Joseph Denwi, Peter N. Medee, Nenubari John Ikue, Ibimina Otoru Ikemenjima
{"title":"Fiscal Dominance and Inflationary Pressure: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria","authors":"Joseph Denwi, Peter N. Medee, Nenubari John Ikue, Ibimina Otoru Ikemenjima","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"In light of Nigeria’s high inflationary environment characterized by rising commodity prices and a growing public debt, this study aims to examine fiscal dominance hypothesis in Nigeria. Specifically, we investigate whether the borrowing activities of the fiscal authorities impede the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in achieving price stability. To conduct this analysis, we utilize annual data on the budget deficit as a percentage of gross domestic product and the change in monetary base, covering the period from 1981 to 2022. The data for these variables were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) official website and Statistical Bulletin. Our empirical analysis employs econometric methods, including unit root tests and the Toda and Yamamoto (T-Y) Granger non-causality approach. The results from our Granger causality test reveal the presence of bidirectional causality between the budget deficit and the growth of the monetary base, thereby violating the conditions for fiscal dominance. These findings suggest that the pursuit of price stability objectives by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is not constrained by the government's borrowing activities. Consequently, conventional policy tools can be effectively utilized to address inflationary pressures without compromising the government's ability to service its debt obligations. Overall, our study provides evidence that fiscal dominance does not appear to be a significant concern in Nigeria. This implies that policymakers can focus on implementing appropriate monetary policy measures to combat inflation, while ensuring that government borrowing activities do not hinder the achievement of price stability. Keywords: Fiscal Dominance, Budget Deficits, Monetary Base, Inflation","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sodipo, Nenubari John Ikue, Linus Enegesi, C. Oraemesi, Daniel Nma Yisa, J. Ejinkonye
{"title":"The Effect of Financial Inclusion on Poverty in Nigeria","authors":"J. Sodipo, Nenubari John Ikue, Linus Enegesi, C. Oraemesi, Daniel Nma Yisa, J. Ejinkonye","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the nexus between financial inclusion and poverty in Nigeria, a nation where about 60% of the population lacks access to formal financial products and services. Financial inclusion is viewed as a crucial tool for alleviating poverty, and the research delves into the intricate interplay between these two factors in both urban and rural settings. Employing a linear probability model, the findings reveal that while having an account with a financial institution is positively correlated with poverty reduction, it does not stand alone as a solution for eradicating poverty. In this context, financial literacy plays a pivotal role in empowering individuals to make informed financial decisions, ultimately facilitating their escape from poverty. The promotion of financial literacy initiatives is of paramount importance. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of household size in poverty reduction. Smaller households, typically composed of 1-4 individuals, exhibit a greater potential for poverty reduction, while larger household sizes are associated with an increased likelihood of poverty. This pattern is consistent in both urban and rural areas, underscoring the need for precise interventions and policies that address the distinct challenges faced by rural communities, and concurrently, promote financial inclusion and stimulate economic development. In conclusion, the study underscores the significance of adopting a comprehensive approach to poverty reduction in Nigeria. It underscores the roles of financial inclusion, financial literacy, and customized strategies that consider household sizes and geographic contexts. By addressing these factors, policymakers, financial institutions, and communities can collaborate to develop sustainable solutions that uplift households from poverty and contribute to a more inclusive and prosperous society. Keywords: Poverty; Household Finance; Household Size, Urban; Rural","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"44 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural Influences and Organizational Performance","authors":"Silva Opuala-Charles, Seun Samuel Ibigbemi","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study conducted an analysis of extant empirical research on organizational culture and its impact on organizational performance. The objective is examine various dimensions of organizational culture and performance, providing a nuanced conceptual framework. Through an extensive review of the literature, it showed that organizational culture exerts a substantial influence on the functioning, personnel dynamics, and operational execution across a diverse array of enterprises. Research posits that when employees exhibit dedication and align with the core values of their employers, they markedly enhance their performance in advancing the organization's overarching objectives. It is recommended, among other measures, that managers and executives be actively encouraged to cultivate a robust organizational culture, thereby bolstering the collective performance of the workforce and fortifying the overall viability of the business. Keywords: Cultural Influences; Organization Culture; Organization Performance; Employee’s Commitment","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hierarchy Culture and Business Performance in Nigeria","authors":"Silva Opuala-Charles, Margaret Jack , Adebisi","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the relationship between hierarchy culture and business performance in Nigeria. It deployed conceptual research techniques to look at the scope of hierarchy culture, identified its manifestation in Nigeria, and appraised the positive and negative aspects of this culture. Additionally, the study analyzed the current state of business performance in Nigeria, factors contributing to business success, and challenges facing businesses. Furthermore, the study examined how hierarchy culture affects business performance in Nigeria and provides examples of successful Nigerian companies that operate within the ambit of hierarchy culture. It also highlights the potential drawbacks of a hierarchy culture on business performance. The study provides recommendations for Nigerian businesses to navigate the challenges of hierarchy culture and suggests best practices for balancing hierarchy culture with modern business practices of open communication and bottom top engagement. Keywords: Hierarchy Culture; Business Performance; Success Factors; Organizational Structure","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135460123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collectivism Culture and Business Performance in Nigeria","authors":"Silva Opuala-Charles, Munir Afolabi, Salau","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the relationship between culture and organizational performance in Nigeria, focusing on three ethno-geographical locations. The results underscored a notable link between culture and organizational performance, revealing that organizations meeting the expectations of stakeholders – including owners, employees, and customers – tend to thrive within a culture conducive to their operations. Nonetheless, the performance of organizations is notably influenced by several key factors such as organizational context, cultural dynamics, economic and political conditions, availability of equipment, and the reliability of public utilities, notably electricity. The prevailing Nigerian cultural values prioritize collective orientation over individualism, lending support to consultative management approaches. It is worth noting, however, that this study is confined to the manufacturing sector, specifically textile firms, and its findings may not be directly applicable to other organizations outside this scope. Keywords; Collectivism Culture; Business Performance; Cultural Dynamics; Individualism","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135460122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tough-Guy Macho Culture and Business Performance in Nigeria","authors":"Silva Opuala-Charles, Ekebo Francis Udoh","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The work studied the relationship between the tough guy macho culture and business performance in Nigeria. Tough-guy macho culture is a prevalent organizational model that combines fast feedback, high risk, and a focus on the present, often prioritizing individualism over teamwork. Hierarchical leadership and cutthroat competition fuelled by this culture have led to unethical practices, long working hours, increased stress levels, and neglect of personal and family responsibilities. Moreover, it perpetuates gender stereotypes and discrimination, creating a glass ceiling for women in leadership positions while discouraging individuals who do not conform to traditional gender norms from actively participating and contributing. Organizations need to embrace inclusive leadership and adopt explicit diversity and inclusion policies to combat Tough Guy Macho Culture. Implementing diversity and sensitivity training programs is crucial to promoting a more inclusive environment. Prioritizing employee well-being is essential, and organizations can achieve this by offering flexible work arrangements, family-friendly policies, and supportive programs that promote a healthier work-life balance. In the fiercely competitive modern business landscape, attracting and retaining top talent has become paramount for sustained success. By directly addressing and transforming this culture, organizations can cultivate a more inclusive and supportive environment, which, in turn, enhances their reputation and appeal to top talent. Creating a workplace that values employee well-being and promotes a healthier work-life balance will undoubtedly contribute to the overall success and growth of the organization. Keywords: Tough-Guy Macho Culture; Business Performance; Decision Making Process; Employee Dynamics","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"19 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135459821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clan Culture and Business Performance in Nigeria","authors":"Silva Opuala-Charles, Uche Kalu Arunsi","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Clan culture is an organizational culture that emphasizes collaboration, teamwork, and employee well-being. The study examined the relationship between clan culture and business performance in Nigeria. Clan culture is seen to be intertwined with ethnic groups and cultural heritage in Nigeria, and it is characterized by loyalty, trust, and solidarity. This culture fosters a shared sense of responsibility and collaboration, increasing employee satisfaction, engagement, productivity, and overall performance. However, clan culture can also present challenges, such as nepotism and favoritism within clans, which can hinder merit-based decisionmaking processes.. However, it can also lead to resistance against change and a reluctance to challenge prevailing norms. Organizations with a strong clan culture, such as Google, Zappos, and Pixar, consistently observe superior employee retention rates. However, the emphasis on maintaining harmony can hinder creative thinking and adaptability, especially in fast-paced, competitive markets. To capitalize on the benefits of clan culture while overcoming challenges, organizations should promote transparency, fairness, and meritocracy, fostering an inclusive environment that embraces diverse perspectives and fosters innovation. By adopting strategies that balance strong relationships with an open, adaptable, and diverse work environment, Nigerian businesses can capitalize on the benefits of clan culture while overcoming challenges Keywords: Hierarchy Clan Culture; Business Performance; Opportunities; Collaboration","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"63 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural Influences and Organizational Performance","authors":"Silva Opuala-Charles, Ibigbemi Seun Samuel","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study conducted an analysis of extant empirical research on organizational culture and its impact on organizational performance. The objective is examine various dimensions of organizational culture and performance, providing a nuanced conceptual framework. Through an extensive review of the literature, it showed that organizational culture exerts a substantial influence on the functioning, personnel dynamics, and operational execution across a diverse array of enterprises. Research posits that when employees exhibit dedication and align with the core values of their employers, they markedly enhance their performance in advancing the organization's overarching objectives. It is recommended, among other measures, that managers and executives be actively encouraged to cultivate a robust organizational culture, thereby bolstering the collective performance of the workforce and fortifying the overall viability of the business. Keywords: Cultural Influences; Organization Culture; Organization Performance; Employee’s Commitment","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135459989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adhocracy and Business Performance in Nigeria","authors":"Silva Opuala-Charles, Ikuroaa Daerego Jack","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explored the relationship between adhocracy culture and business performance in Nigeria. Related literature was reviewed in which key elements, including autonomy, experimentation, decentralization, employee empowerment, and collaboration, were examined. These studies emphasized how these elements contribute to organizational performance. The study further highlighted the importance of various dimensions of business performance in Nigeria, such as financial performance, market share, customer satisfaction, operational efficiency, innovation, and employee engagement, for assessing the country's economic growth. It was discovered from the reviews that adhocracy culture positively influences innovation, employee engagement, organizational agility, collaboration, and talent attraction and retention. Empirical evidence from various studies in Nigeria is cited to support these claims, showcasing the beneficial outcomes of adhocracy culture on performance indicators across different industries. The findings of this research affirm that adhocracy culture plays a pivotal role in shaping the business performance of Nigerian organizations. The implications extend to business practices, urging organizations to foster an adhocracy culture that embraces flexibility, experimentation, and continuous learning. This culturaltransformation will position Nigerian businesses for success in the ever-evolving and competitive landscape of the country's economy. Keywords: Adhocracy; Business Performance; Organizational Culture; Employee Empowerment; Collaboration","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135460415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Brain Drain among Nigerian Doctors: Country’s Implications and Policy Responses","authors":"Mina Tele Ikuru, Silva Opuala-Charles","doi":"10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, the migration of medical doctors has shown remarkable trends. In Nigeria, the medical profession stands out as one of the most mobile, highly skilled occupations and grapples with severe labor shortages. This study delves into two primary aspects. Firstly, it examines the main theoretical contributions and historical evolution of two phenomena: brain drain and medical brain drain. Secondly, it aims to raise inquiries, provide insights, pinpoint critical concerns, and propose potential solutions to curtail the emigration of medical doctors from Nigeria to developed nations. Secondary data source through desktop research was employed. Descriptive and explanatory research designs were used with mixed method research methodology involving qualitative and quantitative methods. Our results reveal that the attractive remuneration of doctors, a pleasant working environment, and adequate provisions for career advancement in the destination countries are among the pull factors for doctors' brain drain. In like manner, the surge in demand for healthcare services and improvements in medical technology in the receiving country act as driving forces behind the migration of medical doctors from developing nations, such as Nigeria. Keywords: Brain Drain; Migration; Poor Wages; Opportunities; Remuneration","PeriodicalId":231169,"journal":{"name":"DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135519369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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