PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH最新文献

{"title":"SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS TO STRENGTHEN INDONESIAN PALM OIL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH INDONESIAN SUSTAINABLE PALM OIL (ISPO)","authors":"Ermanto Fahamsyah, Brigitta Amalia Rama Wulandari, Yusuf Adiwibowo","doi":"10.22373/petita.v6i1.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1.112","url":null,"abstract":"The palm oil development provides many advantages for Indonesia. One of which is that the development of Indonesian palm oil came fast and contributed a lot to the country's economic sectors. There are also other organic oil-based, such as jatropha, camelina, soybean and rapeseed. However, compared the palm oil to the other base of the organic oil materials, palm oil price outperforms the others oil-based because of the stability of the palm oil price. Palm oil benefits the Indonesian economy and the triple bottom line of John Elkington: people, planet, and profit. However, there is a critical issue with palm oil production. Its production is believed not to apply sustainability principles. Thus, it can damage and ruin the natural environment in Indonesia; for example, it damaged the area where the Sumatran tiger, Sumatran Orang Utan, and Borneo Orang Utan lived. Through the ministry of agriculture, the government established Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) to answer this critical issue and recover the sustainability aspect of Indonesian palm oil. \u0000Abstrak: Indonesia beruntung karena dapat menikmati berbagai manfaat dari pembangunan kelapa sawit yang merupakan salah satu ciri dan keuntungan tersendiri yang Indonesia miliki, pembangunan kelapa sawit Indonesia sangat cepat dan pesat serta memberikan kontribusi yang tinggi terhadap negara melalui sektor ekonomi, jika dibandingkan dengan minyak nabati lainnya seperti : jathropa, camelina, soy bean dan rapeseed, kelapa sawit lebih unggul dari segi ekonomi yang mana dari segi harga lebih stabil jika dibandingkan minyak nabati dengan bahan baku lainnya. Minyak kelapa sawit memberikan berbagai manfaat bagi Indonesia selain daripada ekonomi juga terhadap triple bottom line sebagaimana dikemukakan oleh John Elkongton yakni people, planet dan profit sehingga dalam pemanfaatannya memberikan dampak yang baik meski begitu tetap saja dihadapkan dengan berbagai critical issue mengenai kelapa sawit. Dalam kegiatan produksi kelapa sawit diyakini bahwa belum mengedepankan aspek keberlanjutan yang kemudian berdampak terhadap kerusakan lingkungan di Indonesia. \u0000Kata Kunci: Indonesia, ISPO, Pembangunan Kelapa Sawit, Aspek Keberlanjutan, Triple Bottom Line","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114410068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONCEPTS AND APPLICATION OF GOOD GOVERNANCE IN THE GOVERNMENT OF OMAR BIN ABDUL AZIZ","authors":"Zul Karnaini","doi":"10.22373/petita.v6i1.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1.108","url":null,"abstract":"The term Good Governance (an-Nizam al-Siyasah) is an Islamic concept in the implementation of good governance according to the Qur'an and Hadith. This concept was re-emerged by UNDP in 1990 which was implemented by Umar bin Abdul Aziz during the Umayyad dynasty, in balancing a synergistic and constructive relationship between the state, the private sector and society, through the principles of good governance applied by Umar bin Abdul Aziz: 1. tawhid, 2. Trust, 3. Deliberation, 4. Justice and Law Enforcement, 5. Equality, 6. Brotherhood, 7. Human Rights (HAM), 8. Effective and Efficient, 9. Social Supervision. Umar bin Abd Aziz's principles of good governance are in line with Islamic values, such as: Allah as the highest caliph, trustworthiness, deliberation, justice, equality, brotherhood, human rights, and commanding good and evil. In comparison, UNDP and LAN Good Governance have the following principles: participation, law enforcement, transparency, equality, responsiveness, effectiveness, professionalism, supervision. The principles of good governance of Umar bin Abdul Aziz associated with maqasid sharia are; the principle of tawhid according to maqasid shari'ah in the field of muhafazah ad-din (maintaining religion), the principle of trustworthiness and effectiveness and efficiency, including the category of muhafazah al-mal (protection of property). The application of deliberation, including the category of muhafazah al-aql (preservation of reason) and brotherhood is included in the category of muhafazah al-nasl (maintaining offspring). Human Rights (HAM) are included in the category of muhafazah al-nafs (protecting the soul). in line with the maqasid shari'ah al-Syatibi. If tawhid is connected with Imam Malik's istislahi theory, then this principle includes daruriyyah (principle), while justice and law enforcement, deliberation, trust, equality, brotherhood are included in the hajiyyah category. effective, efficient, social supervision is included in the category of taksiniyah. Then how is good governance implemented and how is it related to UNDP good governance. This is the study of this treatise as material to add to the treasures of knowledge in the state \u0000Abstrak: Istilah Good Governance (an-Nizam al-Siyasah) merupakan konsep Islam dalam pelaksanaan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik sesuai al-Qur’an dan Hadits. Konsep ini dimunculkan kembali oleh UNDP pada 1990 yang pernah dilaksanakan Umar bin Abdul Aziz pada masa dinasti Umayyah, dalam menyeimbangkan hubungan yang sinergis dan konstruktif antara negara, sektor swasta dan masyarakat, melalui  prinsip  good governance yang diterapkan Umar bin Abdul Aziz: 1. tawhid, 2. Amanah, 3. Musyawarah, 4. Keadilan dan Penegakan Hukum, 5. Persamaan, 6. Persaudaraan, 7. Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM), 8. Efektif dan Efisien, 9. Pengawasan Sosial. Prinsip-prinsip Good governance Umar bin Abd Aziz  sejalan dengan tata nilai Islam, seperti: Allah sebagai khalifah tertinggi, amanah, musyawarah, keadilan, pers","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124053504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES IN INDONESIA AND THE ISSUE OF PROPORTIONALITY IN FINE IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"Nathalina Naibaho, Anindita Yulidaningrum Purba","doi":"10.22373/petita.v6i1.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1.114","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the imposition of fines for environmental crimes cases in Indonesia. Due to the absence of law, there are explanations gaps concerning indicators that can be considered when imposing fines on environmental crimes. This study discusses three research questions using the desk research: First, how has Indonesia regulated the application of fines for environmental crimes in Indonesia; Second, what are the indicators to be considered to determine proportional fines as sentencing for environmental crimes in Indonesia; and Third, how has Indonesia applied fines as sentencing for environmental crimes within Indonesian courts. In answering these questions, the study conducts a comparative analysis between the practices of the UK and Singapore regarding environmental crimes. The results of this study indicate that sentencing was ultimately imposed by fulfilling the elements required in the article, added with aggravating and mitigating factors associated with the facts in the trial. In addition, the judgment did not provide further explanation as to how the fine was determined. Therefore, this creates urgency for the Supreme Court to formulate a particular sentencing guideline for handling environmental crimes. The guideline must include provisions on what indicators and stages need to be considered by judges while imposing fine in factual cases. \u0000Abstrak:  Artikel ini membahas tentang penjatuhan pidana denda dalam kasus tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia, mengingat undang-undang tidak memberikan penjelasan lebih lanjut mengenai indikator yang dapat dipertimbangkan oleh hakim manakala menjatuhkan pidana denda dalam tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, penelitian ini membahas permasalahan yang dituangkan dalama tiga pertanyaan penelitian: Pertama, bagaimana pengaturan mengenai sanksi pidana denda dalam tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia; Kedua, apa saja indikator yang dapat dipertimbangkan untuk menentukan penjatuhan pidana denda yang proporsional dalam pemidanaan atas tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia; dan Ketiga, bagaimana penerapan penjatuhan sanksi pidana denda tindak pidana lingkungan hidup dalam praktik peradilan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini turut membandingkan ketentuan, pedoman pemidanaan, dan penerapannya di Inggris dan Singapura terkait tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemidanaan dalam kasus pada akhirnya dijatuhkan dengan pemenuhan unsur-unsur pasal semata, ditambah dengan faktor memberatkan dan meringankan yang dikaitkan dengan fakta dalam persidangan. Putusan Hakim juga tidak mencantumkan penjelasan lebih lanjut tentang bagaimana besaran pidana denda itu ditentukan. Karenanya, terdapat suatu urgensi bagi Mahkamah Agung untuk menyusun suatu pedoman pemidanaan khusus untuk penanganan tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Pedoman pemidanaan ini mencakup ketentuan tentang indikator apa saja yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh ha","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122157945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE LEGISLATION PROCESS","authors":"Yassar Aulia, Alim Abdurahman, M. Susanto","doi":"10.22373/petita.v6i1.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1.109","url":null,"abstract":"The Indonesian legislative process in recent years has been facing various serious procedural flaws. Most notably illustrated by at least three contemporary cases, namely regarding the process of the second amendment to Law No. 30 of 2002 concerning the Corruption Eradication Commission (hereinafter referred to as the KPK Law); the third amendment to Law No. 24 of 2003 concerning the Constitutional Court (MK Law); and the formation of Law No. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation (Job Creation Law). The purpose of this paper is to see whether in practice, the legislative process in Indonesia has aligned itself with the fundamental principles of the legislative process and to see whether the legal framework regarding procedures during the law-making process are adequate. Through descriptive analytical research and comparative approach with the United Kingdom, this paper found that the Indonesian law-making process in practice is not in line with the fundamental principles of the legislative process. We also found that the legal framework regarding the procedure for making laws in Indonesia to be inadequate and therefore we suggest that it can draw some lessons from the practices of the British Parliament. \u0000Abstrak: Pembentukan undang-undang (UU) di Indonesia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir memiliki berbagai kecacatan prosedural yang serius.  Kekacauan proses legislasi di Indonesia paling terang terilustrasikan jika melihat setidaknya tiga kasus kontemporer, yakni mengenai proses pembentukan UU No. 19 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas UU No. 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (selanjutnya disebut UU KPK), UU No. 7 Tahun 2020 tentang Perubahan Ketiga atas UU No. 24 Tahun 2003 tentang Mahkamah Konstitusi (UU MK), dan UU No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja (UU Cipta Kerja). Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk melihat apakah dalam praktik, proses pembentukan UU di Indonesia telah menyelaraskan diri dengan prinsip-prinsip fundamental proses pembentukan undang-undang dan melihat apakah pranata hukum prosedural yang berlaku telah memadai. Melalui spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis dan pendekatan perbandingan hukum dengan Britania Raya, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik pembentukan undang-undang di Indonesia belum selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip fundamental proses pembentukan undang-undang. Pranata hukum mengenai prosedur pembentukan UU yang ada di Indonesia juga kami temukan belum memadai dan oleh karenanya dapat mengambil beberapa pelajaran dari praktik Parlemen Britania Raya. \u0000Kata Kunci: Fast-Track Legislation, Omnibus Law, Pembentukan Undang-Undang, Perbandingan Hukum, Prinsip Prosedural","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131327833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NAVIGATING THE WATERS: INTERNATIONAL LAW, ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS","authors":"Oriola O. Oyewole","doi":"10.22373/petita.v6i1.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1.115","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, the relationship between the environment and human rights has received global attention. The connection between the individuals, environment and international law is indispensable. However, domestic environmental activities and globalisation set domino effects on climate change where the actions within one jurisdiction affect the environment of neighbouring states. Sovereignty, state obligations and human rights are instruments that can regulate the protection of the environment. Set against this background, this paper will assess the contribution of international law to the protection of the environment, particularly the extent of enforceability of general state obligations through the 'no harm rule.' Arguably, transboundary harm is inevitable in most environmental activities. Therefore, the engaging state is obligated to take measures known as due diligence to regulate the transfer of transboundary harm. The threshold for these environmental activities is significant transboundary harm. In addition, it is observed that there is a limit to which state can be held accountable for violations of human rights where corporate actors, through their business activities, have contravened human rights. Hence, through case analysis, this paper examines the extent of corporate legal accountability for environmental degradation. \u0000Abstrak: Selama bertahun-tahun, hubungan antara lingkungan dan hak asasi manusia telah mendapat perhatian global. Hubungan antara individu, lingkungan dan hukum internasional sangat diperlukan. Namun, kegiatan lingkungan domestik dan globalisasi memberikan efek domino pada perubahan iklim di mana tindakan dalam satu yurisdiksi mempengaruhi lingkungan negara tetangga. Kedaulatan, kewajiban negara, dan hak asasi manusia merupakan instrumen yang dapat mengatur perlindungan lingkungan hidup. Dengan latar belakang ini, artikel ini akan menilai kontribusi hukum internasional terhadap perlindungan lingkungan, khususnya sejauh mana keberlakuan kewajiban negara secara umum melalui 'aturan yang tidak merugikan', karena kerusakan lintas batas tidak dapat dihindari di sebagian besar kegiatan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, negara yang terlibat wajib mengambil langkah-langkah yang dikenal sebagai uji tuntas untuk mengatur pengalihan bahaya lintas batas. Ambang batas untuk kegiatan lingkungan ini adalah bahaya lintas batas yang sangat penting. Selain itu, terlihat adanya batasan dimana negara dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban atas pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang dilakukan korporasi, melalui kegiatan usahanya, yang telah melanggar hak asasi manusia. Oleh karena itu, melalui analisis kasus, artikel ini mengkaji sejauh mana akuntabilitas hukum korporasi atas kerusakan lingkungan. \u0000Kata Kunci: Kedaulatan, Uji Tuntas, Lingkungan, Hak Asasi Manusia, Tanggung Jawab Negara, Hukum Internasional","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132741112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THEORETICAL REVIEW OF ISLAMIC LEGAL SOURCES ACCORDING TO THE MISREPRESENTATION THEORY OF HALLAQ","authors":"R. Budiman","doi":"10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.100","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of Islamic law from time to time in a Muslim community is believed to be the result of an in-depth study of the sources of Islamic law: the Qur’an (the Word of God), Hadith (sayings of the Prophet Muhammad), Ijtihad (the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the legal sources, the Qur’an and the Sunnah), Qiyas (the deduction of legal prescriptions from the Qur’an or Sunnah by analogic reasoning), as well as Ijma (the result of the agreement of the Scholars). These sources of Islamic law were then poured into Usul al-Fiqh, which was then considered as a concrete form of Islamic law itself. This is reinforced by the classical teachings of orientalist Scholars who acknowledge that Islamic law is preserved in Usul al-Fiqh by great Scholars. However, this concept was challenged by Hallaq with a misrepresentation of his theory. He stated that Sharia can exist in society, not because of the role of Usul al-Fiqh but the role of the Fatwa (authoritative legal opinion), which is given by the Mufti and is applied by practitioners of Islamic law in Muslim-majority societies.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132626078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE DUTCH COLONIAL ECONOMIC’S POLICY ON NATIVES LAND PROPERTY OF INDONESIA","authors":"Chairul Fahmi","doi":"10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.99","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the historical shifts of land property rights in Indonesia's archipelago and how new land laws were formed, especially during the Dutch colonization era. After the Netherlands East Indies (NEI) established in the 18th century and proclaimed itself as a sovereign landlord over the East Indies (Indonesia), the role of indigenous law (adat law) and its rights to lands have diminished by a new form of law namely the European law system (the civil code). By adopting the European civil code, the colonial Dutch declared all uncertified lands and all forests’ resources were the Dutch colonial State's property and to be managed by the colonial authority [State’s domain]. For Adat peoples, these rights belong to them, either as individuals or as groups, and it had been recognized by their customary law (adat law) legally, which they have had since their ancestors inhabited within the land, territories, and resources. Further significant impact toward the adat rights to land, when the Agrarian Act (agrarisch wet) applied in 1870 by the colonial government, had severely impacted towards the land right of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, by which most of them had lost their adat property right to lands and forest resources. In contrast, the Dutch colonial State was gained millions of guldens for economic profit from the expropriation of the native land and from unpaid native slaves who worked in the Dutch plantation sectors.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128146663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JUDICIAL ACTIVISM IN INDONESIA","authors":"Rahayu Prasetianingsih","doi":"10.22373/petita.v5i2.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v5i2.106","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of Constitutional Court becomes important as requisite for the rule of law principle and democracy in Indonesia. Amendment of the Constitution by Indonesia National Assembly has chosen to share judicial power held by the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court with the authority to judicial review of legislation to the Constitution. The Constitutional Court as Guardian of the Constitution has its own role in establishing constitutional culture in Indonesia. Commitment to constitutionalism is adistinctive constitutional culture which will also develop the constitution itself. Commitment to UUD 1945 as the limitation to the powers and a guarantee of constitutional rights that must be protected by the Constitutional Court with the authority to review as the implementation of Indonesia constitutionalism. Constitutional culture discuss in this paper is focused on understanding constitutional culture which will affect the implementation of the constitution by \"the formal institutions of the state\", especially in relation to the citizenry. The Constitutional Court in review of the legislation to the constitution has used various methods of Constitutional interpretation to uphold the law and substantive justice. From several decisions seem that the constitutional interpretation made by the Constitutional Court was expanding the existing notions of UUD 1945 or event change the constitution. The Constitutional Court leads to judicial activism and can be said that the constitutional court has become super body. On the other side, presence of the Constitutional Court expected to complement the government system of Indonesia, in accordance with the function can motivate the performance of other state institutions, in this case the legislator in order to establish better legislation. \u0000Abstrak: Mahkamah Konstitusi menjadi syarat penting bagi terwujudnya prinsip negara hukum dan demokrasi di Indonesia. Perubahan Konstitusi oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat telah membagi kekuasaan kehakiman kepada Mahkamah Agung dan Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan kewenangan pengujian undang-undang terhadap Konstitusi. Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai Penjaga Konstitusi memiliki peran tersendiri dalam membangun budaya konstitusi di Indonesia. Komitmen terhadap konstitusionalisme merupakan budaya konstitusi yang khas yang juga akan mendinamisasi konstitusi itu sendiri. Komitmen terhadap UUD 1945 sebagai pembatasan kekuasaan dan jaminan hak konstitusional yang harus dilindungi oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan kewenangan pengujian sebagai implementasi konstitusionalisme Indonesia. Budaya konstitusi yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini fokus pada pemahaman budaya konstitusi yang akan mempengaruhi pelaksanaan konstitusi oleh \"lembaga formal negara\", terutama dalam kaitannya dengan warga negara. Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam menguji undang-undang terhadap konstitusi telah menggunakan berbagai metode penafsiran Konstitusi untuk menegakkan hukum dan keadilan substantif. Dari beberapa putusan t","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128278171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF ABSOLUTE COMPETENCE OF DISTRICT COURTS AND SYARI’AH COURTS IN ADJUDICATING JARIMAH OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE IN ACEH","authors":"Rosmawardani Muhammad","doi":"10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.103","url":null,"abstract":"The District Court and Syari’ah Court (Mahkamah Syar’iyah) jurisdictions to deal with child sexual abuse cases have still overlapped. This issue generates legal uncertainty in the enforcement of Jinayat Law in Aceh. This study aims to analyze the resolution patterns over child sexual abuse cases in Aceh, the resolution patterns over child sexual abuse cases at District Courts, and the efforts to solve dualism issues of the courts in trying child sexual abuse cases in Aceh. This study employed a juridical-empirical method that attempts to analyze behaviors of law enforcement officials in handling sexual abuse cases in Aceh using case and statute approaches based on the rules and principles of law studies. The legal materials utilized in this study were Law, Qanun, Government Regulation, and Syari’ah Court and District Court Decisions. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that both District Courts and Syari’ah Courts still settle sexual abuse cases. The results also point out that the resolution patterns in adjudicating sexual abuse cases at District Courts are categorized into adult offenders and young offenders. The provisions stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) are applied for adult offenders, while the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law is regulated for young offenders. The efforts to overcome dualism are generating new policies by the Supreme Court to delegate the authority to solve sexual abuse cases and other jinayat cases from District Courts to Syari’ah Courts, and the issuance of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Aceh Syari’ah Courts, Aceh Regional Police, Aceh High Prosecutor’s Office, and Aceh High Court governing the authorization limits over the settlement of jinayat cases.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125722752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAKING POLICY SERIOUSLY: WHAT SHOULD INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT DO TO STRENGTHEN ACEH TRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION?","authors":"H. P. Wiratraman, Sri Lestari Wahyuningroem, M. Wardaya, D. Simatupang","doi":"10.22373/PETITA.V5I1.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/PETITA.V5I1.93","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses three key questions, namely, first, what and how is the development of policies and legal umbrella that can support the Central Government in the implementation of the Aceh TRC? Second, how can the institutional institution of the Aceh TRC and the Human Rights Court as a mechanism of justice strengthen mutual protection of human rights for victims and their families? Third, how to build strong legal relations between state institutions to strengthen the TRC's recommendations regarding reparations? Produced from a research process and focus group discussion, this article encourages a number of legal policy developments that are oriented as a solution to the limited efforts to protect and fulfill victims, especially in relation to reparations and restoration of their rights. Also, emphasizing the legal position of the basic national legal political context is re-associated as a reminder of the marwah of the Helsinki MOU for the future of Aceh. \u0000Abstrak: Artikel ini mendiskusikan tiga pertanyaan kunci, yakni pertama, apa dan bagaimana pengembangan kebijakan dan payung hukum yang dapat menjadi dukungan Pemerintah Pusat terhadap pemberlakuan KKR Aceh? Kedua, bagaimana secara institusional kelembagaan KKR Aceh dan Pengadilan HAM sebagai mekanisme keadilan dapat saling memperkuat perlindungan HAM bagi korban dan keluarganya? Ketiga, bagaimana membangun relasi hukum yang kuat antar Lembaga negara untuk memperkuat rekomendasi KKR terkait reparasi? Dihasilkan dari proses riset dan diskusi grup terarah, artikel ini mendorong sejumlah pengembangan kebijakan hukum yang diorientasikan sebagai jalan keluar atas terbatasnya upaya perlindungan dan pemenuhan bagi korban, terutama terkait reparasi dan pemulihan hak-haknya. Serta, menegaskan posisi hukum atas konteks politik hukum nasional yang mendasar dikaitkan kembali sebagai pengingat marwah MOU Helsinki bagi masa depan Aceh. \u0000Kata Kunci: Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi, Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia, Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia, Pemerintah Aceh","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126160557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}