Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of first-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with or without anti-angiogenesis therapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a network meta-analysis.","authors":"Linjing Zhou, Yuwei Li, Le Wang, Kaiyan Chen, Shichao Zhou, Yunfei Chen, Jing Sun, Yunfeng Tong, Yun Fan","doi":"10.1177/17588359251348310","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251348310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy, with or without angiogenesis inhibitors, have been investigated as the first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, it remains unclear which treatment modalities are the most effective and safest, as comparative studies evaluating these treatment options are limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This article aims to compare the relative efficacy and safety of ICIs + Chemo + angiogenesis inhibitors versus ICIs + Chemo as the first-line treatment for ES-SCLC.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A network meta-analysis was conducted to systematically compare the efficacy and safety data obtained from various clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Data source and methods: </strong>This study presents a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of data sourced from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and major international conferences up to August 31, 2024. Furthermore, this study analyzed both published works and gray literature on randomized clinical trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A comprehensive analysis was conducted on 10 phase III RCTs comprising 2672 untreated ES-SCLC patients treated with two PD-L1 inhibitor combinations with angiogenesis inhibitors (ICIs + Chemo + angiogenesis) and eight PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor combinations (ICIs + Chemo). Patients treated with ICIs + Chemo + angiogenesis inhibitors had higher progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.47-0.66) and overall response rate (ORR) (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.17-2.31) compare to those who were treated with ICIs + Chemo. However, no significant difference was observed in the overall survival (OS; HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.79-1.19) and Grade ⩾ 3 adverse events (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.81-2.04) between these patients. The subgroup analyses revealed that the addition of angiogenesis inhibitors improved the OS in patients under 65 years. Moreover, PFS was improved in all subgroups except the central nervous system metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that first-line immunochemotherapy combined with angiogenesis inhibitors improves PFS and ORR in ES-SCLC patients; however, it did not affect OS. Therefore, it was inferred that patients under the age of 65 can gain survival benefits from the addition of anti-angiogenic therapy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>INPLASY (INPLASY2023110061).</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251348310"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pembrolizumab and all-trans retinoic acid combination treatment of advanced melanoma: long-term survival update.","authors":"Jessica S W Borgers, Theresa M Medina, William A Robinson, Kasey L Couts, Elizabeth N Katsnelson, Claire M Muckle, Eduardo Davilla, Sapna P Patel, Dexiang Gao, Richard P Tobin, Martin D McCarter","doi":"10.1177/17588359251349321","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251349321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary analysis of the phase I/II clinical trial combining pembrolizumab with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for patients with metastatic melanoma showed a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 20.3 months and median overall survival (OS) not reached.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Report 5-year OS and PFS rates.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In this single-center, single-arm trial (NCT03200847), 24 anti-PD-1 naïve patients with metastatic melanoma were enrolled between 10/2017 and 07/2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate OS and PFS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At data cutoff (May 14, 2024), all patients had completed treatment, and 58% (<i>n</i> = 14) remained alive with a median follow-up of 48 months. The updated 5-year OS rate is 54.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 36.4-82.1), and the 5-year PFS is 36.1% (95% CI: 21.0-62.2), with 33% (<i>n</i> = 8) having an ongoing complete response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results underscore the long-term clinical benefit of combining anti-PD-1 with ATRA, with survival rates comparable to anti-PD-1/combinations but with lower toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251349321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between HBsAg/HBV DNA and prognosis in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.","authors":"Qiuying Qin, Yuanyuan Zheng, Yiran Wang, Fei Zhou, Dong Li, Linlin Jin, Mujia Zhu, Yabing Guo, Rong Fan, Jinlin Hou, Xiaoyong Zhang, Hongyan Liu","doi":"10.1177/17588359251347469","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251347469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Blocking the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis could reverse the immune tolerance in the liver microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the efficacy and the safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and the possibility of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels as prognostic biomarkers in patients with HBV-related HCC.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed patients with HBV-related HCC and positive quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) who received PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy at least once. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR), with the secondary endpoint being disease control rate (DCR). Cox regression models were used to illustrate the association of patient characteristics with survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 235 patients with HBV-related HCC were included in this study. The median OS for all patients was 20.9 months. The ORR and DCR were 15.7% and 70.6%, respectively. Baseline HBV DNA levels were associated with DCR (<i>p</i> = 0.004). Patients in the qHBsAg-response group in the fourth week had a longer OS after PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment compared to those in the qHBsAg nonresponse group (29.1 months vs 14.9 months, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that positive baseline HBV DNA (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 2.6, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and qHBsAg nonresponse at week 4 after PD-1/PD-L1inhibitor therapy (aHR = 2.2, <i>p</i> = 0.04) were independent risk factors for survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy in patients with HBV-related HCC showed better efficacy and safety. Negative HBV DNA and a short-term decline in qHBsAg from baseline were associated with superior survival prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251347469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful sphincter preservation and long-term survival in a patient with ultra-low locally advanced rectal cancer treated with photodynamic therapy combined with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Dan Zou, Baohong Gu, Yifan Li, Ying Yan, Huanhuan Ma, Kai Wang, Weiyi Chen, Bofang Wang, Hao Chen","doi":"10.1177/17588359251345927","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251345927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultra-low locally advanced rectal cancer presents significant challenges for sphincter-preserving surgery due to its anatomical constraints and limited response to conventional neoadjuvant therapies. This case report describes a patient diagnosed with stage IIIb (cT3N2M0) ultra-low rectal cancer who had a strong preference for sphincter preservation. Given the suboptimal efficacy of standard treatments in achieving sufficient tumor downstaging, a comprehensive 6-month neoadjuvant regimen was implemented, combining photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. PDT selectively induced tumor necrosis, disrupted the tumor vasculature, enhanced therapeutic agent penetration, and transformed the tumor microenvironment into an immune-responsive state. This multimodal approach resulted in significant tumor regression, facilitating sphincter-preserving radical resection. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed a pathological complete response, and the patient remains disease-free, with a progression-free survival exceeding 48 months. This case highlights the potential of a multimodal treatment approach, combining PDT with systemic therapies, to enhance tumor downstaging, potentiate the efficacy of immunotherapy, and improve sphincter preservation rates in ultra-low locally advanced rectal cancer. This integrated strategy offers a promising approach for optimizing clinical outcomes in these challenging cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251345927"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy after breast cancer: latest evidence and practical considerations.","authors":"Nadia Mordenfeld Kozlovsky, Ann H Partridge, Tal Sella","doi":"10.1177/17588359251346648","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251346648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in breast cancer care have significantly improved survival rates in women of all ages; however, young survivors face unique challenges related to fertility, pregnancy, and maternal-fetal health which may impact on their medical and psychosocial outcomes. Increasingly, young women are diagnosed with breast cancer before completing their reproductive plans and goals and may undergo gonadotoxic therapies and prolonged endocrine therapy with age-related fertility decline. Pretreatment counseling is critical to manage expectations, align reproductive and treatment goals, plan future childbearing opportunities, and refer for fertility preservation interventions when needed. Evidence supports the safety of pregnancy and breastfeeding in posttreatment scenarios, with individual risks and treatment histories carefully evaluated. The growing use of novel agents like CDK4/6 inhibitors, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors for which there are little to no data regarding impact on fertility highlights the urgent need for further research in this area. Patient-centered, multidisciplinary approaches applied throughout the disease trajectory remain essential to support the reproductive health and overall quality of life of young breast cancer survivors navigating the reproductive complexities of modern breast cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251346648"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ramucirumab and erlotinib combination as first-line treatment for advanced or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer harboring <i>EGFR</i> Exon21 L858R mutation: a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study in Japan (REAL-SPEED).","authors":"Masashi Ishihara, Takahisa Kawamura, Yukiko Namba, Yuki Takeyasu, Yukihiro Hasegawa, Yuki Sato, Yoshiki Negi, Tomohiro Oba, Toshiyuki Sumi, Hirokuni Hirata, Hidemitsu Funabashi, Yuko Oya, Hajime Kikuchi, Naoko Katsurada, Takeshi Nakatani, Keiko Tanimura, Taku Nakagawa, Naoya Takeda, Takahiro Asami, Osamu Honjo, Hiromi Nagashima, Takumi Yamaura, Norihiko Hata, Miyako Kitazono, Naoya Nishioka, Akihiro Tamiya, Yuichi Sakamori, Ryota Shigaki, Kyoichi Kaira, Ryoichi Honda, Takashi Matsui, Eriko Suzuki, Kentaro Ito, Kojiro Otsuka, Naoto Takase, Yusuke Murakami, Kazuhiko Matsuno, Sumito Inoue, Akira Kisohara, Sojiro Kusumoto, Hiroe Aoshima, Yumiko Kakizaki, Akihito Kubo, Akito Hata, Nobuhisa Ishikawa, Kosuke Hamai, Nobuhiro Kanaji, Toshihiro Misumi, Noriyuki Matsutani, Nobuhiko Seki","doi":"10.1177/17588359251344010","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251344010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>EGFR</i> L858R mutation is associated with poorer efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) than <i>EGFR</i> Ex19del in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, ramucirumab (RAM) + erlotinib (ERL) therapy exhibited comparable efficacy between patients with L858R mutation and Ex19del mutation (median progression-free survival (PFS): 19.6 vs 19.4 months) in the RELAY study, with favorable PFS for both gene mutations at 19.4 months in the Japanese subset. Meanwhile, the FLAURA study revealed shorter PFS with osimertinib (OSI) for L858R mutation than Ex19del mutation, with poorer PFS in the Japanese subset than in the overall population. The treatment discontinuation rates of RAM + ERL and OSI in Japanese patients were 18% and 29%, respectively. Consequently, RAM + ERL may exhibit superior efficacy and safety in Japanese patients with the L858R mutation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of RAM + ERL as a first-line treatment for advanced or recurrent NSCLC harboring the L858R mutation in Japanese patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A multicenter, noninterventional, retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>This study will involve patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC (ECOG PS score 0-2) with L858R mutation who received RAM + ERL between November 1, 2020 and August 31, 2023, with the planned sample size of 200 patients. The primary endpoint is time to treatment failure, and the secondary endpoints are overall survival, PFS, PFS2, time to discontinuation of any EGFR-TKI, time to failure of strategy, objective response rate, disease control rate, and safety. Exploratory endpoints are effects of ERL and RAM on PD-L1 expression and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first retrospective study focusing on L858R mutations associated with the RELAY regimen, providing the corresponding real-world data.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>UMIN Clinical Trials Registry identifier: UMIN000052047.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251344010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging evidence of targeting non-oncogenic drivers for gastric cancer: Claudin18.2 and beyond.","authors":"Kazumasa Yamamoto, Izuma Nakayama, Kohei Shitara","doi":"10.1177/17588359251344804","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251344804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 was the first successful molecular target in treating gastric cancer, marking a significant milestone for targeted therapies. Emerging evidence on Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2) has recently reshaped the paradigm of therapeutic targets, expanding the focus beyond conventional oncogenic drivers. Therapeutic strategies now target tumor-associated molecules which highly expressed in tumors but are not necessarily critical for tumor growth or survival. Molecules such as trophoblast cell surface antigen 2, Caprin-1, and Nectin-4 are promising non-oncogenic targets for advanced gastric cancer treatment. Innovative therapeutic approaches, such as antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, have accelerated the potential of targeting tissue-associated antigens. This review provides an update on CLDN18.2-directed therapies and explores the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting non-oncogenic drivers. In addition, we discuss ongoing challenges, including biomarker overlap, resistance mechanisms, and future directions for next-generation molecular targeted therapy in gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251344804"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characteristics of HER2-positive microinvasive breast cancer and the necessity of systemic adjuvant therapy in these patients: a multicenter real-world study.","authors":"Bo Lan, Dan Lv, Changyuan Guo, Zitong Feng, Ying Fan, Tao Sun, Jiayi Huang, Xiaoying Sun, Fei Ma, Binghe Xu","doi":"10.1177/17588359251345716","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251345716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is currently a lack of sufficient evidence on the prognosis of human epidermal factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive microinvasive breast cancer (MIBC) and whether chemotherapy (CT) and targeted therapy can bring benefits.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the prognosis and treatment of HER2-positive MIBC.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective multicenter study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicenter real-world study, we consecutively enrolled patients who received local management and were diagnosed with lymph node-negative HER2-positive MIBC from January 2010 to December 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 163 patients were included. Thirty-nine patients (23.9%) received adjuvant CT, of which 12 patients (7.4%) received CT combined with trastuzumab. One patient received trastuzumab therapy alone. In total, nine patients (5.5%) experienced recurrence, and the 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate and 5-year DFS rate were both 95.1%. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients aged ⩽40 had worse outcomes than those aged >40 (3-year DFS rate 81.8% vs 96.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.046). Using propensity score matching, we matched patients who received trastuzumab or CT ± trastuzumab with those who did not receive treatment based on age, tumor size, estrogen receptor status, and number of infiltration lesions. Patients who received targeted therapy or CT ± targeted therapy did not achieve further improvement in 3-year DFS rate (95.0% vs 95.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.630).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HER2-positive MIBC has relatively good prognosis, and age ⩽40 years might be a poor prognostic factor. CT or targeted therapy seemed to bring little benefit for MIBC. Further prospective studies are needed to assess potential benefits of management for MIBC patients under the age of 40 years in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251345716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress in non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: biology and therapeutic strategies.","authors":"Ahmet Yildirim, Marcus W Moses, Margo Gerke, Yash Jani, Jillian C Thompson, Umut Akova, Mehmet A Bilen","doi":"10.1177/17588359251345722","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251345722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-clear cell renal cell carcinomas (nccRCC) comprise a heterogeneous group of rare malignancies, accounting for approximately 20% of all kidney cancers. Given the rarity of these diverse subsets of RCC, the treatment paradigm for nccRCC is often based on treatment strategies utilized in the management of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which may not fully address the distinct molecular and genetic drivers unique to nccRCC tumors. However, recent advances in the molecular characterization of nccRCC have led to the identification of new therapeutic targets, resulting in the development of more targeted therapies for nccRCC treatment. Furthermore, the role of molecular characterization of renal tumors is emphasized in the 2022 World Health Organization reclassification of genitourinary tumors, given that delineation of renal tumor subtypes now also relies on genetic markers. In order to highlight this evolving treatment landscape, our review provides a comprehensive summary of recent progress related to the biology and management of nccRCC subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251345722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controversies and clinical unknowns in the use of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer.","authors":"Uma A Mukherjee, Rowan E Miller, Jonathan A Ledermann","doi":"10.1177/17588359251343973","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17588359251343973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have significantly improved the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer, however, there are still many aspects of their use that require further understanding. The optimal duration, timing and dosage of these agents and how to manage (oligo) progression occurring both during and following PARPi therapy are discussed. The evidence supporting their rechallenge, and how to overcome resistance are addressed. The long-term impacts of PARPi and monitoring patients during therapy are all important research themes to expand on.</p>","PeriodicalId":23053,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology","volume":"17 ","pages":"17588359251343973"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}