发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
A ‘Northern Athens’? Cultural and intellectual life “北雅典”?文化和精神生活
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0004
Alice Johnson
{"title":"A ‘Northern Athens’? Cultural and intellectual life","authors":"Alice Johnson","doi":"10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"In the Victorian period, Belfast was known as the ‘Northern Athens’ – a title which referred to the city’s cultural and intellectual credentials. The term was still being used in the early twentieth century. Yet in the second half of the nineteenth century, as the city’s cultural societies struggled to survive, Belfast’s cultural claims were increasingly under question. By the end of the century it was felt that Belfast was now known more for its hard-headed business character than for its culture. This chapter assesses the cultural and intellectual life of Victorian Belfast and questions the validity of the ‘cultural centre to cultural desert’ narrative. It offers a nuanced discussion of the city’s cultural strengths and weaknesses and those of comparable provincial centres elsewhere. Cultural and scientific associations are examined in some detail; and theatre, music, literature and newspapers are all covered. In addition, the mental intellectual landscape of Belfast’s middle-class elite is discussed.","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"438 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126131810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conclusion 结论
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0009
Alice Johnson
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"Alice Johnson","doi":"10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"In British history, the period before the 1880s is sometimes known as the ‘high Victorian’ era – a time when the industrial revolution had blossomed into prosperity, when towns and cities built massive town halls and public buildings, when landmark reforms were taking place in parliamentary politics, when the British empire reached its zenith, and when confidence, innovation and dynamism abounded. It was also a period in which nonconformist and evangelical religion dominated the urban scene – across British towns and cities, philanthropic projects, Sunday School teaching, temperance and missions preoccupied thousands of middle-class citizens....","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128976355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A British or an Irish city? The identity of Victorian Belfast 英国城市还是爱尔兰城市?维多利亚贝尔法斯特的身份
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0008
Alice Johnson
{"title":"A British or an Irish city? The identity of Victorian Belfast","authors":"Alice Johnson","doi":"10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Nineteenth-century Belfast was an Irish city unlike any other. The only Irish city to experience the industrial revolution, it enjoyed unprecedented levels of growth while other Irish cities declined. During and after the Famine, the divergence between Belfast’s fortunes and those of other Irish towns and cities became increasingly obvious. Keenly aware of its distinctive position in Irish society, Victorian Belfast - ‘Linenopolis’ - developed a civic identity based on its industry and prosperity. It projected an image of economic strength, independence and energy and consciously allied itself with British industrial centres. At the same time, however, Belfast’s unusual situation gave rise to confusion about civic and national identity. Was Belfast British, or Irish? This chapter brings together the themes of civic identity and national identity, exploring how they interacted for this social group. Through an examination of the city’s identity, image and civic pride in the post-Repeal, pre-Home Rule period, it addresses the question of what made Belfast a distinctive culture.","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116931236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A divided city 分裂的城市
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0005
Alice Johnson
{"title":"A divided city","authors":"Alice Johnson","doi":"10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620313.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Belfast’s middle classes lived in a divided city. Politically, Belfast was divided for the period under review into Conservative and Liberal camps. Religious divisions existed between Protestants and Roman Catholics, and within Protestantism itself. Society was also separated into different classes, with the middle classes positioned above the working classes and below the aristocracy. Political, religious and class tensions existed in every industrial city, of course. However, in Belfast, religious division assumed a particularly ugly and bitter hue. This chapter focuses on an elite living in a society divided along lines of both class and religion. The relationship of Belfast’s elite to the city’s working classes and the local aristocracy is explored; while a discussion of Belfast’s middle-class Roman Catholic community assesses the extent to which it was integrated into the city’s elite. The chapter also examines the relationship between the middle classes and the city’s growing sectarianism.","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133877837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Portrait of a civic elite 公民精英的肖像
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.6
Alice Johnson
{"title":"Portrait of a civic elite","authors":"Alice Johnson","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.6","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter sketches a group portrait of Belfast’s middle-class elite, taking in geographical, religious and class origins, education, wealth, and standards of living. A key focus of this chapter is the mid-century civic elite: that is, those people who dominated municipal life in Belfast in the middle decades of the century. The chapter does, however, go beyond this group, using various case-studies to branch into a much broader discussion of middle-class wealth, standards of living and social mobility. It provides an overview of the Victorian middle-class community as a whole. A fresh look is cast on suburbanisation and how it affected Belfast’s middle-class community. Suburbanisation is a phenomenon related to social mobility and demographic and economic changes, and as such is highly relevant when studying a dynamic community over a period of time.","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129582998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
List of Illustrations 插图一览表
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.3
{"title":"List of Illustrations","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130409760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A ‘Northern Athens’? “北雅典”?
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.8
{"title":"A ‘Northern Athens’?","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124131257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lifestyle and recreation 生活方式和娱乐
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.10
Alice Johnson
{"title":"Lifestyle and recreation","authors":"Alice Johnson","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.10","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, personal and family papers are used to shed light on middle-class lifestyle, recreation and leisure, and the cultural norms and values underpinning them. In the Victorian period, Belfast’s inhabitants did not have a reputation for engaging in recreational or leisure pursuits. From the late eighteenth century onwards, what visitors tended to notice about Belfast’s middle-class residents was their industrious and business-focused attitude. Yet religion was central to middle-class identity across Britain throughout the nineteenth century: church membership, church attendance and church leadership were all defining features of middle-class life. The Belfast bourgeoisie also had time for cultural pursuits, socialising, summer holidays and travel. This chapter examines several aspects of middle-class leisure, including dancing, sports and summer holidays. It also overviews the religious culture that was such an important part of bourgeois ‘lifestyle’ and indeed identity.","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121493697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Women and family 妇女与家庭
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.11
Alice Johnson
{"title":"Women and family","authors":"Alice Johnson","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Using primary sources including diaries and letters, this chapter sheds considerable light on the female intellectual and cultural sphere. A wide-ranging discussion of middle-class women living in an Irish urban context is offered here. Although Victorian elite women left a much lighter record than that of men, private correspondence from the large Workman family and Mary Watts’ diary and biography provide a fascinating insight into the female sphere as it existed in the town. Women’s experience of education, culture, singleness, courtship, marriage, motherhood and philanthropy are all discussed in this chapter, raising questions about levels of female independence, self-worth and participation in the public sphere. Fatherhood and childhood are also discussed in this chapter.","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"07 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130151223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Index 指数
Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.15
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12pntp2.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":233803,"journal":{"name":"Middle-Class Life in Victorian Belfast","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127937887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：604180095
Book学术官方微信
小红书