Summit on Advances in Programming Languages最新文献

{"title":"From Theory to Systems: A Grounded Approach to Programming Language Education","authors":"Will Crichton","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2019.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2019.4","url":null,"abstract":"I present a new approach to teaching a graduate-level programming languages course focused on using systems programming ideas and languages like WebAssembly and Rust to motivate PL theory. Drawing on students' prior experience with low-level languages, the course shows how type systems and PL theory are used to avoid tricky real-world errors that students encounter in practice. I reflect on the curricular design and lessons learned from two years of teaching at Stanford, showing that integrating systems ideas can provide students a more grounded and enjoyable education in programming languages. The curriculum, course notes, and assignments are freely available: this http URL","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125643241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking Types for Multi-Language Software: Have Your Cake and Eat It Too","authors":"Daniel Patterson, Amal J. Ahmed","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.12","url":null,"abstract":"Software developers compose systems from components written in many different languages. A business-logic component may be written in Java or OCaml, a resource-intensive component in C or Rust, and a high-assurance component in Coq. In this multi-language world, program execution sends values from one linguistic context to another. This boundary-crossing exposes values to contexts with unforeseen behavior---that is, behavior that could not arise in the source language of the value. For example, a Rust function may end up being applied in an ML context that violates the memory usage policy enforced by Rust's type system. This leads to the question of how developers ought to reason about code in such a multi-language world where behavior inexpressible in one language is easily realized in another. \u0000This paper proposes the novel idea of linking types to address the problem of reasoning about single-language components in a multi-lingual setting. Specifically, linking types allow programmers to annotate where in a program they can link with components inexpressible in their unadulterated language. This enables developers to reason about (behavioral) equality using only their own language and the annotations, even though their code may be linked with code written in a language with more expressive power.","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122759928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AP: Artificial Programming","authors":"Rishabh Singh, Pushmeet Kohli","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.16","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to automatically discover a program consistent with a given user intent (specification) is the holy grail of Computer Science. While significant progress has been made on the so-called problem of Program Synthesis, a number of challenges remain; particularly for the case of synthesizing richer and larger programs. This is in large part due to the difficulty of search over the space of programs. In this paper, we argue that the above-mentioned challenge can be tackled by learning synthesizers automatically from a large amount of training data. We present a first step in this direction by describing our novel synthesis approach based on two neural architectures for tackling the two key challenges of Learning to understand partial input-output specifications and Learning to search programs. The first neural architecture called the Spec Encoder computes a continuous representation of the specification, whereas the second neural architecture called the Program Generator incrementally constructs programs in a hypothesis space that is conditioned by the specification vector. The key idea of the approach is to train these architectures using a large set of (spec,P) pairs, where P denotes a program sampled from the DSL L and spec denotes the corresponding specification satisfied by P. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on two preliminary instantiations. The first instantiation, called Neural FlashFill, corresponds to the domain of string manipulation programs similar to that of FlashFill. The second domain considers string transformation programs consisting of composition of API functions. We show that a neural system is able to perform quite well in learning a large majority of programs from few input-output examples. We believe this new approach will not only dramatically expand the applicability and effectiveness of Program Synthesis, but also would lead to the coming together of the Program Synthesis and Machine Learning research disciplines.","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128781197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fission: Secure Dynamic Code-Splitting for JavaScript","authors":"Arjun Guha, Jean-Baptiste Jeannin, Rachit Nigam, J. Tangen, Rian Shambaugh","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.5","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional web programming involves the creation of two distinct programs: a client-side front-end, a server-side back-end, and a lot of communications boilerplate. An alternative approach is to use a tierless programming model, where a single program describes the behavior of both the client and the server, and the runtime system takes care of communication. Unfortunately, this usually entails adopting a new language and thus abandoning well-worn libraries and web programming tools. \u0000 \u0000In this paper, we present our ongoing work on Fission, a platform that uses dynamic tier-splitting and dynamic information flow control to transparently run a single JavaScript program across the client and server. Although static tier-splitting has been studied before, our focus on dynamic approaches presents several new challenges and opportunities. For example, Fission supports characteristic JavaScript features such as eval and sophisticated JavaScript libraries like React. Therefore, programmers can reason about the integrity and confidentiality of information while continuing to use common libraries and programming patterns. Moreover, by unifying the client and server into a single program, Fission allows language-based tools, like type systems and IDEs, to manipulate complete web applications. To illustrate, we use TypeScript to ensure that client-server communication does not go wrong.","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125245799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migratory Typing: Ten Years Later","authors":"Sam Tobin-Hochstadt, M. Felleisen, R. Findler, M. Flatt, B. Greenman, A. Kent, Vincent St-Amour, T. Strickland, Asumu Takikawa","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.17","url":null,"abstract":"In this day and age, many developers work on large, untyped code repositories. Even if they are the creators of the code, they notice that they have to figure out the equivalent of method signatures every time they work on old code. This step is time consuming and error prone. \u0000 \u0000Ten years ago, the two lead authors outlined a linguistic solution to this problem. Specifically they proposed the creation of typed twins for untyped programming languages so that developers could migrate scripts from the untyped world to a typed one in an incremental manner. Their programmatic paper also spelled out three guiding design principles concerning the acceptance of grown idioms, the soundness of mixed-typed programs, and the units of migration. \u0000 \u0000This paper revisits this idea of a migratory type system as implemented for Racket. It explains how the design principles have been used to produce the Typed Racket twin and presents an assessment of the project's status, highlighting successes and failures.","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126990791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Everest: Towards a Verified, Drop-in Replacement of HTTPS","authors":"K. Bhargavan, Barry Bond, Antoine Delignat-Lavaud, C. Fournet, C. Hawblitzel, Catalin Hritcu, Samin S. Ishtiaq, Markulf Kohlweiss, Rustan Leino, Jacob R. Lorch, K. Maillard, J. Pan, Bryan Parno, Jonathan Protzenko, T. Ramananandro, A. Rane, Aseem Rastogi, N. Swamy, Laure Thompson, Peng Wang, Santiago Zanella-Béguelin, J. Zinzindohoué","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.1","url":null,"abstract":"The HTTPS ecosystem is the foundation on which Internet security is built. At the heart of this ecosystem is the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, which in turn uses the X.509 public-key infrastructure and numerous cryptographic constructions and algorithms. Unfortunately, this ecosystem is extremely brittle, with headline-grabbing attacks and emergency patches many times a year. We describe our ongoing efforts in Everest (The Everest VERified End-to-end Secure Transport) a project that aims to build and deploy a verified version of TLS and other components of HTTPS, replacing the current infrastructure with proven, secure software. \u0000 \u0000Aiming both at full verification and usability, we conduct high-level code-based, game-playing proofs of security on cryptographic implementations that yield efficient, deployable code, at the level of C and assembly. Concretely, we use F*, a dependently typed language for programming, meta-programming, and proving at a high level, while relying on low-level DSLs embedded within F* for programming low-level components when necessary for performance and, sometimes, side-channel resistance. To compose the pieces, we compile all our code to source-like C and assembly, suitable for deployment and integration with existing code bases, as well as audit by independent security experts. \u0000 \u0000Our main results so far include (1) the design of Low*, a subset of F* designed for C-like imperative programming but with high-level verification support, and KreMLin, a compiler that extracts Low* programs to C; (2) an implementation of the TLS-1.3 record layer in Low*, together with a proof of its concrete cryptographic security; (3) Vale, a new DSL for verified assembly language, and several optimized cryptographic primitives proven functionally correct and side-channel resistant. In an early deployment, all our verified software is integrated and deployed within libcurl, a widely used library of networking protocols.","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132983535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Semantic Foundations for Program Editors","authors":"Cyrus Omar, Ian Voysey, Michael C Hilton, Joshua Sunshine, Claire Le Goues, Jonathan Aldrich, Matthew A. Hammer","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.11","url":null,"abstract":"Programming language definitions assign formal meaning to complete programs. Programmers, however, spend a substantial amount of time interacting with incomplete programs - programs with holes, type inconsistencies and binding inconsistencies - using tools like program editors and live programming environments (which interleave editing and evaluation). Semanticists have done comparatively little to formally characterize (1) the static and dynamic semantics of incomplete programs; (2) the actions available to programmers as they edit and inspect incomplete programs; and (3) the behavior of editor services that suggest likely edit actions to the programmer based on semantic information extracted from the incomplete program being edited, and from programs that the system has encountered in the past. \u0000 \u0000This paper serves as a vision statement for a research program that seeks to develop these \"missing\" semantic foundations. Our hope is that these contributions, which will take the form of a series of simple formal calculi equipped with a tractable metatheory, will guide the design of a variety of current and future interactive programming tools, much as various lambda calculi have guided modern language designs. Our own research will apply these principles in the design of Hazel, an experimental live lab notebook programming environment designed for data science tasks. We plan to co-design the Hazel language with the editor so that we can explore concepts such as edit-time semantic conflict resolution mechanisms and mechanisms that allow library providers to install library-specific editor services.","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124280223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Search for Program Structure","authors":"Gabriel Scherer","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.15","url":null,"abstract":"The community of programming language research loves the Curry-Howard correspondence between proofs and programs. Cut-elimination as computation, theorems for free, call/cc as excluded middle, dependently typed languages as proof assistants, etc. Yet we have, for all these years, missed an obvious observation: “the structure of programs corresponds to the structure of proof search”. For pure programs and intuitionistic logic, more is known about the latter than the former. We think we know what programs are, but logicians","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128786997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Draining the Swamp: Micro Virtual Machines as Solid Foundation for Language Development","authors":"Kunshan Wang, Yi Lin, S. Blackburn, Michael Norrish, Antony Lloyd Hosking","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2015.321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2015.321","url":null,"abstract":"Many of today’s programming languages are broken. Poor performance, lack of features and hard-to-reason-about semantics can cost dearly in software maintenance and inecient execution. The problem is only getting worse with programming languages proliferating and hardware becoming more complicated. An important reason for this brokenness is that much of language design is implementation-driven. The diculties in implementation and insucient understanding of concepts bake bad designs into the language itself. Concurrency, architectural details and garbage collection are three fundamental concerns that contribute much to the complexities of implementing managed languages. We propose the micro virtual machine, a thin abstraction designed specifically to relieve implementers of managed languages of the most fundamental implementation challenges that currently impede good design. The micro virtual machine targets abstractions over memory (garbage collection), architecture (compiler backend), and concurrency. We motivate the micro virtual machine and give an account of the design and initial experience of a concrete instance, which we call Mu, built over a two year period. Our goal is to remove an important barrier to performant and semantically sound managed language design and implementation.","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124207253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Need for Language Support for Fault-Tolerant Distributed Systems","authors":"Cezara Dragoi, T. Henzinger, D. Zufferey","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2015.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2015.90","url":null,"abstract":"Fault-tolerant distributed algorithms play an important role in many critical/high-availability applications. These algorithms are notoriously difficult to implement correctly, due to asynchronous communication and the occurrence of faults, such as the network dropping messages or computers crashing. Nonetheless there is surprisingly little language and verification support to build distributed systems based on fault-tolerant algorithms. In this paper, we present some of the challenges that a designer has to overcome to implement a fault-tolerant distributed system. Then we review different models that have been proposed to reason about distributed algorithms and sketch how such a model can form the basis for a domain-specific programming language. Adopting a high-level programming model can simplify the programmer's life and make the code amenable to automated verification, while still compiling to efficiently executable code. We conclude by summarizing the current status of an ongoing language design and implementation project that is based on this idea.","PeriodicalId":231548,"journal":{"name":"Summit on Advances in Programming Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133881933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}