{"title":"Health visiting in England: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Alison Morton, Cheryll Adams","doi":"10.1111/phn.13053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This focused review of evidence considers the impact of the pandemic in 2020 on families with children under 5 years in England, and the health visiting (HV) service that supports them. . Data were drawn from national surveys of health visitors (HVs) and parents, a freedom of information request of employers, published research, and national data. Framework analysis and triangulation, using the Key Elements of an effective HV service, were used to categorize the key findings. The findings from the review indicate that the impacts of the pandemic were wide-ranging and disproportionately affected the most disadvantaged families, increasing demand for HV support. HVs' ability to respond was compromised due to national policy decisions to partially stop the service and variations in local implementation including the redeployment of HVs, pre-existing workforce capacity issues, and the effectiveness of innovations to identify and support vulnerable families. The pandemic exacerbated factors that can lead to poorer outcomes for families. Key learning from the pandemic response, including the need to prioritize the HV service, must be acted upon to reduce ongoing impacts now and ensure that the service is equipped for future emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"820-830"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39751402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Doncy J Eapen, Rebecca Bergh, Sarah C Narendorf, Diane M Santa Maria
{"title":"Pregnancy and parenting support for youth experiencing homelessness.","authors":"Doncy J Eapen, Rebecca Bergh, Sarah C Narendorf, Diane M Santa Maria","doi":"10.1111/phn.13055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the perceptions and experiences related to pregnancy and parenting support among youth while homeless. This study employed a qualitative descriptive design using data collected from focus group discussions. We assessed the experiences and perceptions of youth related to pregnancy and parenting support. Eighty-one youth participated in eight focus group discussions and were recruited from shelters, drop-in centers, and organizations that serve youth in a large metropolitan areas in the southern United States. Thematic content analyses were used to generate results from the qualitative data. Four main themes emerged: youth encountered barriers to accessing healthcare services at the individual and system levels; pregnancy and parenting are stressful, especially during homelessness; support can help overcome the stresses of parenting; and embracing responsibility or \"stepping up\" is a positive influence of pregnancy and parenting during homelessness. Youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) face significant challenges to accessing healthcare services and adjusting to the parental role. Interventions for pregnant and parenting youth should be co-designed with and tailored for youth and address the existing health inequities within the healthcare and social service systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"728-735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39964030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementing a post-traumatic stress disorder screening for first responders in rural area.","authors":"Tak Yee Leung, Qiuhua Shen","doi":"10.1111/phn.13058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant public health problem especially among first responders who are routinely exposed to traumatic events. First responders in rural areas are faced with additional stressors. The purpose of this quality improvement program was to implement PTSD screening for first responders at a primary care concierge clinic.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Implementation of PTSD screening program among first responders was conducted from October to December 2020, using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 with Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 and Criterion A (PCL-5 with LEC-5 and Criterion A).</p><p><strong>Sample: </strong>First responders who visited the clinic during program implementation period.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>Numbers of PTSD screening, positive screening, positive PTSD symptoms, and referral.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-four first responders completed the PTSD screening. 23.5% (n = 8) of first responders were screened positive. Almost 80% of first responders reported experiencing at least one PSTD symptom (n = 27). Six of the eight screened positive first responders (75%) received a referral.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The standardized PTSD screening protocol utilizing PCL-5 was effective to identify first responders with PTSD. It can be integrated into the workflow of a primary care concierge clinic and help improving PTSD assessment in first responders and initiated referrals.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"788-796"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39913143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Public health nurses fostering self-help health promotion groups for older people.","authors":"Yayoi Hada, Hisako Izumi","doi":"10.1111/phn.13041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Public health nurses foster self-help groups that are intended to solve health problems and improve the health of older people. This study aims to clarify how public health nurses foster such self-help groups.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a qualitative study that utilizes one-to-one semi-structured interviews.</p><p><strong>Sample: </strong>The participants comprised 11 full-time public health nurses who had experience in fostering self-help groups and had at least 5 years of experience as public health nurses.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Interview transcripts were created, and a qualitative analysis was performed inductively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 33 themes, 14 theme clusters, and four categories were extracted. The categories were as follows: coordinating with relevant occupations and residents to collect community information and solve health problems, organizing classes from health promotion to member-centered group activities, ensuring group development support and establishing a support system, and supporting leaders behind the scenes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Public health nurses begin by gathering information about a given community and sharing local health problems with public health authorities and residents. The nurses build trusting partnerships with members and assign appropriate roles to them to better address their problems. Additionally, the nurses provide indirect group support by encouraging leaders as needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"812-819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39766974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helen Mulcahy, Carmel Brennan, Anne Pardy, Brenda McCormack, Julie Heslin
{"title":"Implementing public health nursing training for Ireland's National Healthy Childhood Programme.","authors":"Helen Mulcahy, Carmel Brennan, Anne Pardy, Brenda McCormack, Julie Heslin","doi":"10.1111/phn.13049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public health nurses (PHNs) in Ireland provide preventative child health. An evidence-based National Healthy Childhood Program (NHCP) has been in development since 2016. The final program implementation, including training all PHNs coincided with the Covid-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe implementation and evaluation of a blended training program for PHNs DESIGN: The evaluation used quantitative and qualitative methods underpinned by an implementation science framework to assess the training program. The three-phase blended training was led by a Training and Resources implementation team. Data from a national cohort of PHNs (n = 1671) who completed training were descriptively analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of PHNs completed a suite of four online units (phase 1), as well as self-directed and asynchronous content in phase 2. Results of phase 2 indicated it met participant needs in terms of knowledge but outstanding needs in terms of skills remained. Phase 3 (a modified Face to Face Clinical Skills Review) was completed by 1671 PHNs over a 5-month period in 2020. Evaluation was very positive in terms of organisation and usefulness for practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite challenges the NHCP training implementation goals were met. A well-designed blended learning training program met service delivery imperatives and PHN needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"839-846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9544183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39942474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana-Juana Pérez-Belloso, Pedro Montaño-Jiménez, José Algaba-Del-Castillo, Manuel Coheña-Jiménez
{"title":"Impact of foot health behavior among ethnic minority populations: A cross-sectional population-based study.","authors":"Ana-Juana Pérez-Belloso, Pedro Montaño-Jiménez, José Algaba-Del-Castillo, Manuel Coheña-Jiménez","doi":"10.1111/phn.13043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the impact of the foot health and health behavior and the characteristics of outdoor footwear among minority ethnic groups.</p><p><strong>Design and measures: </strong>A cross-sectional study design using the Foot Health Status Questionnaire: foot pain, foot function, shoe, general foot health, general health, physical activity, social capacity, and vigor. Outcomes included the self-reported type of outdoor footwear and clinical characteristics by sex were collected in 2019-2020.</p><p><strong>Sample: </strong>A total of 78 Roma participants self-identified as members of this ethnic minority and 72 participants non-Roma were assessed (n = 150).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lower score values was recorded in the footwear and general foot health domains in Roma population. General population obtained higher scores in general health domains. The most common outdoor footwear types were running shoes and walking shoes in non-Roma population, versus flip flops and slippers in Roma population. Clinical characteristics did not show any statistically significant differences (p < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Roma people wear flip flops and slippers and non-Roma people running shoes and walking shoes. These findings reveal cultural differences that make it easier for the Roma population to experience a greater burden of foot health problems. General foot health and foot pain dimensions show statistically significant differences among ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"736-743"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39785608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The first line of prevention: A public health nursing advocacy video.","authors":"Janita M Schaer, Lisa A Campbell, Laura J Thomas","doi":"10.1111/phn.13013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public health nurses (PHNs) serve as the first line of prevention in public health and safety threats such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Although PHNs provide vital services to protect communities and populations' health, a pervasive lack of knowledge exists regarding the PHN role among policymakers and the general public. Advocacy for investment in the public health nursing workforce remains a priority as staffing and financial constraints have created sizeable barriers for PHNs during the COVID-19 response. Creating an advocacy video with personal stories from PHNs emerges as a powerful and cost-effective strategy to increase the visibility of PHNs. For this project, interviews with PHNs from COVID-19 hot spots were used to create a 3-min advocacy video. PHNs featured in this video discussed the implications of rerouting resources to combat COVID-19 for the populations they serve. The authors disseminated the video through popular social media venues, public health and nursing organizations and nurse influencers to reach nursing students, faculty, and the public. Over an 8-week period, the video received 2732 views on social media with an average view duration of 2 min. This article includes strategies to maximize the impact of an advocacy video when shared with relevant stakeholders.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"677-682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39798567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Translation of novel antiemetic to sub-Saharan Africa using diffusion of innovation framework.","authors":"Linda W Bostwick, Jane D Champion","doi":"10.1111/phn.12992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Studies indicate inhaled isopropyl alcohol (IIA) is effective or superior to ondansetron for adult patients. Although quick-acting and low cost, it cannot be assumed this remedy is suitable for adoption in all settings. We explored how an innovative antiemetic remedy studied in the United States translates to a sub-Saharan Africa clinic/hospital setting using Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Framework.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Qualitative design with purposive sampling.</p><p><strong>Sample: </strong>Health care staff (n = 11) providing and community members (n = 22) accessing health care services in a sub-Saharan Africa clinic/hospital.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Semi-structured interviews with coding and identification of themes via deductive content analysis using Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nausea and vomiting was a common complaint, with malaria the most common etiology. Participants emphasized treatment of etiology over symptomatic treatment and described previous aromatherapy use. IIA advantages included administration route, quick-acting, self-administration, portable, available, and easy trialability. Participants expressed concerns regarding use of term \"alcohol\" as potentially offensive to others.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation framework identified barriers and facilitators to translation of a novel antiemetic remedy for sub-Saharan Africa clinic/hospital settings. Evaluating clinical innovations from perspectives of relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability enhances adoption of innovations within clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"528-535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39549108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Valdes, Jacob Martinez, Narciso Quidley-Rodriguez, Deborah Salani, Elias Provencio-Vasquez, Joseph P De Santis
{"title":"Interventions for Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men: Critical appraisal.","authors":"Beatriz Valdes, Jacob Martinez, Narciso Quidley-Rodriguez, Deborah Salani, Elias Provencio-Vasquez, Joseph P De Santis","doi":"10.1111/phn.13022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Some interventions have been developed and tested to reduce high risk sexual behaviors among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (MSM). The purpose of this paper is to critically appraise published interventions designed to reduce high risk sexual behaviors among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM.</p><p><strong>Design/sample/measurement: </strong>A critical appraisal of published interventions designed to reduce high risk sexual behaviors among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM was conducted. Using guidelines established by the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Rating Scale published research articles were categorized and evaluated using these guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The critical appraisal identified nine intervention studies that met all inclusion criteria. The critical appraisal of these interventions highlighted strengths and weaknesses of these interventions which should be considered when developing future interventions to decrease high risk sexual practices among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While several interventions have been created to specifically address HIV infection among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM, these interventions were varied. Suggestions for future intervention development to decrease high risk sexual behaviors among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM based on the findings of the critical appraisal of the literature are included.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"572-585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39958625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allison D Crawford, Lisa Cleveland, Jacqueline M McGrath, Andrea Berndt
{"title":"Systemic inequities and depressive symptomology in Hispanic mothers: A path analysis model.","authors":"Allison D Crawford, Lisa Cleveland, Jacqueline M McGrath, Andrea Berndt","doi":"10.1111/phn.12968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hispanic mothers are one of the largest groups to give birth. They also experience high rates of morbidity and mortality; however, there is limited data related to their health inequities.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate systemic inequities associated with discrimination using the Reproductive Justice Framework to observe factors that influenced depressive symptomology in Hispanic women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A path analysis was conducted to evaluate systemic inequities that influenced postpartum depression using the public database, Listening to Mothers III (LMIII). The sub-sample consisted of n = 406 Hispanic mothers. Data was initially collected between the years 2011 and 2013.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hispanic mothers were more likely to experience occurrences of perceived discrimination while seeking perinatal healthcare. These occurrences of discrimination led to lower trust in their healthcare providers, lower satisfaction with care, more instances of unwanted medical procedures, the need to feel to hold back comments about their health which ultimately resulted in higher rates of self-reported postpartum depression. The model fit indices supported the model's plausibility (χ<sup>2</sup> /df ratio = 3.16, Comparative Fit Index = 0.91, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This data supported our hypothesis that the pathway of discriminatory barriers Hispanic mothers experience during pregnancy influence postpartum depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":233433,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)","volume":" ","pages":"519-527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/phn.12968","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39423461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}