Separation and Purification Methods最新文献

{"title":"REMOVAL AND RECOVERY OF DYESTUFFS FROM DYEING WASTEWATERS","authors":"M. Naim, Yehia M. El Abd","doi":"10.1081/SPM-120006116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-120006116","url":null,"abstract":"The toxic nature of some dyestuffs (DSs) has long been recognized. Accordingly, dyeing wastewaters represent a source of water contamination, and should be treated in some way so as to reduce the concentration of the polluting DSs to permissible limits, prior to dumping its wastewater. In addition, some DSs can be recovered for reuse, a point which should represent saving in the overall cost of the dyeing process. Extensive publications on the removal of DSs from dye house wastewaters have been cited in the literature in which many techniques have been applied, biological treatment being the method most widely used as a primary treatment. However, only few publications have been concerned with recovery of DSs from their wastewaters. In the present paper, numerous techniques, if not all, that are presently used for either removal or recovery of DSs have been reviewed, evaluated and compared.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124544844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INNOVATIONS IN PALLADIUM MEMBRANE RESEARCH","authors":"S. Paglieri, J. Way","doi":"10.1081/SPM-120006115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-120006115","url":null,"abstract":"This review highlights various aspects of current palladium membrane research and serves as a comprehensive bibliography covering palladium membrane preparation methods and applications. There are many promising uses for palladium membranes, although widespread use of the available technologies is constrained primarily by the high cost of palladium, lack of durability due to hydrogen embrittlement, and susceptibility to fouling. Various researchers in the field are tackling these problems and fabricating thinner palladium alloy composite membranes that better withstand contaminantion and thermal cycling. What has been accomplished to address these issues and the directions presently being explored are discussed.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125754134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INORGANIC POROUS MEMBRANES FOR LIQUID PHASE SEPARATION","authors":"T. Tsuru","doi":"10.1081/SPM-100108159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-100108159","url":null,"abstract":"Porous ceramic membranes are reviewed with reference to liquid phase separation. Methods for preparing porous ceramic membranes are summarized after a brief introduction to membranes and membrane processes. In the section on liquid phase separation, membrane materials are summarized from the viewpoint of pore size limits, since the pore sizes of porous membranes play an important role in determining separation performance. Various types of metal oxides and composite oxides have been developed by the sol-gel process; typical materials are Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, ZrO2, and composite oxides. The sol-gel process has a great advantage in terms of pore-size controllability over a wide range, from 0.5 ∼ several ten nm, and therefore, is suitable for preparing membranes for use in liquid phase separation. Applications of inorganic membranes are reviewed in terms of water treatment, separation of nonaqueous systems, and photocatalysis.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123669949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND BIOCHEMICAL CONCEPTS IN ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF PROTEINS*","authors":"M. Hearn, B. Anspach","doi":"10.1081/SPM-100108160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-100108160","url":null,"abstract":"* Reprinted from Separation Processes in Biotechnology; Asenjo, J.A., Ed.; Bioprocess Technology, Vol. 9; Marcel Dekker, Inc.; New York, 1990; 17–64.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114855726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN SEPARATION PROCESSES: ANALYTICAL AND PREPARATIVE METHODS*","authors":"C. Ivory","doi":"10.1081/SPM-100108161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-100108161","url":null,"abstract":"Reprinted from Separation Processes in Biotechnology; Asenjo, J.A., Ed.; Bioprocess Technology, Vol. 9; Marcel Dekker, Inc.; New York, 1990; 517–568.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123636806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOLVENT SUBLATION: THEORY AND APPLICATION","authors":"Yujuan Lu, Xi-hai Zhu","doi":"10.1081/SPM-100108158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-100108158","url":null,"abstract":"The solvent sublation technique, one of adsorption bubble separation techniques, is initially proposed by Sebba[1] as an option for ion flotation, in which the material adsorbed on the surface of ascending bubbles and then collected by a solvent in the column upper zone. The technique has advantage over ion flotation or solvent extraction, so it has attracted many attentions in the wastewater treatment and the recovery of many metals. But as to now, the review on the solvent sublation is very sparse. The present paper reviews the theory and application in the solvent sublation.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128005711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF COAGULATION THEORY AND PRE-POLYMERIZED COAGULANTS FOR WATER TREATMENT","authors":"Jia-Qian Jiang","doi":"10.1081/SPM-100102986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-100102986","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the history of chemical coagulation and its effects on the water quality control and management, considers how the most favourable coagulant species and pre-polymerized inorganic coagulants may be prepared by reference to the appropriate coagulant chemistry, and evaluates the overall performance of some pre-polymerised coagulants in comparison with that of conventional coagulants for water treatment.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121362472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS BY FUNGAL BIOMASS AND MODELING OF FUNGAL BIOSORPTION: A REVIEW","authors":"Y. Saǧ","doi":"10.1081/SPM-100102984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-100102984","url":null,"abstract":"The wastewaters discharged from chemical industries which may contain heavy metal ions have toxic effect on all the living organisms. Because of this, disposal of them to the environment is a major threat to both human health and ecosystem. So the development of new technologies is required to treat wastewaters as an alternative to traditional physicochemical processes. Biosorption, the process of passive cation binding by dead or living biomass, represents a potentially cost-effective way of eliminating toxic heavy metals from industrial waste waters. While the abilities of microorganisms to remove metal ions in solution have been extensively studied, fungi have been recognized as a promising class of low-cost adsorbents for removal of heavy-metal ions from aqueous waste streams. Algae, fungi and bacteria differ from each other in their constitution, giving rise to different mechanisms of metal biosorption. The paper reviews the biosorption capacities of various fungi (free or immobilized or subjected to physical and chemical treatments) and, chitin and chitosan, important fungal cell wall components, in different reactor systems for heavy metal ions and discusses the fungal biosorption mechanisms. To explore the biosorption mechanisms, it is necessary to identify the functional groups involved in the biosorption process. As single toxic metallic species rarely exist in natural and waste waters, any approach that attempts to removal heavy metals from multi-component systems using fungi would be more realistic. The effects of various combinations of the metal ions on the biosorption capacity of various fungi are discussed and the actions of the metal ion combinations synergistic or antagonistic are identified. Equilibria and capacity relationships for mono-component systems are well established and quantitatively expressed by various types of adsorption isotherms. In the case of multi-metal systems, models should be modified in order to take into account all metals and cover experimental data over a wide range of solution concentrations. The researcher is often puzzled as to what are the basic differences or similarities between the isotherms and what isotherm to select for practical use to predict adsorption capacities or to incorporate it in predicting breakthrough of columnar operations. The paper reviews the range of equilibrium sorption models, and diffusion and sorption models in different reactor systems used by different researchers to correlate experimental data for fungal biosorption.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131018363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLICATION OF ION EXCHANGE TECHNIQUES TO INDUSTRIAL PROCESS OF MUST ACIDIFICATION","authors":"V. M. Palacios, I. Caro, L. Pérez","doi":"10.1081/SPM-100102987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-100102987","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION 144 EQUIPMENT AND METHODS 144 Must and Ion Exchange Resin 144 Operation Conditions and Experiments 146 Analysis 147 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 147 Effects on the pH 147 Effects on the Concentration of Alkaline Ions 148 Effects on the Concentration of Metal Ions 149 Effects on Other Parameters 150 Standard Model for Ion Exchange Operations 151 Optimization of the Industrial Process 153 CONCLUSIONS 155 REFERENCES 155 SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION METHODS, 30(1), 143–156 (2001)","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127898229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODELLING OF PERVAPORATION: MODELS TO ANALYZE AND PREDICT THE MASS TRANSPORT IN PERVAPORATION","authors":"F. Lipnizki, G. Trägårdh","doi":"10.1081/SPM-100102985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-100102985","url":null,"abstract":"The modelling of the ma ss transfer in pervaporation is one of the fundamental aspects to understand and therefore improve the process performance. This paper reviews the different models to analyse and predict the mass transport through the selective layer in pervaporation. It therefore provides an overview combined with some guidance about the different models proposed in the literature and the applicability range of these models. The different models reviewed cover the two key mass transport steps in pervaporation: (1) sorption into the membrane, and (2) diffusion through the membrane. For the two different steps individual models will be proposed as well as models covering the mass transport across the membrane as a whole. The different models will be grouped with respect to the nature of the models: theoretical, semi-empirical or empirical. Further the applicability range of the different models regarding the different polymer classes such as glassy, semi-crystalline, or rubbery will be shown. Finally, it will be commented on the applicability of the models with regard to two main research fields in pervaporation: development of membranes and design of processes and modules. Inorganic and composite-material membranes involve additional models to analyse and predict the mass transport and have been excluded from this review.","PeriodicalId":237683,"journal":{"name":"Separation and Purification Methods","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122628444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}