Engineering Geology Special Publications最新文献

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.2

R. Musson

引用次数: 1

About this title - Geological Hazards in the UK: Their Occurrence, Monitoring and Mitigation – Engineering Group Working Party Report 关于本标题-英国的地质灾害:它们的发生、监测和缓解-工程小组工作组报告

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 2020-05-27 DOI: 10.1144/egsp29

D. Giles, J. Griffiths

引用次数: 0

Chapter 12 Subsidence – chalk mining 第12章沉陷-白垩采矿

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.12

C. Edmonds

{"title":"Chapter 12 Subsidence – chalk mining","authors":"C. Edmonds","doi":"10.1144/EGSP29.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/EGSP29.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Old chalk and flint mine workings occur widely across southern and eastern England. Over 3500 mines are recorded in the national Stantec Mining Cavities Database and more are being discovered each year. The oldest flint mines date from the Neolithic period and oldest chalk mines from at least medieval times, possibly Roman times. The most intensive period for mining was during the 1800s, although some mining activities continued into the 1900s. The size, shape and extent of the mines vary considerably with some types only being found in particular areas. They range from crudely excavated bellpits to more extensive pillar-and-stall styles of mining. The mines were created for a series of industrial, building and agricultural purposes. Mining locations were not formally recorded so most are discovered following the collapse of the ground over poorly backfilled shafts and adits. The subsidence activity, often triggered by heavy rainfall or leaking water services, poses a hazard to the built environment and people. Purpose-designed ground investigations are needed to map out the mine workings and carry out follow-on ground stabilization after subsidence events. Where mine workings can be safely entered they can sometimes be stabilized by reinforcement rather than infilling.","PeriodicalId":235435,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology Special Publications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132765102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Chapter 3 Tsunami hazard with reference to the UK 第三章海啸灾害与英国的关系

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.3

D. Giles

{"title":"Chapter 3 Tsunami hazard with reference to the UK","authors":"D. Giles","doi":"10.1144/EGSP29.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/EGSP29.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tsunami present a significant geohazard to coastal and water-body marginal communities worldwide. Tsunami, a Japanese word, describes a series of waves that, once generated, travel across open water with exceptionally long wavelengths and with very high velocities before shortening and slowing on arrival at a coastal zone. Upon reaching land, these waves can have a devastating effect on the people and infrastructure in those environments. With over 12 000 km of coastline, the British Isles is vulnerable to the tsunami hazard. A significant number of potential tsunami source areas are present around the entire landmass, from plate tectonic boundaries off the Iberian Peninsula to the major submarine landslides in the northern North Sea to more localized coastal cliff instability which again has the potential to generate a tsunami. Tsunami can be generated through a variety of mechanisms including the sudden displacement of the sea floor in a seismic event as well as submarine and onshore landslides displacing a mass of water. This review presents those impacts together with a summary of tsunami triggers and UK case histories from the known historic catalogue. Currently, apart from some very sensitive installations, there is very little in the UK in the way of tsunami management and mitigation strategies. A situation that should be urgently addressed both on a local and national level.","PeriodicalId":235435,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology Special Publications","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130567550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chapter 18 Radon gas hazard 第十八章氡气危害

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.18

J. D. Appleton, David Jones, J.C.H. Miles, C. Scivyer

引用次数: 2

Chapter 5 Debris flows 第五章泥石流

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.5

M. Winter

{"title":"Chapter 5 Debris flows","authors":"M. Winter","doi":"10.1144/EGSP29.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/EGSP29.5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fast-moving, rainfall-induced debris-flow events are relatively common in the mountainous areas of the UK. Their impacts are largely, although by no means exclusively, economic and social. They often sever (or delay) access to and from relatively remote communities for services and markets for goods; employment, health and educational opportunities; and social activities. Specific forms of economic impact are described and their extent is defined by the vulnerability shadow. The mechanisms of rainfall-induced, fast-moving debris flows are considered to bridge between slow mass movements and flood phenomena. The occurrence of debris flows is largely restricted to mountainous areas and a series of case studies from Scotland is briefly described. Hazard and risk assessment are briefly considered and a strategic approach to risk reduction is described. The latter allows a clear focus on that overall goal before concentrating on the desired outcomes and the generic approach to achieving those outcomes. The effects of climate change on debris-flow hazard and risk are also considered and it is concluded that, in Scotland, increases in debris-flow frequency and/or magnitude are most likely and that increases in the risks associated with debris flows are also likely.","PeriodicalId":235435,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology Special Publications","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114818608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Chapter 7 Quick clay behaviour in sensitive Quaternary marine clays – a UK perspective 第七章敏感的第四纪海相粘土的快速粘土行为-英国的观点

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.7

D. Giles

引用次数: 4

Chapter 15 Dissolution – carbonates 第十五章溶解-碳酸盐

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.15

C. Edmonds

{"title":"Chapter 15 Dissolution – carbonates","authors":"C. Edmonds","doi":"10.1144/EGSP29.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/EGSP29.15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The dissolution of limestone and chalk (soluble carbonates) through geological time can lead to the creation of naturally formed cavities in the rock. The cavities can be air, water, rock or soil infilled and can occur at shallow levels within the carbonate rock surface or at deeper levels below. Depending upon the geological sequence, as the cavities break down and become unstable they can cause overlying rock strata to settle and tilt and also collapse of non-cemented strata and superficial deposits as voids migrate upwards to the surface. Natural cavities can be present in a stable or potentially unstable condition. The latter may be disturbed and triggered to cause ground instability by the action of percolating water, loading or vibration. The outcrops of various limestones and chalk occur widely across the UK, posing a significant subsidence hazard to existing and new land development and people. In addition to subsidence they can also create a variety of other problems such as slope instability, generate pathways for pollutants and soil gas to travel along and impact all manner of engineering works. Knowledge of natural cavities is essential for planning, development control and the construction of safe development.","PeriodicalId":235435,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology Special Publications","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132252504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chapter 9 Peat hazards: compression and failure 第9章泥炭的危害:压缩和破坏

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.9

J. Warburton

{"title":"Chapter 9 Peat hazards: compression and failure","authors":"J. Warburton","doi":"10.1144/EGSP29.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/EGSP29.9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Peat is a highly compressible geological material whose time-dependent consolidation and rheological behaviour is determined by peat structure, degree of humification and hydraulic properties. This chapter reviews the engineering background to peat compression, describes the distribution of peat soils in the UK, provides examples of the hazards associated with compressible peat deposits and considers ways these hazards might be mitigated. Although some generalizations can be made about gross differences between broad peat types, no simple relationship exists between the magnitude and rate of compression of peat and loading. Based on examples described here, land failures resulting from peat compression are locally generated, but due to the sensitive nature of peat these can result in runaway failures that pose great risk. Understanding the geological hazards associated with compressible peat soils is challenging because peat is geotechnically highly variable and the mapped extent of peat in the UK is subject to considerable error due to inconsistencies in the definition of peat. Mitigating compression hazards in peat soils is therefore subject to considerable uncertainty; however, a combination of improved understanding of the properties of compressible peat, better mapping and land use zoning, and appropriate construction will help to mitigate risk.","PeriodicalId":235435,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology Special Publications","volume":"450 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125804332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chapter 11 Coal mining subsidence in the UK 第11章英国煤矿开采沉陷

Engineering Geology Special Publications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1144/EGSP29.11

L. Donnelly

{"title":"Chapter 11 Coal mining subsidence in the UK","authors":"L. Donnelly","doi":"10.1144/EGSP29.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/EGSP29.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the geohazards associated with coal mining is subsidence. Coal was originally extracted where it outcropped, then mining became progressively deeper via shallow workings including bell pits, which later developed into room-and-pillar workings. By the middle of the 1900s, coal was mined in larger open pits and underground by longwall mining methods. The mining of coal can often result in the subsidence of the ground surface. Generally, there are two main types of subsidence associated with coal mining. The first is the generation of crown holes caused by the collapse of mine entries and mine roadway intersections and the consolidation of shallow voids. The second is where longwall mining encourages the roof to fail to relieve the strains on the working face and this generates a subsidence trough. The ground movement migrates upwards and outwards from the seam being mined and ultimately causes the subsidence and deformation of the ground surface. Methods are available to predict mining subsidence so that existing or proposed structures and land developments may be safeguarded. Ground investigative methods and geotechnical engineering options are also available for sites that have been or may be adversely affected by coal mining subsidence.","PeriodicalId":235435,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology Special Publications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122330049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2