIV Cohort. 抑郁症状对HIV感染者神经心理表现测试的影响：夏威夷老年HIV队列研究

World Journal of AIDS Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.4236/wja.2011.14020

Sheri M Shimizu, Dominic C Chow, Victor Valcour, Kamal Masaki, Beau Nakamoto, Kalpana J Kallianpur, Cecilia Shikuma

{"title":"The Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Neuropsychological Performance Tests in HIV-Infected Individuals: A Study of the Hawaii Aging with HIV Cohort.","authors":"Sheri M Shimizu, Dominic C Chow, Victor Valcour, Kamal Masaki, Beau Nakamoto, Kalpana J Kallianpur, Cecilia Shikuma","doi":"10.4236/wja.2011.14020","DOIUrl":"10.4236/wja.2011.14020","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The frequency of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals remains high despite the availability of potent antiretroviral therapy (ART). The concurrence of depression among HIV-infected patients with NCI is common, especially among older individuals. Depression has been implicated as a risk factor for impaired neuropsychological performance (NP). This study explored the relationship between depressive symptoms and NP testing in HIV-infected individuals. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed within the Hawaii Aging with HIV Cohort, a large prospective study of cognition of older (50 or more years old) compared to younger (20 to 39 years old) HIV-infected individuals. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty-five HIV infected participants (157 older and 128 younger) were administered a battery of NP tests to measure performance in major cognitive domains. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The rates of depressive symptoms and neuropsychological impairment were similar in older and younger groups. Multivariate analyses revealed depressive symptoms were associated with NP test impairment in the younger group. In the older group, depressive symptoms were not associated with NP. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that depressive symptoms are associated with NP test impairment in younger HIV-infected individuals, but not in older individuals.","PeriodicalId":23815,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of AIDS","volume":"1 4","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3467015/pdf/nihms348939.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30972790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0