IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium最新文献

{"title":"The use of the SHOALS waveforms to mapping habitat within the seamless benthoscape","authors":"A. Collin, B. Long, P. Archambault","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779202","url":null,"abstract":"The Scanning Hydrographic Operational Airborne LiDAR Survey (SHOALS) consists of an ubiquitous topographic and bathymetric LiDAR system which provides high resolution measurements of emerged and immersed elevation. Besides, the return signals, i.e., waveforms, contain signatures of the benthic return for subtidal area and of the salt marsh cover for intertidal zone. This paper highlights the seamless classification of the coast from the upper marsh to the near-shore. The subtidal seafloor is characterized in applying a supervised classifier to 12 SHOALS-derived benthic variables, supporting by underwater image classification (78.6 %). The intertidal marsh is classified in respect to the combination of a synthetic Vegetation indice (based on Red and InfraRed) and the elevation (95.2 %). The merge of both classifications points out 16 classes with an overall accuracy of 86.9 %.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124501244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Good Spectral Vegetation Backgrounds in the VNIR","authors":"J. E. Kester","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779466","url":null,"abstract":"It has been said that one person's signal is another person's noise, or alternatively, one engineer's ground clutter is another engineer's object of interest. Vegetation observed with spectral imagers can be regarded either way. Some users of spectral data (multispectral or hyperspectral) want to study the plants in the pixels, and others want to use characteristics of the plants to move them out of the way of more interesting things. This is a difficult problem in either case in that vegetation is not time-static (spectral reflectance changes with seasons) and vegetation in general has smaller spatial scale than spectral data sets do. One approach is to model the reflectance or other properties of plants at pixel scale, using various observed data and mathematical models to span both wavelength and spatial dimension. Data collection at the leaf/branch level is known to be costly in labor, travel, and equipment and fraught with pitfalls for the field operator. Models for scaling up from plant data to larger spatial dimensions also have assumptions and built-in limitations. One big problem is to identify and avoid sources of error and variance which can cause a collection's data to be suspect. Remotely-sensed spectral data have been around for decades, and research on uses of these data continues even as commercial and government agencies use multispectral and hyperspectral sets to identify species cover in forests, monitor the health of crops, seek mineral deposits, track pollution, and monitor the condition of roadways. Those who use spectral images get the data from sources like LANDSAT, ASTER, and SPOT, or newer systems such as AVIRIS, MODIS, and HYPERION. The technical challenge is to aggregate, upward, the knowledge collected at the leaf level, to enable people to make inferences at the pixel level. I will discuss some of these published efforts in more detail. There are several issues at each level in this aggregation, including calibration, drift, illumination, and sample integrity. In measuring leaf reflectance, there are several protocols dependent on the measuring equipment. The instrument also needs to be calibrated and controlled for drift. Deterioration of the sample being measured will occur. Illumination, if solar, will vary as measurements proceed. The same issues occur in the greenhouse/laboratory setting. We will explore several of these sources of non- representative spectra. Researchers are attempting to bridge the gap from leaf to pixel using canopy reflectance models. A few widely accepted models are SAILH and PROSPECT, and their variants. (Canopy models are also used for estimating biometric properties over large areas).","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124062905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EC-GLRT: Detecting Weak Plumes in Non-Gaussian Hyperspectral Clutter Using an Elliptically-Contoured Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test","authors":"J. Theiler, B. Foy","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4778833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4778833","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the behavior of a detector for weak gaseous plumes in hyperspectral imagery that can be derived in terms of a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) applied to an elliptically-contoured (EC) model for the distribution of background clutter. Two limiting cases of this EC-GLRT detector are the adaptive matched filter (AMF) and the adaptive coherence estimator (ACE). While the general EC-GLRT detector does not share the specific optimality or invariance properties exhibited by these limiting cases, it provides an in-between model that can be competitive with both of them over a broad range of scenarios.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124223986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Performance Investigation of Digital Beamforming on Synthetic Aperture Radar","authors":"Junghyo Kim, M. Younis, W. Wiesbeck","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4780056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4780056","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the experimental results of a Digital Beam Forming (DBF) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) performance on the purpose of the High-Resolution Wide-Swath (HRWS) SAR concept. A ground-based SAR system successfully demonstrated the DBF SAR operation. The demonstrator acquired SAR raw data with very dense spatial sampling rate in order to obtain various sampling rates. We evaluate DBF performance with respect to the image quality factor with two different types of the beam former, a fixed-beam former and an adaptive beam former. The results show that an adaptive DBF algorithm offers a wide range of the selection of the pulse repetition frequency (PRF). In addition we evaluate the noise performance compared to a reference mono-static SAR system on the same condition on single target experiment.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126258386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating and Managing Data From Multiple A-Train Sensors","authors":"A. Savtchenko, S. Kempler, R. Kummerer, Peter Smith, G. Leptoukh","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779674","url":null,"abstract":"The immense potential for new science findings as a result of inter-instrument data analysis has led to the development of a new data portal at GSFC: the A-Train Data Depot (ATDD). The power and utility of this new service to the research community is amplified immensely when the archived data are used in conjunction with online data analysis services like Giovanni. This presentation details some of the challenges of data usage from multiple distinct missions and how the tool sets we have developed can help to overcome these challenges, considerably cut down on analysis overhead and promote science exploration in an otherwise very challenging arena.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126370071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time UAV Ortho Video Generation","authors":"Daiyong Wei, Guoqing Zhou","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4780141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4780141","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, many civil users have been interested in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for a verity of different applications, such as quick response to time-critical event, traffic monitoring and traffic data collection because they have the ability to cover a large area, focus resources on the current problems, travel at higher speeds than ground vehicles, and are not restricted to traveling on the road network. All of these applications require a real-time orthorectification of the image flow acquired by UAV. This paper presents a method for real-time UAV orthovideo generation. The major contributions in this paper contain, video image matching to find tie points for merging dynamic, narrow field-of-view aerial video into a mosaic orthoimage, and a simple and fast algorithm for orthoimage. Finally, a real-time mosaic algorithm was developed.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126417056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between the Kalman and the Non-Linear Least-Squares Estimators in Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio Lidar Inversion","authors":"F. Rocadenbosch, M. Sicard, A. Comerón, M. N. Reba","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779542","url":null,"abstract":"This works departs from previously published results of the authors and focus on joint estimation and time evolution of the atmospheric backscatter profile and a range-independent lidar ratio by means of 1) adaptive extended Kalman filtering (EKF) and 2) non-linear least-squares (NLSQ), under moderate-to-low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR<100 at the starting sounding range). A Rayleigh/Mie atmosphere and a calibrated lidar system are considered. Performance parameters studied are data sufficiency, tracking of the optical parameter time fluctuations, inversion errors, power estimation, and noise impact. The EKF inversion solution is, in turn, compared with Klett's method as a reference. Finally, it is shown that the EKF outweighs the NSLQ in noisy environments.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126449389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable Multifunction Dense Radar Network","authors":"A. Hopf, E. Knapp, D. McLaughlin","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779898","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses an approach to evaluating network topologies of scalable, low power, solid-state phased array radars that improve the coverage of the lower troposphere (<3 km), which is absent in coverage available with current weather sensing networks.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126457468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation Study on the Optimal Conditions for Shallow Water Bathymetry Observation by SAR","authors":"Kaiguo Fan, Weigen Huang, B. Fu, M. He","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4778893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4778893","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analytical expression derived from the high frequency ocean spectrum balance equation but not surface wave action balance equation, continuity equation and the first order Bragg backscattering theory, a simulating model for the shallow water bathymetry SAR relative normalized radar backscattering cross-section has been developed. The relationship between SAR relative normalized radar backscattering cross-section and currents, winds, wave length, incidence angle and the polarization has been simulated and the optimal conditions for shallow water bathymetry by SAR was also analyzed, the conclusion was given in the last section. Valuable help for the study on SAR shallow water bathymetry surveys will be provided from this paper.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128064260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Satellite-Derived SST Fronts to Evaluate an Eddy Resolving Numerical Circulation Model","authors":"P. Cornillon, Andrew Eichmann","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4778913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4778913","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of HYCOM, an eddy-resolving ocean circulation model, to properly simulate the distribution of fronts in the upper ocean is evaluated using satellite-derived SST fields obtained from the MODIS spectro-radiometer. Although the HYCOM simulations are global, the analysis presented here was for the North Atlantic only. The MODIS data were resampled to the HYCOM grid, the University of Rhode Island (URI) edge detection algorithm was applied to the three year time series for both data sets and the frontal probabilities for the entire period were calculated at each pixel location for both data sets. Finally, the HYCOM minus MODIS frontal probabilities were analyzed. Preliminary results suggest that HYCOM tends to produce 10% more fronts than MODIS over most of the North Atlantic, but to underproduce fronts in a wide band crossing the North Atlantic from approximately 15degN, 60degW to approximately 30degN, 20degW.","PeriodicalId":237798,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128156865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}