Journal of Agroforestry and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Soil Applied Zinc Fertilizer Enhanced Yield and Yield Components of Wheat","authors":"Mr. Ashikuzzaman, Swapan Kumar Paul, Md. Towkir Ahmed, Sinthia Ahmed Upama, Md. Romij Uddin, U. Sarker","doi":"10.55706/jae1708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1708","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc (Zn) deficiency significantly affects the yield and quality of crops across vast areas of cultivable land globally, given the essential role of micronutrients in plant metabolic processes. A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory (AFL), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, from November 2019 to March 2020 to evaluate the effects of zinc and its application methods on the yield components of different wheat varieties. The experiment included three wheat varieties: BARI Gom-30, BARI Gom-31, and BARI Gom-32. It also examined six levels of Zn: 0 kg ha-1, seed soaking (SS) with 0.57% ZnSo4.7H2O (aq), SS with 1% ZnSo4.7H2O (aq), soil application (SA) of 4 kg ha-1 Zn, SA of 8 kg ha-1 Zn, and foliar spray (FS) of 0.5% ZnSo4 at 25 and 50 days after sowing. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The highest plant height (PH) (99.66 cm), the number of total tillers (NTT) plant-1 (4.86), spike length (SL) (10.41 cm), the number of effective tillers (NET) plant-1 (4.00), the number of grains spike-1 (NGS) (43.53), 1000-grain weight (TGW) (51.47 g), grain yield (GY) (4.12 t ha-1), straw yield (SY) (5.27 t ha-1), biological yield (BY) (9.39 t ha-1), and harvest index (HI) (43.93%) were achieved in BARI Gom-32 with the application of 8 kg Zn ha-1. The findings indicate that the wheat variety BARI Gom-32 attained its maximum yield with the application of 8 kg Zn ha-1. However, further experiments in different locations are necessary before making final recommendations.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid Nano Urea: Step Forward to Smart Agriculture- A Review","authors":"Syed Zahid Hasan, Warasa Mostafa, Md. Anwar Hossen, Muhammad Humayun Kabir, Hur-E Ferdousi, Md. Omar Sharif","doi":"10.55706/jae1705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1705","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical fertilizer is necessary for the growth and development of crops. However, the efficiency of conventional chemical fertilizers is very low. Nowadays, fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) is the focus of agriculture cultivation practices to meet economic and environmental challenges. Around half of the total agricultural production relies on urea fertilizer, and the reduction in soil fertility has led to 3.56%. Liquid Nano Urea (LNU) can play a vital role in ensuring food security in Bangladesh. It can replace 50 % of conventional urea and can save subsidies to the govt. In addition, it is environmentally safe and reduces production costs, ensuring an increase in the total yield of 8-20%. Ensuring 90% work efficiency, the utilization of cutting-edge technologies and modern innovation in agricultural practices to enhance sustainability and efficiency in farming. Only two sprays of LNU can change the whole scenario of food safety. Recommended dose of optimize the use of nano urea for improved crop productivity and sustainability. The proper application of nano urea holds immense potential for enhancing crop production efficiency and sustainability.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"54 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141269529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Mustard Yield (cv. BARI Sarisha-14) to Different Fertilizer Management Under Subtropical Condition","authors":"Sumaiya Nur Srity, Md. Towkir Ahmed, Sinthia Ahmed Upama, Md. Harun Rashid, Md. Romij Uddin, U. Sarker","doi":"10.55706/jae1704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1704","url":null,"abstract":"The yield of mustard can be significantly enhanced by the appropriate application of fertilizers. Utilizing fertilizers effectively holds considerable promise for improving mustard yields. To evaluate the effect of fertilizers on mustard yield, a study was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory (AFL), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, between November 2022 and February 2023. This study involved seven different fertilizers treatments: control (no fertilizer) and incremental additions of nutrients starting from nitrogen (N) alone to a full combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, Sulphur, zinc, and boron (N-P-K-S-Zn-B). The BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) sarisha-14 variety was used as the crop under study. The study was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The findings suggested that, fertilizers application had a significant impact on several growth parameters and yields. The most comprehensive fertilizers mix (N-P-K-S-Zn-B) resulted in the maximum observed values for plant height (PH) (83.63 cm), number of branches plant-1 (NBP) (4.74), number of siliquae plant-1 (NSP) (63.17), and seed yield (SY) (2.19 t ha-1) and stover yields (7.27 t ha-1). This treatment also resulted in the highest biological yield (BY) (4.51 t ha-1), indicating a robust growth response. In contrast, control (no fertilizers) produced the lowest SY (0.19 t ha-1) and stover yield (0.70 t ha-1). It can be concluded that BARI sarisha-14 produced the highest yield of mustard with the recommended rate of N-P-K-S-Zn-B and farmers can cultivate this mustard variety at large scale with mentioned recommended dose of fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"49 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141269578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences of Maize Fodder Yield and Crop Attributes under Different Irrigation and Nutrient Management","authors":"Avijit Ghosh, Md. Sojib Kabiraj, M. A. R. Sarkar, Muhammad Salim, F. M. J. Uddin, Md. Harun Rashid, Swapan Kumar Paul","doi":"10.55706/jae1702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1702","url":null,"abstract":"Irrigation and nutrient management are two vital components of modern agriculture playing crucial roles in ensuring optimal plant growth, maximizing crop yields and sustaining agricultural productivity. A field trial was conducted to evaluate how irrigation and nutrient management affect the growth characteristics and dry fodder yield of maize. The experiment involved four irrigation levels viz. no irrigation (I0), one irrigation at 20 days after sowing (DAS) (I1), two irrigations at 20 and 40 DAS (I2) and three irrigations at 20, 40 and 60 DAS (I3) and four fertilizer levels viz. recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) (275-125-80-125-8 kg ha-1 of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, gypsum and sulphur) (F1), poultry manure (PM) (5 t ha-1) (F2), 75% RDF + PM (2.5 t ha-1) (F3) and 50% RDF + PM (5 t ha-1) (F4). The study was conducted with a split-plot layout and included three replications. Research results demonstrated significant impacts of both irrigation and nutrient management on growth metrics and the production of dry forage. At harvest, the highest plant height (177.72 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (12.16) and chlorophyll content (47.15) were recorded with three irrigations at 20, 40 and 60 DAS fertilized with 75% RDF + PM @ 2.5 t ha-1 whereas the highest total dry matter (40.60 g) and dry fodder yield (4.51 t ha-1) was recorded with two irrigations at 20 and 40 DAS along with RDF. These results emphasize that maize can produce maximum dry fodder yield with two irrigations at 20 and 40 DAS along with RDF whereas three irrigations at 20, 40 and 60 DAS fertilized with 75% RDF + PM @ 2.5 t ha-1 obtained the superior growth traits of maize.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Edwardsiella tarda from Catla (Catla catla), Koi (Anabas testudineus) and Tilapia (Tilapia mosumbicus)","authors":"Md. Shafiul Alam, Md. Benjir Ahmed, M. M. Rashid","doi":"10.55706/jae1701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1701","url":null,"abstract":"Edwardsiellosis is a very common fish disease in framed fish caused by Edwardsiella tarda which can lead a severe economic loss in aquaculture worldwide. Isolation and identification of the pathogenic bacteria Edwardsiella tarda from three fish species: catla Catla catla, koi Anabus testudineus and tilapia Tilapia mosumbicus were undertaken from different area of Mymensingh District. The intestine, liver and kidney of each fish were inoculated into Salmonella-Shigella (SS) plates and TSA plates. The colonies of the SS plates were subcultured onto TSA plates and undergone specific identification processes through their morphological and biochemical tests for Edwardsiella tarda. They were Gram negative, rod shaped, motile, oxidase negative bacteria that showed positive reactions for catalase and fermented glucose. Quantitative studies of the bacterial flora of the above fishes on TSA plates showed that the minimum total bacterial load of tilapia was 1.50 × 102 cfu/g in the blood and the maximum was 8.20 × 106 cfu/g in kidney. In case of catla, the minimum load was 2.36 × 103 cfu/g in the blood and the maximum was 8.20 × 106cfu/g in intestine. Koi showed its minimum load of 2.45 × 103 cfu/g in the blood and a maximum of 5.54 × 105 cfu/g in liver. It was understood that the bacteria Edwardsiella tarda is an opportunistic pathogen in Bangladesh aquaculture and can, any time be a cause of serious disease condition of culture fishes of Bangladesh at least in catla, koi and tilapia.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140361295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Boro Rice (cv. BRRI dhan89) Yield to Foliar Application of Micronutrients","authors":"Md. Touhidur Rahman, U. Sarker, Md. Sojib Kabiraj, Shivanand Jha, Md. Harun Rashid, Swapan Kumar Paul","doi":"10.55706/jae1643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1643","url":null,"abstract":"Insufficient management of nutrients poses a significant obstacle to achieving sustainable rice production in tropical climates. To address this challenge, an investigation was conducted to find the potential impact of micronutrients on enhancing the yield of Boro rice through foliar application. The study was structured using a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Field trials were conducted with three micronutrients (Boron, Zinc and Copper) and involved seven treatments, namely control (NPK), NPK + Zinc, NPK + Boron, NPK + Zinc + Boron, NPK + Zinc + Copper, NPK + Boron + Copper, and NPK + Zinc + Boron + Copper. The addition of zinc, boron and copper led to a notable enhancement in the factors contributing to yield. The maximum number of total tillers hill-1 (11.29), effective tillers hill-1 (10.09), panicle length (24.69), grain panicle-1 (138.36), grain yield (5.43 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.22 t ha-1) was resulted when NPK + Zinc + Boron + Copper applied together. The least grain yield (3.64 t ha-1) was produced in control (NPK) owing to lower number of effective tillers hill-1 (7.46), lower number of grain panicle-1 (118.46) and higher number of sterile spikelet panicle-1 (25.46). The findings suggested that the appliance of NPK combined with Zn, B and Cu yielded superior in BRRI dhan89.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"82 3‐4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Some Chilli (Capsicum Annum L.) Varieties in Costal Soil in Noakhali, Bangladesh","authors":"Riad Mahmud, Faria Naznin, Md. Abu Rahat, Tarikul Islam, Nadia Islam, Farhana Binte Quyyum Bristy, Md. Anwar Hosen Jony, Md Atiqur Rahman Bhuiyan","doi":"10.55706/jae1636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1636","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was carried out at the Department of Agriculture's Research Field in Noakhali during Rabi season 2022 to evaluate the varietal performance of chilli verities: Bijli Plus (V1), Anal (1701) (V2), Vanilla (V5), Moti (V4), and Dhum (V5). Three replications of the experiment were carried out using randomized complete block design (RCBD). The highest plant height (70.43cm), leaf length (9.6cm), fruit length (8.37cm), number of fruits (74.67), number of flowers (10.88), yield (11.98 tonh-1) were measured in V1(Bijli Plus), and the highest number of branches (21), number of leaves (102.33) was counted in V2 (Anal 1701). Vanilla produced the lowest yield, whereas Bijli Plus produced the highest yield. The results indicate significant variations among varieties in the field. According to the research outcomes, the Bijli Plus is produced the maximum yield production of chilli.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"50 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139598815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Biochar on Growth and Yield of Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata) Under Salinity Stress","authors":"Sadia Rahaman, Md. Sabuj Ali, Nur Mohammad, Md. Ekhlasur Rahman, Md.Touhidur Rahman Nahid, Sayeda Fatema Tuz Zohura Anny, Gazi Md. Mohsin, Kawsar Hossen, Rayhan Ahmed","doi":"10.55706/jae1629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1629","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most popular vegetables worldwide is the yard long bean. Salinity is a significant environmental problem that causes lower yields in vegetable crop. Application of biochar is a crucial manure management practice that can be used to increase yard long bean production under saline conditions. An experiment was conducted at the research field of the Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh during the period from 1st March to 2nd June of 2022 to determine the potential of biochar on the growth and yield performance of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) under salinity stress. The experiment consisted three treatments with two levels of biochar and each replicated three times following randomized complete block design. The treatment combinations were T0= no biochar +recommended doses of chemical fertilizer (RDF), T1= biochar (3 t ha-1) +RDF, T2= biochar (6 t ha-1) + RDF respectively. The tallest plant height (33.33 cm), minimum days of flowering (29.33 days), highest chlorophyll content (63.43), maximum number of leaf (61.43) and pod (56.33) per plant, highest pod weight (17.70 g), pod length (31.77 cm), pod diameter (0.98 cm), maximum number of seeds (13.67) per pod and also yield hectare (5.49 t) were found from T2 = biochar (6 t ha-1) + RDF under the soil with 0.1 M salinity stress, whereas lowest data was found from control T0= no biochar + RDF under the soil with 0.1 M salinity stress . The findings of experiment indicated that the application of biochar at the level of 6 t ha-1+ RDF enhanced the growth and yield performance of yard long bean under salinity stress.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136037480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Livelihood Status of the Carp Fish Farmers in Two Unions of Puthia Upazila Under Rajshahi District, Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Benjir Ahmed, Md. Abdul Hannan, Md. Shafiul Alam","doi":"10.55706/jae1627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1627","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, carp culture has become an important sector in terms of nutrition supply, income generation, and increasing scope of employment in Bangladesh. The present survey was conducted to evaluate the livelihood condition of the carp fish farmers in the Shilmaria and Valukgasi unions of Puthia upazila under the Rajshahi district. The survey was done for a period of 6 months from January to June 2023. All the necessary data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Sixty farmers were included in this study. Thirty farmers were taken from the Shilmaria union and another thirty farmers were taken from the Valukgasi union. All of them were involved in carp fish farming. The average pond size of the study area was 0.35 ha. The ponds are belonging to both single (23%) and multiple ownership (77%). The majority of the carp farmers were under the age group of 41 to 50 years and had a level of education up to primary (23%). Most of the farmers were Muslims (98%) and few of them were Hindus (2%). The annual incomes of the majority of carp farmers (30%) were above Tk. 1,00,000. Sixty-seven percent of the carp farmers used semi-pucca sanitary, 22% used pucca sanitary, and 12% used kacha sanitary. Among the sample farmers, about 32% had half-building house while 14%, 11%, and 3% of the farmers had tin shed, building, and kacha house (made of mud and straw) respectively. Ninety-eight percent of the carp fish farmers availed of electricity facilities and 2% of them did not have. Most of the carp farmers (92%) used their tube well, while a few numbers of them (8%) used a neighbor's tube well for drinking water. About 60% of the carp farmers took health services from village doctors, 22% went to the upazila health complex, 8% went to the district hospital and 10% had access to the MBBS doctors in private clinics. The major constraints were the lack of scientific knowledge, the high price of fish feed, and a lack of capital for carp fish culture. So, the livelihood status of the carp fish farmer can be increased through proper training on carp fish culture and providing additional Government and Non-Government support.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on Blossom Drop in Chili (Capsicum frutescens)","authors":"M. S. Rahman, A. Hossain, M. R. Hossain, S. K. Talukder, P. Datta, B. Das, S. Afroz, M. I. Khan, M. H. Shah","doi":"10.55706/jae1626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55706/jae1626","url":null,"abstract":"Chili (Capsicum frutescens) is a significant cash crop in Bangladesh. It is very popular spices and the demand of chili is increasing day by day. To investigate the influence of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on bloom drops in Chili cv. BARI Morich-3 from November 2020 to April 2021. These types demonstrated the optimal dosages of NAA as a foliar spray in reducing blossom drop with the application of five different concentrations of NAA at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 ppm, respectively. It was determined that 10ppm NAA performed the best, and it takes the fewest days (43.33) to first flowering, the fewest days (50) to 50% blooming, the fewest days (48.44) to first fruiting, and the fewest days (60.11) to 50% fruiting. It also reduces the number of bud drops (12.39), flowers drops (13.89), fruits drops (12.11), and increases the number of fruits plant-1 (41.61) and fruit plant-1 weight (70.94) when followed by 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm, and 0 ppm NAA. For the parameter plant height 10ppm NAA was found to be optimum. The highest average plant height (72.61cm) was observed from 20ppm NAA. This result defines that NAA @10ppm is very beneficial for reducing blossom drop and increasing the growth and yield of chili.","PeriodicalId":231257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agroforestry and Environment","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123562110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}