Thorax最新文献

{"title":"Is this the unified asthma guideline we've been waiting for?","authors":"Hitasha Rupani","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2025-223056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2025-223056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and asthma hospital admissions in children in Copenhagen, Denmark.","authors":"Marie Bergmann,Zorana J Andersen,Andreas Massling,Steffen Loft,Thomas Cole-Hunter,Claus Nordstrøm,Stéphane Tuffier,Jiawei Zhang,Youn-Hee Lim","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2024-222465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2024-222465","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDUltrafine particles (UFP; <0.1 µm in diameter) are not regulated or commonly monitored but may be harmful to human health, particularly for children. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between short-term exposure to UFP and asthma hospital admissions in children.METHODSDaily UFP concentrations (2002-2018) were monitored at an urban background station in Copenhagen, Denmark. Asthma hospital admissions, demographic and socioeconomic information of children (0-18 years) were obtained from registries. A case-crossover design was applied to estimate the association between hospital admissions and up to 6-day UFP exposure windows for all children, and stratified by age, sex, family income, mother's education, prior asthma or prior respiratory infection.RESULTSWe observed 15 903 asthma hospital admissions in total. An IQR increase in UFP was significantly associated with asthma hospital admissions, strongest at 2-day exposure windows (risk ratio (RR): 1.17 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.25)). These associations remained unchanged when adjusting for particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) or nitrogen dioxide (NO2), for which we also detected significant positive associations. Associations with UFP were stronger for school-aged children (5-14 years: RR: 1.26 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.38)) than for children younger than 5 years (1.01 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.10)).CONCLUSIONSIn this large study in a low-exposure setting, we find that short-term exposure to UFP can trigger asthma hospital admissions in children, independently of associations with PM2.5 or NO2. This study adds evidence calling for the regulation and improvement of UFP exposure assessment to protect children's health in urban areas.","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future risk projection to engage 'near-miss' individuals in lung cancer screening eligibility: an analysis of ILST data.","authors":"Chellan Kumarasamy,Kim Betts,Richard Norman,Annette McWilliams,Emily Stone,David C L Lam,Renee Manser,Paul Fogarty,Henry M Marshall,Stephen Lam,Martin Tammemagi,Kwun M Fong,Sukhinder Atkar-Khattra,Fraser Brims","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2024-222098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2024-222098","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONLung cancer risk increases with time, and participants who are initially ineligible for lung cancer screening (LCS) could become eligible later. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of people (initially ineligible) who may become eligible in a risk model-based LCS programme and the impact smoking cessation could have on this cohort.METHODSAll potential participants for the International Lung Screening Trial aged 55-80 years, ineligible for Low-dose CT screening at baseline (PLCOm2012<1.5% 6-year risk), were included. Assuming annual increments of change in age, smoking duration and quit time, and under the assumption of other risk variables being constant, projections of risk were made using the PLCOm2012 model from evaluation to the upper age limit of 80 years.RESULTS4451 subjects with a median age of 61 (IQR: 57-66) years were included. Assuming no change in smoking status post evaluation, 2239 participants (50.3%) became eligible (PLCOm2012≥1.51%) by age 80, with 26.9% and 38.7% of the cohort reaching eligibility by age 70 and 75 years, respectively. Among participants with a baseline risk≥0.6%, 1518 (34.1%) reached eligibility within 10 years of initial evaluation. Smoking cessation after first evaluation can reduce the proportion of individuals who may become eligible for LCS by age 70 from 68.7% to 24.9%.CONCLUSIONSFuture risk projection of eligibility could provide a time window for reassessment of risk on an individual level. It is important to provide smoking cessation services to individuals who are ineligible for LCS at the initial programme contact.","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the current occupational exposure limit effectively prevent the risk of silicosis?","authors":"Tingming Shi,Hai Zhang,Ming Zhao","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2025-223167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2025-223167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How opaque is ground glass on chest imaging?","authors":"Na'ama Avitzur,Daniel-Costin Marinescu,Christopher J Ryerson","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2025-223249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2025-223249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'It runs in the family': the importance of genetics in pneumothorax.","authors":"Fathimath Farah Shiham,Steven Walker","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2025-223318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2025-223318","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left upper lobe tumour and consolidations with extensive nodular calcification in a woman with fever.","authors":"Hao-Chun Chang,Chen-Tu Wu,Shang-Chun Wu,Chin-Hsing Chen,Yih-Leong Chang","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2025-223279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2025-223279","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case of hot tub lung showing a shadow distribution consistent with unequal ventilation.","authors":"Takefumi Nikaido,Yoshinori Tanino,Kojiro Ono,Riko Sato,Yoko Shibata","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2025-223049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2025-223049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"267 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early life inflammation in CF: can it be reversed by CFTR modulators?","authors":"Jasleen Kaur Matta,Bradley S Quon","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2025-223225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2025-223225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability in sensitivity to inflammation in muscle and lung of patients with COPD may underlie susceptibility to lung function decline","authors":"Paul R Kemp, Mark Griffiths, Michael I Polkey, Amanda Sathyapala","doi":"10.1136/thorax-2024-221901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2024-221901","url":null,"abstract":"Background Muscle wasting and weakness (sarcopenia) are commonly associated with COPD causing frailty and reduced quality of life. The contribution of inflammation to muscle loss and the susceptibility to rapid lung function decline is debated. We hypothesised that comparing the muscle transcriptome to circulating inflammatory cytokine profiles in patients would identify any contribution of systemic inflammation to muscle atrophy. Methods Quadriceps differential gene expression was determined between mild-COPD (n=28) and severe-COPD (n=51) using GSE100281. These microarray data were compared by biweight mid-correlation with lung function and plasma cytokine levels from the same patients. Results Patients with severe COPD had reduced fat-free mass index (a measurement of muscle mass) compared with patients with mild COPD despite similar physical activity and inflammatory cytokine levels. Gene sets associated with inflammation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) were elevated in severe COPD, suggesting that inflammation may contribute to the loss of muscle mass. In patients with severe COPD, EMT and inflammation gene sets were strongly associated with circulating proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, in patients with mild COPD, anti-inflammatory cytokines showed negative associations with these gene sets and associations with proinflammatory cytokines were weak. In data from lung and blood samples, patients with severe COPD had elevated inflammatory and EMT gene expression compared with patients with mild COPD suggesting that this phenomenon is not muscle-specific. Conclusions In patients at the severe end of the COPD spectrum, the proinflammatory response in muscle predominates, whereas in patients at the mild end of the spectrum, the anti-inflammatory response predominates. This suggestion needs confirming in a longitudinal cohort. Data are available on reasonable request. The array data sets containing the expression data are freely available on the NCBI gene expression omnibus (<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/>). Data relating to physiology and circulating cytokine levels are available on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":23284,"journal":{"name":"Thorax","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}