Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh最新文献

{"title":"IV.—Supplementary Report on the Hydroids of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition","authors":"J. Ritchie, W. S. Bruce","doi":"10.1017/S0080456800011881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800011881","url":null,"abstract":"Since the report on the Hydroids collected by the Scotia was completed, almost three years ago, I have had an opportunity, thanks to the kindness of Dr W. S. Bruce, of looking through the enormous mass of material brought together by him during his Antarctic voyages. The search, begun in the hope of finding a few minute species—which, since many are epizoic on other forms of marine life, might readily be overlooked on cursory examination—has resulted in the addition of no less than 25 forms to the 36 already recorded. Deducting from this total of 61 forms two varieties, it appears that the Scotia collection contains in all 59 distinct species. Few, indeed, of these have been obtained in truly Antarctic latitudes—subantarctic or temperate seas having furnished the greater number—but this result is in accordance with the findings of the majority of the recent Antarctic expeditions. Dr Billard, in summarising the results of the Belgian, Swedish, and French expeditions, states that the known Hydroid fauna of Antarctic regions comprises only 32 species. But from his list he has, I think unjustly, excluded South Georgian records. His list, moreover, published before the valuable paper by Professor Hickson and Mr Gravely on the Discovery Hydroids was issued, necessarily makes no reference to the large number of forms recorded by them from Victoria Land.","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86943030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XIV.—Apparatus for Measuring Strain and Applying Stress, with an Account of some Experiments on the Behaviour of Iron and Steel under Stress","authors":"E. G. Coker","doi":"10.1017/s0080456800034323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0080456800034323","url":null,"abstract":"The behaviour of metals under stress has long been the subject of investigation, both by mathematicians and physicists, so that the laws of strength are tolerably complete. Owing to the importance of iron and steel in construction, these materials have been subjected to very extensive tests, particularly in simple tension and compression. Numerous tests of cylindrical iron and steel bars in torsion are also available, the bulk of these being tests to destruction of samples of material used in actual machines and structures designed by engineers. In such tests scientific accuracy is not of much importance, the chief consideration being the obtaining of sufficient data for use in design. The most accurate torsional work upon iron and steel has been the work of physicists, and nearly all their investigations have been conducted upon specimens of very small sectional area; the reasons for this, no doubt, being that such specimens in the form of wires are easily obtainable, and of great uniformity in size and quality, while large test pieces are costly to prepare, and, moreover, cause considerable difficulty in testing, because of the magnitude of the forces involved. Owing to the mode of manufacture, the physical properties of wire often differ to a considerable extent from turned specimens of iron and steel. These differences may be caused by the hardening effect of the drawing, minute cracks in the wires, want of roundness, and the like. It therefore appeared probable that experiments on the lines indicated by physicists would be of some service, and it was with this idea that the investigation was commenced.","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81512600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XIV. On the Specific Heat of the Gases","authors":"W. Esq.","doi":"10.1017/S0080456800024261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800024261","url":null,"abstract":"The experiments which I now submit to the Royal Society are repetitions of those I made many months ago, for the purpose of ascertaining the Specific Heats of the Gases. The importance of the subject so impressed my mind, that I determined to spare no pains in the prosecution of the inquiry, and therefore I willingly withheld my first experiments from the public eye, until, by a fresh series, I might present them with the greater confidence. The apparatus employed in these experiments was calculated to operate upon greater quantities of the Gases than the former one, and as every precaution which had been suggested was adopted, they have, perhaps, given even more decisive results than the last. The results themselves, however, are in every important particular exactly the same. It is also but justice to myself to state, that the conclusions which the former experiments led to, were exactly the reverse of what I had anticipated, and that they seemed at the time totally opposed to the doctrines of Black and Crawford, which I am still disposed to credit to a limited degree.","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80128960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XI. Description of a Barometer, which marks the Rise and Fall of the Mercury from two different Times of Observation","authors":"A. Edin.","doi":"10.1017/S0080456800030842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800030842","url":null,"abstract":"In August last, I read to this Society the Description of an Air Thermometer intended to record the various degrees of heat at every instant; and mentioned my intention of constructing a barometer, which would, in the same manner, record the variations of the weight of the atmosphere: Both which I proposed to adapt to one piece of clock-work. This piece of machinery appearing too complicated and expensive for general use, I contrived a thermometer, which marks the extreme points of heat and cold from any two times of observation. Of which instrument I also lately read an account, and produced the machine itself.","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85280660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X. Description of a Thermometer, which marks the greatest Degree of Heat and Cold, from one Time of Observation to another, and may also register its own Height at every Instant","authors":"A. Edin.","doi":"10.1080/14786449808676878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786449808676878","url":null,"abstract":"Thermometers have hitherto been defective for meteorological purposes, in so far as they only point out the degree of heat at the moment of inspecting them, but do not show what the difference of temperature has been, from the time of one observation to that of another: Nor has any instrument been yet constructed, so far as I have been able to learn, which will record the intermediate degrees of heat. The ingenious Robert Hook, in the end of the last century, mentions his intention of making a thermometer for the above purpose ; but it does not appear that it was ever executed: Neither does he explain how it was to have been done.","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81574379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XXXII. On the Products of the Destructive Distillation of Animal Substances. Part I","authors":"T. A. Esq.","doi":"10.1017/S0080456800022432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800022432","url":null,"abstract":"In April 1846, I communicated to the Royal Society a paper on a new organic base, to which I gave the name of Picoline, and which occurs in coal-tar, associated with the Pyrrol, Kyanol, and Leukol of Runge. In that paper I pointed out that the properties of picoline resembled, in many respects, those of a base which Unverdorben had previously extracted from Dippel's animal oil, and described under the name of Odorine; and more especially mentioned their solubility in water, and property of forming crystallisable salts with chloride of gold, as characters in which these substances approximated very closely to one another. And further, I detailed a few experiments on the odorine of Unverdorben extracted from Dippel's oil, with the view of ascertaining whether or not they were actually identical, but on too small a scale to admit of a definite solution of the question.","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75788672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300231618-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300231618-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79906177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Diurnal Variations of the Barometer","authors":"F.R.A.S. John Knox Laugrton","doi":"10.1002/QJ.4970021107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/QJ.4970021107","url":null,"abstract":"A Comparison of some Observations on the Diurnal Variations of the Barometer, made in Peyrouse's Voyage round the world, with those made at Calcutta by Dr Balfour was read by Professor Playfair.","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82023352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300128253-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300128253-015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80401709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Index","authors":"J. Dougall","doi":"10.1515/9781503618954-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781503618954-014","url":null,"abstract":"Abdomen, infections of, fluoroquinolones in, 724-725 injuries of, infection following, antibiotics for, 787 Acne, treatment, 553 Acylaminopenicillin(s), 661-665. See also Ureidopenicillinis). Age, as factor in antibacterial agent effects in children, 562 Alpha phase, 486 Aminoglycoside(s), pharmacokinetics of, 487 in pregnancy, 643-644 in renal failure, 595, 606 resistance to, 512-518 Aminopenicillin, 655 Amoxicillin, in children, 566 Amoxicillin-elavulanic acid, 671-673 administration of, 673 clinical use of, 673 pharmacokinetics of, 672 spectrum of activity of, 671-672 toxicity of, 672 Ampicillin, in children, 566 Ampicillin-sulbactam, 674-676 administration of, 675-676 clinical use of, 675 pharmacokinetics of, 674-675 spectrum of activity of, 674 toxicity of, 675 Anaerobe(s), susceptibility testing of, 464 Antibacterial agents. See Antibiotics. Antibiotics, activity of, 484-486 adjuncts to, 769-781 bactericidal activity of, 534-535 blockers of inflammatory response in sepsis, 778 in children, 561-574. See also Children, antibacterial agents in. in CNS infections, 615-627 in the elderly, 575-590. See also Elderly, antibiotics in. failure of, 542 fetal effects, 641 in infection prevention, 783-804 endocarditis, 796-800 during surgical procedures, 783-789 inhibitory activity of, 532-534 determination of, 465 MBC of, 484-486 in meningitis, 615-627. See also Meningitis, antibiotics in. MIC of, 484-486, 532-534 monitoring of, 541-542 in ocular infections, 627-634. See also Evei»), infections of antibiotics in. pathogens resistant to, 497-530 hospital-acquired, 510-518 mechanisms of dissemination of resistance genes, 501-502 mechanisms of resistance, 497-500 types of resistance, 498 pharmacodynamics of, 489-494, 540-541 classification based on, 483 pharmacokinetics of, 486-488, 535-539 in pregnancy, 639-651. See also Pregnancy, antibiotics in. in renal failure, 591-614 selection and uses of, principles of, 531545 susceptibility testing of, 463-481, 532535. See also Susceptibility testing, of antibiotics. topical, 547-559 Antifungal agents, susceptibility testing of, 464-465 Antimicrobial agents. See Antibiotics. Antiseptics, description and uses of, 554 Apalcillin, 665 Appendectomy, antibiotics for infection prevention during, 786-787 Aural infections, treatment, 553-554 Azithromycin,731-745","PeriodicalId":23232,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76911624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}