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APPLICATION OF PHOTOMETRY IN DETERMINING THE DUST MASS CONCENTRATION OF HARDWOODS 光度法在测定硬木粉尘质量浓度中的应用
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.678688
Anka Ozana Čavlović, I. Bešlić
{"title":"APPLICATION OF PHOTOMETRY IN DETERMINING THE DUST MASS CONCENTRATION OF HARDWOODS","authors":"Anka Ozana Čavlović, I. Bešlić","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.678688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.678688","url":null,"abstract":"Given the carcinogenicity of hardwood dust, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the photometric method for different types of woodworking machines and its application in determining the mass concentration of inhalable dust for raw and dry hardwoods. In addition to the optical part of the device, the input part of the measuring device contains the Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM) inhalable dust filter holder. This correlation of gravimetric and photometric methods in determining the dust mass concentration showed that photometry underestimates the mass concentration measured gravimetrically. The results of this study recommend the application of a correction factor 2 for a timber band saw and a correction factor 3 for circular saws in determining the mass concentration of hardwood dust by the photometric method. It was showed that photometry can be used if the correction factor of the optical device has been previously tested for specific wood processing place.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"164 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76107535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
DECAY RESISTANCE, DIMENSIONAL STABILITY AND MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF POPLAR WOOD MODIFIED WITH PLANT-DERIVED COMPOUNDS 植物源化合物改性杨木的抗腐性、尺寸稳定性和机械强度
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.556568
Jiapeng Wang, Zhenju Bi, Zhang-jing Chen, Li Yan, Yafang Lei
{"title":"DECAY RESISTANCE, DIMENSIONAL STABILITY AND MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF POPLAR WOOD MODIFIED WITH PLANT-DERIVED COMPOUNDS","authors":"Jiapeng Wang, Zhenju Bi, Zhang-jing Chen, Li Yan, Yafang Lei","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.556568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.556568","url":null,"abstract":"The cinnamaldehyde, salicylic acid, stearolic acid and citric acid were plant-derived organic compounds that can be activated to fungi, that could degrade the wood in long term. The compounds with concentrations of 3%, 5% and 7% assisted by different dispersants were impregnated into poplar (Populus nigra L.) specimens by the vacuum-pressure method. After that, weight percentage gain (WPG), decay resistance against white-rot fungi (Trametes versicolor) and brown-rot fungi (Gloeophyllum trabeum), color change, dimensional stability and mechanical properties including modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) were measured. The results indicated that cinnamaldehyde impregnated poplar showed antifungi activity against both G. trabeumand T. versicolor, and citric acid impregnated poplar showed antifungi activity against G. trabeum. The color of poplar specimens before and after impregnated cinnamaldehyde and citric acid had a little change, dimensional stability had been improved and mechanical properties especially for MOR increased significantly.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88663073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
EFFECTS OF HEAT TREATMENT ON SOME CHEMICAL COMPOUND AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BLACK PINE WOOD 热处理对黑松材化学成分及力学性能的影响
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.621629
Sahin Akyurek, M. Akman, Murat Ozalp
{"title":"EFFECTS OF HEAT TREATMENT ON SOME CHEMICAL COMPOUND AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BLACK PINE WOOD","authors":"Sahin Akyurek, M. Akman, Murat Ozalp","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.621629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.621629","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, effects of heat treatment on bending strength, compression strength, chemical compound and solubility of Black pine wood (Pinus nigra J.F.var. seneriana)was examined.For this purpose, Black pine wood samples were kept in temperature of 250°C for 2 hours. Test results of heat-treated Black pine wood and control samples indicated that mechanical characteristics including compression strength and bending strength were affected negatively with heat treatment. Bending strength of heat treated and non-treated test samples were 129 and 76 N.mm-2, respectively. Compression strength of heat treated and non-treated test samples were 53 and 43N.mm-2, resp.In addition, level of extractives, cellulose and hemicellulose decreased while lignin content increased with percentage of 40%. Significant decreases occurred in all chemical solubility values.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78632068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
INFLUENCE OF ULTRA LOW AND HIGH TEMPERATURE ON ENZYMATIC PRETREATMENT OF BEECH BRANCHES WOOD 超低温和高温对山毛榉枝材酶解预处理的影响
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.630642
M. Halaj, Š. Boháček, A. Pažitný, V. Kuňa, J. Balberčák
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ULTRA LOW AND HIGH TEMPERATURE ON ENZYMATIC PRETREATMENT OF BEECH BRANCHES WOOD","authors":"M. Halaj, Š. Boháček, A. Pažitný, V. Kuňa, J. Balberčák","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.630642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.630642","url":null,"abstract":"The publication is focused on the effect of ultra low and high temperature on enzymatic pretreatment of beech wood (Fagus sylvaticaL.). Two fractions < 0.7 mm and 1.0 –2.5 mm of disintegrated branches sawdust were used for experiments. Glucose and xylose yields were measured after 24, 48, and 72 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis with 15 % load of the enzyme measured to total cellulose content. The influence of freezing under -80°C and boiling under pressure at +160°C on samples before enzymatic hydrolysis was observed. Mutual combination of boiling under pressure to obtain the maximum water uptake and subsequent freezing was used to better understand the process of cell destruction. The results show that the boiling pretreatment has a positive influence on thetotal monosaccharide yields and the subsequent freezing may slightly increase these yields even further. The maximum monosaccharide conversion (73.24%) was achieved using the fraction < 0.7 mm.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77888509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COLOUR STABILITY OF STEAMED BLACK LOCUST 蒸刺槐的颜色稳定性
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.544555
D. Varga, L. Tolvaj, E. Preklet
{"title":"COLOUR STABILITY OF STEAMED BLACK LOCUST","authors":"D. Varga, L. Tolvaj, E. Preklet","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.544555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.544555","url":null,"abstract":"Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), beech red heartwood (Fagus sylvaticaL.) and spruce (Picea abiesKarst.) wood samples were treatedin saturated steam at 100, 110 and 120°C then irradiated using a UV emitter mercury lamp in order to test their colour stability. Colour change was evaluated and presented in the CIE Lab colour coordinate system. Untreated black locust, beech and spruce specimens as control samples were irradiated using the same mercury lamp. Results revealed that beech produced the greatest colour stability during both steam treatment and the following UV treatment while spruce was the most sensitive species to photodegradation. Steaming reduced the colour change intensity only for black locust during photodegradation. Both redness and yellowness change demonstrate this colour stability increase. Steaming at 120°C resulted in the greatest protection against the colour alteration of black locust caused by photodegradation.The investigated thermal treatments did not change the photodegradation properties of beech and spruce specimens. A considerable increase in colour saturation of the specimens was generated by steaming, and the saturation value further increased during the UV treatment.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73284618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
EFFECT OF IMISSION TO XYLEM ANATOMY OF NORWAY SPRUCE 排放对挪威云杉木质部解剖结构的影响
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.528543
M. Lexa, M. Vejpustková, A. Zeidler
{"title":"EFFECT OF IMISSION TO XYLEM ANATOMY OF NORWAY SPRUCE","authors":"M. Lexa, M. Vejpustková, A. Zeidler","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.528543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.528543","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to analyse the relationship between anatomical parameters of spruce tracheidsand climatic factors and air pollution load, in the period before, during and after the maximum air pollution load. In this study we used the method of dividing annual rings into a number of equally wide sectors, for which the average values of the tracheid dimensions, i.e., the lumen area and cell wall width, were determined. This method was compared to the classic approach, which works with the average values of parameters for the entire annual ring, or for earlywood and latewood. The study showed that the trees responded to the increased concentration of pollutants by reducing the widths of the annual rings and the values of the anatomical parameters. The higher resolution of data gives us a better insight on the influence of abiotic factors to the wood structure. The ratio of cell wall thicknesses ofearlywood to latewood was also shown asa good indicator of stress.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82814201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
INFLUENCE OF STIFFNESS RELATED TO THE C40 STRENGTH CLASS OF THE HARDWOOD GROUP ESTABLISHED BY THE BRAZILIAN STANDARD IN THE DESIGN OF TIMBER STRUCTURES 巴西标准规定的硬木组c40强度等级对木结构设计的刚度影响
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.582594
F. Lahr, V. Aquino, F. Arroyo, H. Santos, S. A. M. Silva, A. R. V. Wolenski, Carlos Maviael de Carvalho, J. Almeida, A. Christoforo
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF STIFFNESS RELATED TO THE C40 STRENGTH CLASS OF THE HARDWOOD GROUP ESTABLISHED BY THE BRAZILIAN STANDARD IN THE DESIGN OF TIMBER STRUCTURES","authors":"F. Lahr, V. Aquino, F. Arroyo, H. Santos, S. A. M. Silva, A. R. V. Wolenski, Carlos Maviael de Carvalho, J. Almeida, A. Christoforo","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.582594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.582594","url":null,"abstract":"The Brazilian standard ABNT 7190 (1997) establishes the strength classes C20, C30, C40 and C60 for the proper framework of the different wood types in the group of hardwoods. Associated with the strength class, which is based on the compressive strength characteristic value parallel to the fibers (fc0,k), the standard stipulates the respective values representing the stiffness (Ec0), with 19500 MPa being the reference value for the class C40, essential variables in structural design. For being the C40 class is the one with the greatest amplitude (20 MPa), it is possible that the value 19500 MPa is not the best representation of stiffness. This work aimed to verify the representativeness the stiffness value established by the Brazilian standard for C40 wood. The result obtained from the average confidence interval indicates the value of 14110 MPa as being the most representative, which may imply structures that are supposedly more rigid than they really are.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85322145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
PERFORMANCE OF COATED TUNGSTEN CARBIDE IN MILLING COMPOSITE BOARDS 涂层碳化钨在铣削复合板中的性能
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.606620
Putra Pangestu KIDUNG TIRTAYASA, W. Darmawan, D. Nandika, I. Wahyudi, Lumongga Dumasari, Usuki Hiroshi
{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF COATED TUNGSTEN CARBIDE IN MILLING COMPOSITE BOARDS","authors":"Putra Pangestu KIDUNG TIRTAYASA, W. Darmawan, D. Nandika, I. Wahyudi, Lumongga Dumasari, Usuki Hiroshi","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.606620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.606620","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to analyze the performance (wear resistance, surface roughness, chip formation, and noise level) of AlCrN, TiN, and TiAlN coated tungsten carbides in cutting composite boards. The composite boards of wood plastic composite, laminated veneer lumber, andorientedstrand board were cut by the coated tungsten carbide tools in a computer numerical control router. The results show that the differences in structure among the composite boards resulted in the difference in clearance wear, chip formation, surface roughness, and noise level phenomenon. The abrasive materials in wood plastic composite generated the highest clearance wear on the coated carbide tools tested. TiAlN coated carbide tool provided better wear resistance, smoother composite boards surfaces, and lower noise levels.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"190 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79751912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
FOUR SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA XYLEM AND ANALYSIS OF THE ANTI-FUNGAL ACTIVITY OF THE EXTRACTIVES 樟木质部的四种溶剂提取及其抗真菌活性分析
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.666677
Lili Quan, Ning Ji, Zhanguang Wang, Cuixiang Lu, Lin Hui
{"title":"FOUR SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA XYLEM AND ANALYSIS OF THE ANTI-FUNGAL ACTIVITY OF THE EXTRACTIVES","authors":"Lili Quan, Ning Ji, Zhanguang Wang, Cuixiang Lu, Lin Hui","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.666677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.666677","url":null,"abstract":"Four solvents including distilled water, acetone, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether were used to extract xylem of C. camphora. The differences in chemical compounds of xylem of C. camphorawere analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS)and the anti-fungal activityof C. camphoraextractives on Coriolus versicolor(CV), Trametes versicolor(TV),Poria vaporaria (PP) and Gloeophyllum trabeum(GT) were tested. The result showed that the chemical composition and relative content of the four different solvent extracts were different.A large number of chemical compounds in the C. camphoraextractives had a variety of biological activity and certain application value. The growth inhibitory rates of ethyl acetate extracts of C. camphora on PP, CV, TV and GTwere 52.24%, 52.51%, 43.26%, and 54.63%, respectively. According to the concentration for 50% of maximal effect, the inhibitory order on test fungus were GT > PP > CV > TV.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81347480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PERMEABILITY AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF MICROWAVE PRE-TREATED NORWAY SPRUCE RIPEWOOD 微波预处理挪威云杉成熟木材的透气性和力学性能
WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021 Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.569581
Dominik Hess, P. Pařil, Jakub Dömény, J. Baar
{"title":"PERMEABILITY AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF MICROWAVE PRE-TREATED NORWAY SPRUCE RIPEWOOD","authors":"Dominik Hess, P. Pařil, Jakub Dömény, J. Baar","doi":"10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.569581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.4.569581","url":null,"abstract":"This is a studyofthe influence of microwave (MW) pre-treatment on the permeabilityof Norway spruceripewood(Picea abiesL. Karst)as it affects its mechanical properties. Specimens weretreated under variable moisture content,MW intensity,and impregnation processes. According to the results,thespecimens withaninitial moisture contentof 45–65% exhibited the highest permeabilityvaluescompared to referencesamples. Aninsignificant difference was found between MW pre-treatments at2 and3kW.Statistically significant results were found afterlong-time (24h) vacuum-pressureimpregnation(LP). Theaverage retention value followingLP was 132 kg.m-3, which isalmost threetimes greater thanthe MW-treatedgroupsimpregnated in ashort-time vacuum-pressure process. The average depth of penetration after LP was 2.0mm and the proportion of the impregnation area followingLP was 17.6%. MW pre-treatment had no effect on the impregnability or the mechanical propertiesof the wood; other MW regimes are open for further examination.","PeriodicalId":23619,"journal":{"name":"WOOD RESEARCH 66(4) 2021","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80388780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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