IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153971

{"title":"Cadmium-induced lung injury disrupts immune cell homeostasis in the secondary lymphoid organs in mice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known toxic heavy metal that poses significant health risks, particularly through inhalation, smoking, and the consumption of contaminated food. Exposure to cadmium is linked to the development and exacerbation of chronic lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study investigated the systemic effects of intratracheal cadmium chloride (0.5 mg/kg) instillation in C57BL/6 mice. All parameters, including inflammation assessment, lung function evaluation (using Flexi-vent), and immunophenotyping of T-cells in secondary lymphoid organs (mediastinal lymph nodes and spleen), were analyzed 14 days after cadmium exposure. The results demonstrated that cadmium exposure led to significant immune cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, altered pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and was associated with impaired lung function, characterized by increased lung resistance and Newtonian resistance. Analysis of T-cell populations revealed no significant changes in total T-cells in mediastinal lymph nodes and spleen, but a decrease in CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cells and an increase in CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells were observed. These findings suggest that cadmium disrupts T-cell homeostasis in secondary lymphoid organs. Further research is crucial to elucidate the mechanisms underlying cadmium-induced lung injury and immune dysregulation, essential for developing effective therapeutic interventions against chronic lung diseases caused by cadmium exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23159,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heavy metal contamination of the Nigerian environment from e-waste management: A systematic review of exposure pathway and attendant pathophysiological implications 电子废物管理对尼日利亚环境造成的重金属污染：对接触途径和相关病理生理学影响的系统回顾。

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153966

{"title":"Heavy metal contamination of the Nigerian environment from e-waste management: A systematic review of exposure pathway and attendant pathophysiological implications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nigerian environment has become a depository of worrisome levels of toxicants including heavy metals. Electrical and electronic equipment which leads to the generation of e-waste is one of the considerable sources of environmental contaminants in Nigeria. This systematic review deployed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method to analyze various empirical and quantitative outputs on heavy metal components of e-waste management sites in Nigeria and investigated the distribution of heavy metals in several environmental matrices such as soil, water, surface dust, plant and blood of e-waste scavengers. Also, the probable environmental multi-transformation that ultimately potentiates the susceptibility of humans to the pathophysiological effects and genetic related disorders of exposure to heavy metal component of e-waste was discussed. The relative abundance of metals in soils due to inappropriate e-waste handling is given as follow: Fe>Cu>Pb>Zn>Mn>Co>Cr>Ni>As>Cd, in underground and surface water: Zn>Fe>Cu>Cr>Mn>Pb>Hg>Ni>Co>Cd>As; in surface dusts: Fe>Zn>Pb>Cu>Mn>Cr>Ni>Cd>Co; in plants: Pb>Cu>Mn>Zn>Ni>Cr>Cd obtained from the Nigerian environment. Moreso, the estimated abundance of heavy metals in the blood of e-waste scavengers is Nigeria is given as Cr>Cd>Hg>Zn>As>Pb>Cu>Mn>Fe. Conclusively, this study does not only show that various matrices of Nigerian environment is contaminated with heavy metal but also that the pattern of abundance differ in the environment and in biological systems with the latter having the abundance of Pb, Cr and Cd and the former having the abundance of Cu, Zn and Fe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23159,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142393620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New insights into the toxicity of lanthanides with functional genomics 功能基因组学对镧系元素毒性的新认识。

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153967

引用次数: 0

Effects of 28-day nose-only inhalation of PCB52 (2,2′,5,5′-Tetrachlorobiphenyl) on the brain transcriptome 28 天鼻吸 PCB52（2,2',5,5'- 四氯联苯）对脑转录组的影响

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153965

{"title":"Effects of 28-day nose-only inhalation of PCB52 (2,2′,5,5′-Tetrachlorobiphenyl) on the brain transcriptome","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A semi-volatile polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener, PCB52, is present in the indoor air of schools; however, the effects of inhaled PCB52 on the brain have not been investigated. This study exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats at 39 days of age and female rats at 42 days of age to PCB52 for 4 hours per day over 28 consecutive days through nose-only inhalation. Neurobehavioral tests were conducted during the last 5 days of exposure. The total estimated PCB52 exposures after 28 days were 1080±20 µg/kg BW for male rats and 1140±10 µg/kg BW for female rats. PCB52 and its metabolites were detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the brain, lung, and serum, with the lung showing the highest concentrations. PCB52 levels were higher in the brains of females than males. Males showed increased exploratory behavior compared to controls, whereas females exhibited decreased exploratory behavior compared to controls in the same tests. PCB52 exposure did not impact locomotor activity or working memory. Gene expression and pathway analysis in the striatum and cerebellum suggest that PCB52 inhalation causes mitochondrial dysfunction. No significant differences were observed by immunohistochemical evaluation in the density and percent area of total cells, astrocytes, or microglia in the striatum and cerebellar cortex. Our results indicate multilevel effects of inhaled PCB52 on the rat brain, from gene expression to behavioral effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23159,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Edible vegetables grown in the vicinity of electronic wastes: A study of potential health risks and DNA damage in consumers 在电子垃圾附近种植的食用蔬菜：对消费者潜在健康风险和 DNA 损伤的研究。

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153963

{"title":"Edible vegetables grown in the vicinity of electronic wastes: A study of potential health risks and DNA damage in consumers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a growing concern on the health effect of edible plants growing near/on/within the vicinity of dumpsites. This study investigated two edible vegetables: <em>Amarathus hybridus</em> and <em>Talinum triangulare</em> (Jacq) grown in the vicinity of a major informal dumpsite of electronic waste in Nigeria. The levels of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and heavy metal concentrations in the vegetables were measured. The health risks of consuming the vegetables were assessed using the hazard index (HI), lifetime cancer risk (LCR), estimated daily intake (EDI), and hazard quotient (HQ). Using the Ames <em>Salmonella</em> fluctuation test on <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em> (TA100 and TA98) and the SOS chromo test on <em>Escherichia coli</em> (PQ37), the mutagenicity and genotoxicity of the vegetables were evaluated. The two vegetables have elevated levels of heavy metals, PBDEs, PCBs, and hazardous PAHs. Compared to <em>A. hybridus</em>, <em>T. triangulare</em> was more contaminated. The amounts of organic constituents and heavy metals in the vegetables correlated favorably. The levels of the HQ, HI, and LCR were above the suggested guideline values, indicating a significant risk of both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic consequences, particularly in children. The two vegetables were mutagenic even at 50 % concentration in the Ames test. This was corroborated with SOS-chromo test results showing that the two vegetables were indeed genotoxic. This study demonstrated the harmful effects of growing food crops close to dumpsites; therefore, sufficient measures should be implemented to stop farmers and individuals from utilizing dirt from dumps as fertilizer or from planting in soil that has been used as a dump in the past or present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23159,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive toxicological analysis of panel of unregulated e-cigarettes to human health 未受管制的电子烟对人体健康的全面毒理学分析。

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153964

{"title":"A comprehensive toxicological analysis of panel of unregulated e-cigarettes to human health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electronic cigarettes, commonly referred to as e-cigarettes have gained popularity over recent years especially among young individuals. In the light of the escalating prevalence of the use of these products and their potential for long-term health effects, in this study as the first of its kind a comprehensive toxicological profiling of the liquid from a panel of unregulated e-cigarettes seized in the UK was undertaken using an <em>in vitro</em> co-culture model of the upper airways. The data showed that e-cigarettes caused a dose dependent increase in cell death and inflammation manifested by enhanced release of IL1ß and IL6. Furthermore, the e-cigarettes induced oxidative stress as demonstrated by a reduction of intracellular glutathione and an increase in generation of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, the assessment of genotoxicity showed significant DNA strand breaks (following exposure to Tigerblood flavoured e-cigarette). Moreover, relevant to the toxicological observations, was the detection of varying and frequently high levels of hazardous metals including cadmium, copper, nickel and lead. This study highlights the importance of active and ongoing collaborations between academia, governmental organisations and policy makers (Trading standards, Public Health) and national health service in tackling vape addiction and better informing the general public regarding the risks associated with e-cigarette usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23159,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LGALS3 regulates endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis 在二氧化硅诱导的肺纤维化中，LGALS3通过PI3K/AKT信号通路调控内皮细胞向间质转化。

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153962

引用次数: 0

In vitro and in silico characterization of the transport of selected perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids by human organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), OAT2 and OAT3 人类有机阴离子转运体 1 (OAT1)、OAT2 和 OAT3 转运特定全氟烷基羧酸和全氟烷基磺酸的体外和硅学特征。

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153961

{"title":"In vitro and in silico characterization of the transport of selected perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids by human organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), OAT2 and OAT3","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs) belong to the group of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which may accumulate in humans due to their limited excretion. To provide more insights into the active renal excretion potential of PFASs in humans, this work investigated <em>in vitro</em> the transport of three PFCAs (PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA) and three PFSAs (PFBS, PFHxS and PFOS) using OAT1-, OAT2- or OAT3-transduced human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. Only PFHpA and PFOA showed clear uptake in OAT1-transduced HEK cells, while no transport was observed for PFASs in OAT2-transduced HEK cells. In OAT3-transduced HEK cells only PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, and PFHxS showed clear uptake. To study the interaction with the transporters, molecular docking and dynamics simulations were performed for PFHpA and PFHxS, for which a relatively short and long half-lives in humans has been reported, respectively. Docking analyses could not always distinguish the <em>in vitro</em> transported from the non-transported PFASs (PFHpA vs. PFHxS), whereas molecular dynamic simulations could, as only a stable interaction of the PFAS with the inner part of transporter mouth was detected for those that were transported <em>in vitro</em> (PFHpA with OAT1, none with OAT2, and PFHpA and PFHxS with OAT3). Altogether, this study presents <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> insight with respect to the selected PFASs transport by the human renal secretory transporters OAT1, OAT2, and OAT3, which provides further understanding about the differences between the capability of PFAS congeners to accumulate in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23159,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prenatal exposure to low doses of benzophenone-3 elicits disruption of cortical vasculature in fetuses through perturbations in Wnt/β-catenin signaling correlating with depression-like behavior in offspring mice 产前暴露于低剂量的二苯甲酮-3会通过扰乱Wnt/β-catenin信号转导引起胎儿皮质血管的破坏，这与后代小鼠的抑郁样行为有关。

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153960

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to low doses of benzophenone-3 elicits disruption of cortical vasculature in fetuses through perturbations in Wnt/β-catenin signaling correlating with depression-like behavior in offspring mice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benzophenone-3 (BP-3), commonly used in personal care products, is routinely detected in environmental and human matrices. Evidence delineates a correlation between gestational BP-3 exposure and emotional and social disorders in children and adolescents. However, sensitive target cells and the mode of action underlying the early responses to environmentally relevant level of BP-3 exposure remain unclear. In this study, 0.3 and 3 mg/kg of BP-3 were administered to pregnant mice. Compared with the control group, the cortical blood vessel development process manifested the highest susceptibility to BP-3 exposure using transcriptomic sequencing at embryonic day 14 (E14). Notably, the diminution in vascular density and tight junction proteins presence was observed in the fetal cortex at E14, concomitant with the suppressed transcriptional activity of genes essential to angiogenesis and barrier formation. Strikingly, the investigation revealed that BP-3 exposure impeded vascular sprouting in aortic ring explants and neuroendothelial migration, implicating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, BP-3 exposure compromised perivascular neural stem cell differentiation. Cortical vascular injury correlated with the exhibition of depression-like behavior in four-week postnatal progeny. These insights underscore the cerebrovasculature as an early sensitive target for low doses of BP-3 exposure, fostering the development of biomarkers and the establishment of the adverse outcome pathway framework for BP-3 hazard evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23159,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advanced understanding of the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): Insights from total environment to intoxication 对多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的深入了解：从整体环境到中毒的洞察力。

IF 4.8 3区医学

Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153959

{"title":"Advanced understanding of the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): Insights from total environment to intoxication","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tox.2024.153959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated compounds connected by ester bonds between two benzene rings. There are 209 congeners of PBDEs, classified according to the number and position of the bromine atoms. Due to their low cost and superior flame retardant properties, PBDEs have been extensively used as flame retardants in electronic products, plastics, textiles, and other materials since the 1970s. PBDEs are classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention because of their environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity to both humans and wildlife. Due to their extensive use and significant quantities, PBDEs have been detected across a range of environments and biological organisms. These compounds are known to cause damage to the metabolic system, exhibit neurotoxicity, and pose reproductive hazards. This review investigates the environmental distribution and human exposure pathways of PBDEs. Using China—a country with significant PBDE use—as an example, it highlights substantial regional and temporal variations in PBDE concentrations and notes that certain environmental levels may pose risks to human health. The article then examines the toxic effects and mechanisms of PBDEs on several major target organs, summarizing recent research and the specific mechanisms underlying these toxic effects from multiple toxicological perspectives. This review enhances our understanding of PBDEs' environmental distribution, exposure pathways, and toxic mechanisms, offering valuable insights for further research and management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23159,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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