Vitamin E最新文献_第2页

CHAPTER 17. Vitamin E Deficiency and Inadequacy; Insights Using Zebrafish, Lipidomics and Metabolomics 第十七章。维生素E缺乏和不足;使用斑马鱼，脂质组学和代谢组学的见解

Vitamin E Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1039/9781788016216-00242

M. Traber

{"title":"CHAPTER 17. Vitamin E Deficiency and Inadequacy; Insights Using Zebrafish, Lipidomics and Metabolomics","authors":"M. Traber","doi":"10.1039/9781788016216-00242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016216-00242","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin E (α-tocopherol, VitE) deficiency has been recognized for about 100 years to cause neurologic developmental failures and fetal death. Thus, VitE is a critical player in the biochemical and physiological networks that prevent the dysregulation of neurogenesis. The major concepts that are described herein include: (1) the antioxidant function of VitE along with glutathione to protect against peroxidative damage, (2) the recognition that highly peroxidizable lipids are necessary for nervous system development and (3) the interrelationships between phosphatidyl choline regulation, the choline/methylation cycle and the folate cycle. The discoveries from VitE deficient (E−) zebrafish show that oxidative and metabolic damage, along with behavioral and morphological abnormalities, are caused by inadequate VitE status. Prior to the onset of morphological abnormalities, E− embryos experience dysregulation of choline status, methylation patterns and energy generation with glucose depletion. Given the importance of healthy fetuses, the lack of understanding of VitE's role in regulation of embryogenesis represents a critical lack of knowledge about this key nutrient. Remarkably, most women have inadequate intakes of both VitE and choline, suggesting that inadequacy of one might potentiate the inadequacy of the other. Importantly, VitE inadequacy drives secondary deficiencies that cause developmental defects, especially neural tube defects. Specifically, the relationship of VitE, oxidative damage and metabolic control systems involved in neurogenesis are described.","PeriodicalId":23674,"journal":{"name":"Vitamin E","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90114604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

CHAPTER 9. Lipid Peroxidation: Role of Vitamin E 第9章。脂质过氧化:维生素E的作用

Vitamin E Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1039/9781788016216-00118

Shanshan Zhong, H. Yin

引用次数: 1

CHAPTER 18. Interference Effect of Vitamin E on Vitamin K Metabolism 第18章。维生素E对维生素K代谢的干扰作用

Vitamin E Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1039/9781788016216-00257

S. Ikeda

{"title":"CHAPTER 18. Interference Effect of Vitamin E on Vitamin K Metabolism","authors":"S. Ikeda","doi":"10.1039/9781788016216-00257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016216-00257","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility that excessive vitamin E intake causes vitamin K deficiency bleeding has been recognized for a long time, but the cause is still unknown. We aimed to clarify the influence of vitamin E intake on vitamin K concentration and its physiological activity using rats. Intake of an α-tocopherol-containing diet lowered phylloquinone (PK) concentrations in various tissues except for the liver. α-Tocopherol suppressed the elevation of an extrahepatic PK concentration after oral administration of PK. However, the tissue concentration of menaquinone-4 (MK-4), another vitamin K isoform converted from PK in the body, did not decrease after α-tocopherol intake. Unlike α-tocopherol, intake of a γ-tocopherol-containing diet did not lower PK or MK-4 concentration in tissues, but excess intake of γ-tocopherol significantly decreased PK concentration in some extrahepatic tissues. Excess intake of α-tocopherol did not affect blood clotting activity, uncarboxylated osteocalcin concentration in the serum, bone density, or expression of the gene related to bone metabolism. These results revealed that α-tocopherol intake lowered extrahepatic PK concentration, but this decrease in PK concentration had little effect on vitamin K physiological activity in rats.","PeriodicalId":23674,"journal":{"name":"Vitamin E","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91258574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CHAPTER 2. Tocotrienols: From Bench to Bedside 第二章。生育三烯醇:从实验室到床边

Vitamin E Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1039/9781788016216-00012

J. Fu, Geetha Maniam, F. Wong, Doryn Meam-Yee Tan, P. Meganathan, L. Chuah

{"title":"CHAPTER 2. Tocotrienols: From Bench to Bedside","authors":"J. Fu, Geetha Maniam, F. Wong, Doryn Meam-Yee Tan, P. Meganathan, L. Chuah","doi":"10.1039/9781788016216-00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016216-00012","url":null,"abstract":"Since its discovery in the 1900s, vitamin E remains an essential micronutrient, playing a pivotal role as an antioxidant and neuroprotection agent. It is a family of compounds categorized into two groups based on chemical structure, i.e. tocopherols and tocotrienols. Although tocopherols are widely recognized due to their abundance in vegetable oils, little was known about tocotrienols. In fact, tocotrienols were found in high amounts in vegetable oils commonly used in Asian countries, including palm oil and rice bran oil. A recent shift in research focus revealed novel nutritional benefits of tocotrienols, beyond tocopherols. These nutritional benefits were extensively studied on a laboratory scale using in vitro and in vivo models. Moving into human studies, numerous clinical trials were conducted using commercial products of tocotrienols, marketed as tocopherol/tocotrienol mixtures. In addition to nutritional benefits, interest in the areas of their bioavailability, safety profile, and analytical methods have attracted global attention. In this chapter, we aim to address the research findings of tocotrienols over the past two decades, as well as the way forward. This review serves as a time-travel capsule, taking us on the journey of tocotrienol development from the bench to the bedside.","PeriodicalId":23674,"journal":{"name":"Vitamin E","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83930792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CHAPTER 7. Novel Functions of Vitamin E Nicotinate 第七章。维生素E烟酸盐的新功能

Vitamin E Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1039/9781788016216-00088

Y. Suzuki, L. Marcocci, K. R. Duncan, D. I. Suzuki, N. Shults

{"title":"CHAPTER 7. Novel Functions of Vitamin E Nicotinate","authors":"Y. Suzuki, L. Marcocci, K. R. Duncan, D. I. Suzuki, N. Shults","doi":"10.1039/9781788016216-00088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016216-00088","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin E nicotinate is an ester of tocopherol (vitamin E) and niacin (vitamin B3). While this ester can be chemically synthesized, whether vitamin E nicotinate is formed from vitamin E and niacin in the biological system is unclear. Our previous metabolomics analysis demonstrated that the heart tissue level of vitamin E nicotinate is 30-fold lower in heart failure. Since the rat diet used in these experiments contained vitamin E acetate and niacin separately, but not in the form of vitamin E nicotinate, these results revealed that vitamin E and niacin could be esterified to form vitamin E nicotinate in the biological system. Observations that the vitamin E nicotinate level gets altered in the disease state suggest clinical importance. While it was expected that oxidative stress occurring during heart failure decreases the levels of various antioxidants, only vitamin E nicotinate, but not other forms of vitamin E including α-tocopherol, was reduced. Hence, vitamin E nicotinate may function independently from simply serving as a source of active vitamin E. Consistent with this idea, we recently found that the intact vitamin E nicotinate structure could elicit cell signaling for the formation of anandamide. Exciting novel functions of vitamin E nicotinate are discussed.","PeriodicalId":23674,"journal":{"name":"Vitamin E","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84657204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CHAPTER 15. Analysis of Vitamin E Metabolites 第15章。维生素E代谢物分析

Vitamin E Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1039/9781788016216-00208

P. Torquato, D. Giusepponi, R. Galarini, D. Bartolini, M. Piroddi, F. Galli

引用次数: 1

CHAPTER 10. Antioxidant Defense Network and Vitamin E 第十章。抗氧化防御网络和维生素E

Vitamin E Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1039/9781788016216-00134

E. Niki

引用次数: 0

CHAPTER 11. Vitamin E Inspired Synthetic Antioxidants 第十一章。维生素E启发合成抗氧化剂

Vitamin E Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1039/9781788016216-00151

L. Valgimigli, Riccardo Amorati

{"title":"CHAPTER 11. Vitamin E Inspired Synthetic Antioxidants","authors":"L. Valgimigli, Riccardo Amorati","doi":"10.1039/9781788016216-00151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016216-00151","url":null,"abstract":"The search for novel antioxidants inspired by the structure of vitamin E was made possible by rationalization of the physical–chemical properties at the basis of vitamin E bioactivity and has contributed significantly to such rationalization. Hundreds of novel compounds have been synthesized and tested, a representative selection of which (51 molecules) is illustrated and discussed in this chapter, highlighting the structure–activity relationships behind their antioxidant activity. Among them, BO-653, thiatocopherol and related compounds, selenotocopherol and related compounds, tellurophenols, N-tocopherol and related compounds, and Mito-Vitamin E are given special attention. The discussion focuses on the absolute rate constant for trapping peroxyl radicals in solution. When available, the performance in biomimetic models, like the protection of low density lipoproteins, along with the results of in vivo testing for pharmaceutical applications is also addressed. Some of the synthetic analogues largely outperformed the most active natural α-tocopherol, both in model systems and in vivo. However, none of these compounds has yet reached medical practice or is currently approved as a pharmaceutical, which calls for further research.","PeriodicalId":23674,"journal":{"name":"Vitamin E","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74056537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1