Weed Research最新文献_第2页

Using non‐chemical options in integration with reduced rates of imazethapyr in weed management of pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) 采用非化学方法结合降低用量的吡嗪吡韦在平豆杂草管理中的应用

3区农林科学

Weed Research Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1111/wre.12599

R. Amini, M. Behgam, A. Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab

{"title":"Using non‐chemical options in integration with reduced rates of imazethapyr in weed management of pinto bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.)","authors":"R. Amini, M. Behgam, A. Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab","doi":"10.1111/wre.12599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12599","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to investigate the effects of reduced imazethapyr rates integrated with non‐chemical weed management treatments on weed control and pinto bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed yield, the field studies were carried out at the Research Field of University of Tabriz, Iran in 2016 and 2017. The experiment was a factorial randomised complete block design with five levels of imazethapyr rates and four levels of non‐chemical managements. The weed density and biomass were reduced in all non‐chemical weed management treatments when combined with imazethapyr, compared with those treated with imazethapyr only (control). In both years, non‐chemical weed management treatments increased pinto bean seeds per plant and seed yield when integrated with imazethapyr. Pinto bean seeds per plant and seed yield in 2017 were greater than those in 2016 and also there was no significant difference between those in 0.75X and 1X. The relative ranking of non‐chemical weed management treatments for weed control efficacy and pinto bean seed yield was hand weeding > straw mulch > living mulch. Integration of imazethapyr with non‐chemical weed managements could increase the weed control efficacy and seed yield of pinto bean whereas would reduce herbicide application in sustainable production systems.","PeriodicalId":23661,"journal":{"name":"Weed Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135511665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Bi‐directional hoeing in maize 玉米的双向锄地

3区农林科学

Weed Research Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1111/wre.12597

Georg Naruhn, Valentin Schneevoigt, Jens Hartung, Gerassimos Peteinatos, Kurt Möller, Roland Gerhards

{"title":"Bi‐directional hoeing in maize","authors":"Georg Naruhn, Valentin Schneevoigt, Jens Hartung, Gerassimos Peteinatos, Kurt Möller, Roland Gerhards","doi":"10.1111/wre.12597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12597","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The weed control efficacy (WCE) of mechanical weeding in the inter‐row area in conventional cropping systems can achieve more than 90%. Despite the use of special intra‐row tools (e.g., finger weeders), only a WCE of 65%–75% can currently be realized in the intra‐row area. To close the gap between inter‐row and intra‐row WCE, in this study, a new approach for high‐efficacy precise mechanical weeding is presented. By using a GPS‐based pneumatic precision seeder (Kverneland GEOseed), a square crop seeding pattern of 37.5 cm × 37.5 cm was established in maize to enable post‐emergence hoeing lengthwise and transverse to the sowing direction. Thus, the treated area by the hoeing blades is postulated to increase, resulting in higher WCE. For this, six field experiments were conducted in South‐Western Germany in 2021 and 2022. Goosefoot blades and no‐till sweeps were guided automatically using a camera for row detection and a hydraulic side‐shift control for the hoe. This bi‐directional treatment was compared to an herbicide application and to hoeing treatments only along and transverse to the sowing direction. The bi‐directional hoeing treatment increased the WCE compared to hoeing along the crop rows on average from 80% to 95% and was not significantly different from the herbicide applications in 2022. Precise sowing in combination with hoeing along and transverse the crop rows resulted in 5.3% crop losses compared to 2.2% for hoeing only along the sowing direction by using only 15 cm wide goosefoot blades, while in the herbicide treatment and the untreated control no crop losses were detected. While maize biomass was not significantly different from the herbicide treatment in most cases over both years, in 2022, even the grain yield of the bi‐directional hoeing treatment with goosefoot blades (7.8 Mg ha −1 ) was statistically equal to the herbicide treatment (6.9 Mg ha −1 ). This study demonstrates the great potential of bi‐directional hoeing as an effective alternative to chemical weed control in row crops such as maize, sunflower and sugar beet.","PeriodicalId":23661,"journal":{"name":"Weed Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson: A new threat to agriculture in Europe and the Mediterranean region 棕苋菜:对欧洲和地中海地区农业的新威胁

3区农林科学

Weed Research Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1111/wre.12596

Maor Matzrafi, Laura Scarabel, Andrea Milani, Duilio Iamonico, Joel Torra, Jordi Recasens, José María Montull, Josep Maria Llenes, Ioannis Gazoulis, Alexandros Tataridas, Baruch Rubin, Gabriel Pardo, Alicia Cirujeda, Ana Isabel Marí, Husrev Mennan, Panagiotis Kanatas, Mehmet Nedim Dogan, Roland Beffa, Ilias Travlos

{"title":"<i>Amaranthus palmeri</i> S. Watson: A new threat to agriculture in Europe and the Mediterranean region","authors":"Maor Matzrafi, Laura Scarabel, Andrea Milani, Duilio Iamonico, Joel Torra, Jordi Recasens, José María Montull, Josep Maria Llenes, Ioannis Gazoulis, Alexandros Tataridas, Baruch Rubin, Gabriel Pardo, Alicia Cirujeda, Ana Isabel Marí, Husrev Mennan, Panagiotis Kanatas, Mehmet Nedim Dogan, Roland Beffa, Ilias Travlos","doi":"10.1111/wre.12596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12596","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson is a dioecious broad‐leaved species characterised by rapid growth, high seed production, efficient resource use and adaptability to diverse environments and cropping systems. A. palmeri populations are spreading beyond their native range in south western United States, into the Mediterranean region and have been reported in several European and Mediterranean countries. First stands were located along roadsides, and later in nearby agricultural fields. Possible routes of introduction include contaminated animal feed and grain shipments for industrial processing. Some European A. palmeri populations appear to be already resistant to 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase and acetolactate synthase inhibitors when imported. Recent studies suggest that this trait may have evolved in the origin country before the introduction into southern Europe and the wider Mediterranean region. Effective, transboundary networks have to be established between farmers and researchers to raise agricultural community awareness and continuously monitor the invasiveness of A. palmeri in Europe. In this review, we first highlight botanical characteristics that allow accurate identification of A. palmeri from closely related Amaranthus species. Then, we summarise recent reports on the occurrence of A. palmeri in Europe and the Mediterranean region. We proceed to assess future invasion and spread across Europe according to climate and agricultural practices. In addition, we review measures to early detect A. palmeri and emphasised on feasible, chemical and non‐chemical weed control methods as components of integrated weed management to mitigate the impact of A. palmeri invasion on European agriculture.","PeriodicalId":23661,"journal":{"name":"Weed Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing a tine weeder with artificial weeds in the controlled conditions of a soil bin 在受控的土壤箱条件下，用人工杂草测试定时除草机

3区农林科学

Weed Research Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1111/wre.12595

Jordan W. Parks, Eric R. Gallandt

{"title":"Testing a tine weeder with artificial weeds in the controlled conditions of a soil bin","authors":"Jordan W. Parks, Eric R. Gallandt","doi":"10.1111/wre.12595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12595","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Farmers adjust physical weed control (PWC) tools to optimize performance based on soil conditions, as well as the size and species of weeds and crop. These many variables make PWC field research challenging. Research in controlled conditions would reduce variability and allow more rapid testing of PWC tools. To this end, we constructed a soil bin with a mobile tool carriage inside of a heated glasshouse. The soil bin was 2 m wide by 12 m long by 1 m high. The mobile tool carriage can operate PWC tools at 0.4–19.0 km h −1 . Research methods were developed using a tine weeding tool and artificial weeds (AWs). The tine weeder offered uniform soil disturbance and, based on observation, has both uprooting and burial modes of action. Tine speed, angle and depth were evaluated in replicated soil bin and field experiments. Efficacy using AWs in soil bin was similar to efficacy based on surrogate and a real weed in one field experiment, but much greater than values measured in a second field experiment. Despite this inconsistency, we think that the simplified conditions of the soil bin system may be useful to test and prioritize tool settings or adjustments for field studies.","PeriodicalId":23661,"journal":{"name":"Weed Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136192097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The geographic distributions and complex genetic relationships among four Sorghum taxa identified in Taiwan 台湾高粱四个分类群的地理分布及复杂的亲缘关系

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Weed Research Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1111/wre.12594

W. Hsieh, Hsien‐Chun Liao, Han-shiuan Chin, Y. Kuo, Chih‐Hui Chen, Y. Tsai, A. Paterson, Yann-rong Lin

{"title":"The geographic distributions and complex genetic relationships among four Sorghum taxa identified in Taiwan","authors":"W. Hsieh, Hsien‐Chun Liao, Han-shiuan Chin, Y. Kuo, Chih‐Hui Chen, Y. Tsai, A. Paterson, Yann-rong Lin","doi":"10.1111/wre.12594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12594","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Sorghum consists of 25 species, including Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, one of the top five cereal crops cultivated globally, and S. halepense, one of the most noxious weeds. Weedy Sorghum possesses outstanding adaptability and drought tolerance thrives in diverse environments and becomes an invasive plant worldwide. Taiwan is a unique place possessing suitable habitats for four Sorghum taxa, S. bicolor ssp. bicolor, var. technicum, ssp. verticilliflorum and S. halepense, which were identified by key morphological features. The four Sorghum taxa showed distinct geographic distributions, revealing that invasiveness was influenced by their own characteristics and human activities. The sporadic distributions of cultivated S. bicolor ssp. bicolor and var. technicum may be attributed to human disturbance and agricultural activities. The rhizomatous S. halepense was widely distributed and showed the highest genetic diversity (He > 0.776) among the four taxa, with its strong adaptation to various environments threatening the agricultural practices and ecosystem in Taiwan. In contrast, the newly naturalised S. bicolor ssp. verticilliflorum was confined to and dominant in southern Taiwan, with the lowest genetic diversity (He < 0.272). Significant genetic differentiation (FST = 0.5207) between the two ssp. verticilliflorum subpopulations was associated with natural geographic isolation. This study concretely elucidated the geographic distributions, genetic diversity and relatedness of invasive and escaped Sorghum taxa, indicating the potential aggressiveness and hazard of weedy Sorghum in Taiwan.","PeriodicalId":23661,"journal":{"name":"Weed Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75678032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Confirmation of a five‐way herbicide‐resistant Amaranthus tuberculatus population in North Carolina 北卡罗莱纳苋属五路抗除草剂种群的确认

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Weed Research Pub Date : 2023-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/wre.12590

E. Jones, R. Andres, M. Owen, J. Dunne, Diego J. Contreras, C. Cahoon, Katherine M. Jennings, R. León, W. Everman

引用次数: 0

Control of Heracleum mantegazzianum with pyrolysis liquid products 热解液产物对曼特加齐姆的控制

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Weed Research Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/wre.12593

T. Hyvönen, M. Hagner, Timo K. Hurme, Bengt E. Lindqvist, H. Ojanen

引用次数: 1

Effect of weather conditions on efficacy of different herbicides used in Bromus sterilis control 气象条件对不同除草剂防治灰螨效果的影响