World Journal of Agricultural Research最新文献

{"title":"Importance, Genetic Diversity and Prospects for Varietal Improvement of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in Burkina Faso","authors":"Korotimi Deme, Moumouni Konaté, Hamed Mahamadi Ouedraogo, J. Sanou, M. Sawadogo","doi":"10.12691/wjar-9-3-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/wjar-9-3-3","url":null,"abstract":"Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a very important spice for rural and urban communities in Burkina Faso. Cultivation of ginger is mainly practiced by traditional farmers, and its commercialisation offers substantial income to farmers, traders and processors. The tuber contains enormous medicinal and nutritional potential, and can thus contribute to qualitative improvement of the diet of consumers. Despite the many advantages of this plant, it remained underexploited due to insufficient knowledge of cultivation methods, its cycle duration and its water requirement, which confines the crop mainly to the western region of Burkina Faso. Such under-exploitation has been exacerbated due to little attention dedicated to ginger research in the country. Therefore, preservation and improvement of ginger quality represent an important challenge for the various actors of this crop’s industry. The present review highlights the importance of ginger, its role in crop diversification, its medicinal and nutritional properties, as well as the future areas of selection and genetic improvement of this species in Burkina Faso.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78167970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant Heterosis Detected from Hybridization of Parents with Agro-morphological Variability in Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.)","authors":"Moumouni Konaté, Sié Salif Sabarikagni Ouattara, Zaliatou Sékoné, Mouniratou Zoungrana, Bégué Dao, A. Toguyéni, J. Sanou","doi":"10.12691/WJAR-9-3-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/WJAR-9-3-2","url":null,"abstract":"Sesame is an important oilseed crop in Burkina Faso. However, varieties currently under cultivation are low yielding and susceptible to biotic or abiotic stresses. In such a context, an increase in sesame production would be possible either from an increase in the crop cultivation area or improvement of productivity traits. To create new and more productive varieties, seven lines from a local cultivar referred to as Senekuru were crossed with the improved and popular variety S42 during the dry season 2018-19, at Farakoba research station. Mid-parent heterosis, heterobeltiosis and the variability within the material were assessed during the rainy season 2019 using an Augmented Block Design. Standard agronomic practices were applied to the trials. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits. Mid-parent heterosis and heterobeltiosis varied from cross to cross and from trait to trait. Concerning seed yield, the best value of mid-parent heterosis (87.44%) was obtained with Senekuru-3-1/S42, while Senekuru-2-1/S42 presented the best heterobeltiosis (40.34%). The main yield contributing traits in sesame production were plant height, branch number, and capsule number. Then, it was contended that hybrid seeds can significantly increase sesame productivity, provided that a practical hybridisation approach is applied.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84732397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Seed Borne Fungi on Market Storing Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Seeds in Mogadishu, Somalia","authors":"Mohamed Ibrahim Abdi-Soojeede, Abubakar Ali Jama, Mohamed Ahmed Kullane, Ahmed Mohamed Farah","doi":"10.12691/wjar-9-3-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/wjar-9-3-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78418799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Drying Methods and Type of Packaging Materials on Phytochemical Content and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Five Medicinal Plants with Cosmetic Potential over Three Months Storage at Ambient Temperature","authors":"D. Gamage, R. Dharmadasa, D. Abeysinghe, R. Wijesekara, G. Prathapasinghe, Takao Someya","doi":"10.12691/WJAR-9-2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/WJAR-9-2-5","url":null,"abstract":"Drying and storage are the most integral parts of the post-harvest practices of herbal materials. These practices directly influence the physical and chemical quality of the processed product. Therefore, the main objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of drying methods and packaging materials on total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacity of five medicinal plant leaves with cosmetic potential. Leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Senna alata (L.) Roxb., Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., Ocimum tenuiflorum L. and Justicia adhatoda L. were dried to a constant weight using shade drier at 30-35°C, solar drier at 30-40°C and oven at 40°C. Thereafter, dried leaves were stored using three different packaging materials namely glass jars, polythene bags and gunny bags at ambient temperature for three months. Aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, folin-ciocalteau method, and phosphomolybdate assay were employed to analyze the total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of ethanolic extracts of leaves respectively in each month. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation of minimum three replications. Significant interactions of the drying methods and packaging materials on TAC, TFC and TPC of dried leaf materials were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA. Results showed that the maximum TFC, TPC and TAC in oven dried H. rosa-sinensis (23.48±2.49 mg RE/100g DW, 1.09±0.24 mg GAE/100g DW and 0.39±0.05 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) and C. asiatica (128.64±10.59 mg RE/100g DW, 2.38±0.32 mg GAE/100g DW and 2.2±0.05 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) leaves stored in glass jars and solar dried S. alata (117.43±9.00 mg RE/100g DW, 3.99±0.29 mg GAE/100g DW and 1.07±0.04 mg AAE/100g DW respectively), O. tenuiflorum (216.02±0.75 mg RE/100g DW, 1.92±0.12 mg GAE/100g DW and 1.07±0.03 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) and J. adhatoda (11.13±1.23 mg RE/100g DW, 1.02±0.19 mg GAE/100g DW and 0.42±0.04 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) leaves stored in glass jars at the end of the storage period. However, statistically significant interaction (p value < 0.05) was not reported between drying method and packaging material on TPC of C. asiatica and O. tenuiflorum leaves and TFC of S. alata leaves. In conclusion, determining the effect of different processing methods on chemical constituents of aforementioned plant leaf materials is suggested to assure the quality of the final product.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"104 1","pages":"73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90243837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Management of South Kivu Ferralsols by the Contribution of Different Types of Fertilizers: Their Influence on the Biofortified Climbing Bean Behaviour","authors":"Safina Bora Francine, C. B. Géant, Adrien Byamungu Ndeko, Cishesa Thierry, Antoine Lubobo Kanyege, M. N. Gustave","doi":"10.12691/WJAR-9-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/WJAR-9-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"For many tropical and subtropical countries, poor soil fertility management is still a major problem in agricultural production and requires sustained attention. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the combination of fertilizer types on the improvement of ferralsol properties and on biofortified climbing bean yield in South Kivu. The experimental field was conducted by using a CRB plot with three replications. Ten treatments were followed consisted of a control, mineral fertilizer NPK (150 kgha-1), farmyard manure (30 tha-1), liming (1.3 tha-1), fresh biomass of Tithonia diversifolia (30 tha-1), and their combinations. The results obtained show significant differences between the treatments and their ability to improve the chemical properties (acidity, OM, N, and K) of the ferralsol during the two cropping seasons. This improvement has led to improvements significantly in the growth, yield, and profitability of climbing beans. The combination of farm manure and NPK (2.6 tha-1); liming-NPK and straw biomass of Tithonia sp. presented the same yield performance. With a profit margin of 900 and 850 USDha-1, Tithonia sp. could replace expensive mineral fertilizers. This study shows that liming coupled with low rates of fertilizer or Tithonia sp. on ferralsol in eastern RD Congo conditions and have the potential for improving the availability of soil nutrients and providing the quantities required nutrients needed for growing biofortified climbing beans and thus reduce malnutrition in the region subsequently fight against Fe and Zn micronutrient deficiency.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80129289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Bamboo Farming to Mitigate Soil Degradation in Kinale Area, Kiambu County","authors":"Joy Wamahiga Maina, S. Ochola, J. Mwaniki","doi":"10.12691/WJAR-9-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/WJAR-9-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing global attention towards the potentially devastating effects of climate change provides the need to focus on adoption of sustainable Bamboo farming to mitigate the effects of soil degradation. The objective of this study was to determine how sustainable Bamboo farming was adopted to mitigate the effects of soil degradation in Kinale area of Kiambu County. Data collection was done both quantitatively and qualitatively by use of questionnaires, focus group discussion and observations. Random sampling was used to select the interviewee of the study. Data was collected using questionnaire and focus group discussions, analyzed using SPSS versions 2.0 and results presented in percentages, frequency tables, charts. Pearson correlation with a significance of 0.05 was used to show relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The results of the study indicated that sustainable Bamboo farming was effective in curbing soil degradation with 93% of farmers stating it was reliable in averting the effects in their lands. The study recommended need for proper training to the farmers who are practicing on how to propagate Bamboo.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85079563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Market linkages: A Way of Sustaining the Production of Amaranth in Manjolo and Sikalenge Wards of Binga District of Matabeleland North, Zimbabwe","authors":"F. Muromo, J. Matunhu, T. Madanzi, Pepukai Manjeru, I. Isaac","doi":"10.12691/WJAR-9-1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/WJAR-9-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"Through a market linkages survey of grain and vegetable amaranth farmers, input suppliers, potential market as well as agricultural extension workers, this paper investigated how grain (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) and vegetable amaranth (A. cruentus L.) farmers in Binga District, Matabeleland North can be linked to the market to ensure the sustainable production of grain and vegetable Amaranth in Manjolo and Sikalenge wards of Binga District. Results from the survey indicate that households have a positive perception towards production and consumption of amaranth. The potential markets that is Bulawayo, Hwange and Victoria Falls are very far and the road connectivity is very poor as indicated by the poor state of the roads Supermarkets need registered companies which is a challenge dealing with the fragmented resource poor farmers, hence there is need to arrange farmers into groups. Also formal markets normally need produce that meets certain standards hence the farmers in the two wards face the challenge in selling their produce to the formal market. The study recommends the popularisation of the vegetable by all stakeholders as well as exploration of value addition and beneficiation to tap into international markets.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"85 1","pages":"37-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77316751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African Rural University Students are Improving Farming Communities’ Livelihoods during Internship Using Community Action Planning in the Albertine Region, Uganda","authors":"C. Tumuhe, Christine A. Ojok, John Tusiime","doi":"10.12691/WJAR-9-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/WJAR-9-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"Community Action Planning (CAP) develops capacity of grass-root communities to create the change they desire. African Rural University (ARU) students are deployed in villages for internship program to facilitate change and acquire hands-on experience in conducting CAP with rural farming communities. Using the Epicenter Strategy (ES), ARU internship students (interns) were deployed in 11 Sub Counties in Kagadi, Kibaale and Kakumiro districts for two academic semesters to help villages plan and implement projects using CAP. They used visionary planning approach to generate visions and required actions from the communities. The methods used in CAP included; brainstorming, group discussions, and plenary discussions. The students were mentored in the field by Epicenter Managers (EMs) and supervised on a bi weekly basis by a faculty supervisor and a Traditional Wisdom Specialist (TWS). They (the students) prepared an internship report of all projects initiated and presented the achieved results to the communities, local government and faculty staff before submitting the reports to ARU for assessment. The authors used one report of the internship conducted at Birembo Sub County and prepared this paper. The key results highlighted in this work include; communities initiated own projects in agriculture, health, education, transport and environmental conservation at individual, household, group, community or Sub County levels. The ARU intern student contributed to the effectiveness and efficiency of service delivery at Sub County during the internship. The intern learned and conducted CAP thus enhanced her capacity to cause a democratic bottom up planning process for effective rural transformation. The intern enabled people to learn and acquire skills in the visionary approach to improve their livelihoods. There is need for more CAP sessions to follow-up, monitor the initiated projects or even start new ones.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"126 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72724327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Phytochemical Contents and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Five Medicinal Plants with Cosmetic Potential under Three Different Drying Methods","authors":"D. Gamage, R. Dharmadasa, D. Abeysinghe, R. Wijesekara, G. Prathapasinghe, Takao Someya","doi":"10.12691/WJAR-9-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/WJAR-9-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"Drying allows the quick conservation of medicinal properties of herbal materials. However, the instability of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants which exhibit potent antioxidant activity and wide range of pharmacological properties may indicate a sensitivity to different drying treatments. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the effect of shade drying, solar drying and oven drying on bioactive ingredients of five cosmetic potential plant leaves. Leaves of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., Senna alata (L.) Roxb., Justicia adhatoda L., Ocimum tenuiflorum L., Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. were dried to a constant weight using shade drier at 30-35 iaC, solar drier at 30-40 iaC and oven at 40 iaC. Aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, Folin- Ciocalteau method, and Phosphomolybdate assay were employed to analyse the total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of ethanolic extracts of leaves respectively. All assays were performed in triplicate. Data was analyzed using one -way ANOVA and Tukeyi¯s multiple comparison method. Results showed that significantly higher TFC, TPC and TAC of solar dried leaves of O. tenuiflorum (758.81iA2.05 mg RE/100g DW, 3.54iA0.71 mg GAE/100g DW and 22.56iA0.38 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) and leaves of H. rosa-sinensis (89.72iA1.38 mg RE/100g DW, 23.9iA0.06 mg GAE/100g DW and 8.53iA0.73 mg AAE/100g DW respectively). Solar dried C. asiatica and S. alata leaves showed high TFC and TAC while the TPC was high in oven dried leaves of C. asiatica and shade dried leaves of S. alata respectively. In contrast, J. adhatoda showed the maximum TFC in shade dried samples, the highest TPC in solar dried leaves and the maximum TAC in oven dried leaves. Moreover, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) among drying methods in terms of antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of J. adhatoda. and antioxidant capacity of C. asiatica. Thus, it can be concluded that, solar drying of medicinal plant materials using solar drier would be an economical, efficient, and effective drying method for preserving bioactive compounds present in leaves of above-mentioned plants.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84845614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Camel Trypanosomiasis (Surra) among Pastoralists of Isiolo and Marsabit Counties, Kenya","authors":"B. WanjalaKennedy, L. MugunieriGodiah, M. AlusiPhyllis, K. KurgatRichard, E. MdachiRaymond, K. ChemulitiJudith, E. AumaJoanna, W. WamwiriFlorence, W. MukiriaPhoebe, O. OkothSylvance, K. ThuitaJohn","doi":"10.12691/WJAR-9-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/WJAR-9-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Camel trypanosomiasis or Surra is the single most important cause of morbidity and mortality in camels. The animals are kept under pastoral conditions often characterised by remote settings with poor infrastructure. These characteristics of pastoral areas do not attract either habitation or work of qualified veterinary service providers hence the camel keeping communities are left to play a major role to surmount any constraints that they encounter during animal husbandry. This paper presents management of camel trypanosomiasis, from an emic perspective, among camel keeping communities of Isiolo and Marsabit Counties. The information presented here within was collected in the above areas following field research activities undertaken in 2019. Results indicate that the communities were knowledgeable about the disease and majority rightfully associated camel trypanosomiasis with biting flies, the disease vector. The main symptoms observed for conclusion about surra to be made included loss of body condition, inability to walk long distances, rough hair coat, inability to feed well, reduced milk production in lactating females and abortion. The management of surra and its vectors among the camel keeping communities included use of both formal veterinary products and ethno-medicine. Drug stores (agrovets) were popular sources of veterinary drugs among the communities. The study recommends sensitization of the communities about use of veterinary drugs particularly those targeting camel trypanosomiasis and the disease vectors and, training of agrovet frontline staff to provide the desired information to herders as they buy drugs of their choice for effective disease management.","PeriodicalId":23702,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"15-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89768166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}