Journal of Global Positioning Systems最新文献

{"title":"Impact of RNSSs on Positioning in the Asia-Oceania Region","authors":"Binghao Li, Shaocheng Zhang, A. Dempster, C. Rizos","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.2.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.2.114","url":null,"abstract":"Regional Navigation Satellite Systems (RNSS) are being developed by Asian countries. The Asia-Oceania region becomes a hotspot that the maximum number of navigation satellites can be “seen”. There will be a great impact of the RNSSs on positioning in this region. This paper introduces the Asian RNSSs, discuses single point positioning and differential positioning using RNSSs and analyses the combination of GPS and RNSS for urban canyon positioning by simulation.","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124934475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring in Urban Vehicle Navigation: The Five Satellite Case","authors":"Kyle O’Keefe, G. Lachapelle, A. D. Fazio, D. Bettinelli","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.2.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.2.157","url":null,"abstract":"Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring is most often described using an example where six pseudoranges estimate four unknowns. In this paper, the implications of using only five satellites are investigated. An earlier paper showing that least-squares estimations involving one degree of freedom with equally weighted observations always result in residuals with a value of ±1 is reviewed. The results from this previous work are generalized for the case of weighted observations and a priori knowledge of measurement variance. The new general result is that, when there is one degree of freedom, the standardized residuals always equal ± the square root of the estimate variance factor. This result is then demonstrated using an epoch of real data collected during a vehicle navigation test in an urban canyon where six and then five pseudorange observations are available.","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126644549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Perspective to Integrated Satellite Navigation Systems","authors":"Shi Hu-li, Jing Gui-fei, Cui Jun-xia","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.2.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.2.100","url":null,"abstract":"In order to further expand and enhance the level of applications of satellite navigation, three new systems are proposed on the basis of successful application of existing satellite navigation systems: a two-way satellite communication and navigation system which is based on a two-way satellite communication transmission link, a satellite-assisted ground mobile communication and navigation system and an air–ground communication cooperation multi-system multi-mode positioning system. Key technologies for achieving breakthroughs and implementation of the three new systems are also described, including deep integration of navigation signals and communication signals, a compared measurement technique, and our method to improve constellation GDOP. Some applications of these new systems, in the fields of high-precision measurement, emergency rescue and equipment real-time monitoring, are introduced.","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130360703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unambiguous Double Delta Discriminator for sine-phased BOC(n,n) receiver","authors":"Jinghui Wu, A. Dempster","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.2.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.2.149","url":null,"abstract":"A new unambiguous discriminator similar to a conventional Double Delta correlator is tailored for sinephased BOC(1,1) signal tracking. It is shown in this paper that it has efficient multipath mitigation at the cost of degraded noise resistance due to correlation loss of using waveform subtraction. Its multipath performances is evaluated in both coherent and dot-product type noncoherent structures. The advantage of dot-product type discriminator structure for multipath resistance is shown. Tracking code jitters are examined theoretically and empirically. A new simplified jitter expression is provided to facilitate the comparison of relative noise performance for various Strobe Correlators with the proposed discriminator, without considering the effect of bandlimiting.","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126937100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multipath Mitigation Based on Deconvolution","authors":"Kostas Dragunas, K. Borre","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.1.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.1.79","url":null,"abstract":"There are many applications which require continuous positioning in combined outdoor urban and indoor environments. For a long time GNSS has been used in outdoor environments while indoor positioning is still a challenging task. One of the major degradations that GNSS receivers experience indoors is the presence of multipath. The current paper analyzes several available multipath mitigation techniques which would be suitable for indoor applications. Some of these techniques are described in more details. A few deconvolution based techniques such as the Projection Onto Convex Sets and the Deconvolution Approach are focused on and some tests are performed to show how they work. It is shown which advantages these techniques have over the conventional techniques. The wide range of tests show how these techniques work under ideal conditions, with simulated signals in different environments and in real world using data from high-end GNSS front-end.","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"414 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124435355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Minimal Detectable Bias in Fault Detection for Positioning","authors":"Nathan Knight, Jinling Wang, Xiaochun Lu","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.1.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.1.89","url":null,"abstract":"The Minimal Detectable Bias method of Fault Detection is frequently employed to determine if a position has integrity. However, to provide integrity the Type I error probability of the statistical tests is required to be preset. Normally, this probability is set to avoid the unnecessary rejection of measurements or to satisfy the continuity requirements. In this paper, the Type I error probability is set based on the integrity requirements by initially setting the Protection Levels equal to the Alert Limit. This new procedure of setting the Type I error probability is compared with the more conventional approach when there are different continuity requirements and when multiple biases are considered. From the results of this comparison, it is concluded that the new procedure increases the availability rates regardless of the continuity requirements and the number of biases considered.","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125036826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual-aided Two-dimensional Pedestrian Indoor Navigation with a Smartphone","authors":"L. Ruotsalainen, H. Kuusniemi, Ruizhi Chen","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor pedestrian positioning sets severe challenges for a navigation system. To be applicable for pedestrian navigation the platform used has to be small in size and reasonably priced. Smartphones fulfill these requirements satisfyingly. GNSS signals are degraded indoors and in order to obtain accurate navigation aiding from other sensors is needed. Self-contained sensors provide valuable information about the motion of the pedestrian and when integrated with GNSS measurements a position solution is typically obtainable indoors. The accuracy is however decreased due to errors in the measurements of the self-contained sensors introduced by various environmental disturbances. When the effect of the disturbance is constrained using visualaiding the accuracy can be increased to an acceptable level. This paper introduces a visual-aided twodimensional indoor pedestrian navigation system integrating measurements from GNSS, Bluetooth, WLAN, self-contained sensors, and heading change information obtained from consecutive images. The integration is performed with an Extended Kalman filter. Reliability information of the heading change measurements calculated from images using vanishing points is provided to the filter and utilized in the integration. The visual-aiding algorithm is computationally lightweight taking into account the restricted resources of the smartphone. In the conducted experiment, the accuracy of the position solution is increased by 1.2 meters due to the visual-aiding.","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133181664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Solution Using Motion Recognition Algorithm with Wearable EMG Sensors","authors":"Qian Wang, Yuwei Chen, Xiang Chen, Xu Zhang, Ruizhi Chen, Wei Chen","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"Navigation applications and location-based services are currently becoming standard features in smart phones with built-in GPS receivers. However, a ubiquitous navigation solution which locates a mobile user anytime anywhere is still not available, especially in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) degraded and denied environments. Different motion sensors and angular sensors have been adopted for augmenting the positioning solutions for such environments. An electromyography (EMG) sensor, which measures electrical potentials generated by muscle contractions from human body, is employed in this paper to detect the muscle activities during human locomotion and captures the human walking dynamics for motion recognition and step detection in a Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) solution. The work presented in this paper is a consecutive step of our pilot studies in developing a novel and robust PDR solution using wearable EMG sensors. The PDR solution includes standing and walking identification, step detection, stride length estimation, and a position calculation with a heading angular sensor. A situation of standing still is identified from the EMG signals collected from a walking process, which has standing and walking dynamics, via a hidden Markov model classifier fed by sample entropy features. Such pre-classified processing reduces the misdetection rate of step detection. After step detection, two stride length estimation methods are investigated for the PDR solution. Firstly, a linear stride length estimation method based on statistic models is investigated to improve the accuracy of the PDR solution. Secondly, five different walking motions are recognized by a motion recognition algorithm based on some particular EMG features, and a fixed stride length is then set for each walking motion to propagate the position. To validate the effectiveness and practicability of the methods mentioned above, some field tests were conducted by a few testers. The test results indicate that the performance of the proposed PDR solution is comparable to that of a commercial GPS receiver in outdoor test under an open-sky environment.","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115739728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision-based Positioning with a Single Camera and 3D Maps: Accuracy and Reliability Analysis","authors":"Xun Li, Jinling Wang, Nathan Knight, W. Ding","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"In an effort to supplement the available satelite-based positioning technology and extend such high level positioning capability to GPS-denied environments, a method of vision-based positioning with the use of single camera and newly defined 3D maps is proposed. Besides, only natural landmarks are required in the proposed method. Absolute position and orientation information can be provided in six degree of freedom. Our work here is to address the accuracy and reliability concerns of such a vision-based navigation system. The main contribution will be the newly defined 3D map and the adoption of photogrammetric 6DOF pose estimation method to improve positioning accuracy. Dilution of Precisions (DOPs) are introduced to evaluate positioning precision within the vision-based positioning domain. Quality control strategies are also applied to detect outliers in the observation and strengthen system reliability","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132050009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positioning in Synchronized Ultra Low-Power Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Ville Kaseva, T. Hämäläinen, Marko Hännikäinen","doi":"10.5081/JGPS.10.1.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5081/JGPS.10.1.50","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of densely deployed, independent, and collaborating low cost sensor nodes. The nodes are highly resource-constrained in terms of energy, processing, and data storage capacity. Thus, the protocols used in WSNs must be highly energy-efficient. WSN communication protocols achieving the lowest power consumption minimize radio usage by accurately synchronizing transmissions and receptions with their neighbors. In this paper, we show how network signaling frames of state-of-the-art synchronized communication protocols for low-power WSNs supporting mobile nodes can be used for positioning. We derive mathematical models for node power consumption analysis. Both centralized and distributed positioning architectures are modeled. The models provide a tool for estimating what kind of network lifetimes can be expected when average positioned node speed, the amount of anchor nodes required by the location estimation algorithm, and the location refresh rate required by the application are known. The presented analysis results are based on two kinds of node hardware: with and without Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The results show that the positioning parameters and used hardware have significant impact on node power consumption and network lifetime. In the presented results, the network lifetime ranges from over 10 years to 2 months with different positioning requirements and hardware. keywords: Wireless, Low-Power, Sensor Networks c ⃝[2010] IEEE. Portions reprinted, with permission, from [Ville Kaseva, Timo D. Hamalainen, and Marko Hannikainen, Positioning in Resource-Constrained Ultra Low-Power Wireless Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous Positioning Indoor Navigation and Location Based Service (UPINLBS), October/2010]","PeriodicalId":237555,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Positioning Systems","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121740023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}