The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls最新文献

{"title":"Effect of argon laser before and after surgery on primary pterygium recurrence","authors":"Aya Abd-Elkhalak, S. Shalaby, Nermien Salah Mohammed","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_118_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_118_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Pterygium is a common ocular surface lesion originating in the limbal conjunctiva. It has a high recurrence rate after excision; thus, there are multiple surgeries and adjuvant therapies to avoid this high recurrence rate. Aim The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of argon laser photocoagulation before and after surgery on primary pterygium recurrence. Patients and methods This study is a prospective interventional study that included a total of 20 eyes of 20 patients divided into two groups randomly: The follow-up period ranged between 6 and 15 months (mean: 10.5 months). Results The recurrence rate in group A was 20%, but in group B, it was 50%. However, it is still statistically insignificant (P=0.160); there was a highly significant difference between pterygium length on the cornea before and after treatment in recurrent cases in groups A and B, with shorter length in group A (P<0.01). Inflammatory signs and irritative symptoms resolved within 1–2 weeks in the two study groups, but it was faster in group A than in group B, with a statistically insignificant difference (P=0.196). Epithelial healing occurred within 1–2 weeks in the two study groups, but it was faster in group B than group A, with a statistically insignificant difference (P=0.673), and the mean time till recurrence was 7.5 months in group A and 7.8 months in group B, with a statistically insignificant difference (P=0.846). Conclusion Argon laser photocoagulation has benefits if used as adjuvant therapy to the bare sclera technique in pterygium excision as it decreases the recurrence rate. If recurrence occurs, the length of the recurrent pterygium on the cornea is less than the length preoperatively.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84250246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the febrile seizures in children and complete blood count inflammatory indices","authors":"Mohammed Hassan, A. Elsayeh, M. Hassan","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_105_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_105_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background A lot of effort has been put in to identify the pathophysiology of febrile seizures (FS) in children, but it has not entirely caught on. Severity of inflammation and pattern of immune system stimulation are of apparent significance in FS pathogenesis among susceptible children. So, the role of subtypes of immune system cells (such as macrophages and lymphocytes) and inflammatory indices [such as red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and MPV/mean platelet count ratio (MPR)] in FS needs more evaluation. Objective To investigate the applicability of RDW, NLR, MPV, and MPR in children with FS. Patients and methods A sample of 50 children with FS and 50 age-matched and sex-matched controls (had a febrile illness without seizures) were sequentially enrolled in this work. Venous samples for complete blood count had been obtained within 2 h of FS, and then the values of RDW, NLR, MPV, and MPR were calculated, tabulated, and statistically analyzed in both groups. Results We noted that the raised NLR and MPR values were linked with raised likelihood of FS. The optimum cutoff values of NLR and MPR for FS probability were 1.25 and 0.024, whereas the area under the curve was 0.664 and 0.822, successively. The mean values of MPV were statistically significantly decreased in complex febrile seizure (CFS) when compared with simple febrile seizure (SFS). However, there was no significant statistical difference between CFS and SFS regarding NLR and MPR mean values. Furthermore, we found that there was no significant statistical difference regarding mean values of RDW either between FS and controls or between CFS and SFS. Conclusions Increased NLR and MPR values in FS support the hypothesis of white cell subset implication in FS generation, and our study guaranteed that MPV is a simple, but limited, indicator in distinguishing CFS from SFS.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86479967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Toll-like receptor-4 and soluble Toll-like receptor-4 in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative sepsis","authors":"Safaa Bedewy, Amal Ayoub, S. Rehim, E. Hassan","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_130_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_130_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Sepsis is a serious inflammatory clinical syndrome with poor outcome, triggered mostly by Gram-negative infections. Dysregulated Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)-mediated innate responses play a role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Aim of work This study aimed to evaluate the levels of expression of TLR4 on neutrophils and monocytes in patients with different degrees of sepsis, to estimate serum levels of soluble TLR4 (sTLR4), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and C-reactive protein (CRP) in these patients and to compare these results with those of controls and to correlate the results with disease severity and outcome. Patients and methods Ninety individuals were included. Forty five patients were classified into 2 groups (35 with sepsis and 10 with septic shock); all patients were selected from among systemic inflammatory syndrome (SIRS) patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit after positive blood culture for Gram-negative bacilli. A total of 45 healthy controls were also recruited. All participants were subjected to the following investigations: evaluation of expression of TLR4 on neutrophils and monocytes (by flow cytometry) and determination of serum levels of sTLR4 and TNF-α (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and quantitative CRP (qCRP; by turbidimetry). Results were correlated with disease severity and outcome. Results The most common isolated organism was Klebsiella pneumoniae (40%). Among all the isolated organisms, 56.6% were multi-drug resistant. The most common primary site of infection was the lower respiratory tract. Out of the 45 patients studied, 30 patients died. In both patient subgroups, compared with the controls, the following was observed: a significant increase in TLR4 expression on neutrophils and monocytes (P<0.001), increased levels of sTLR4 (P<0.001), qCRP (P<0.001), and a non-significant difference in TNF-α (P=0.128). Conclusion Increased levels of sTLR4 are accompanied by reduced levels of TNF-α, but not qCRP, in patients with sepsis. TLR4 and sTLR4 may be useful diagnostic markers for identifying patients with sepsis among SIRS patients.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82665019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of micropure ultrasound in the assessment of grouped breast microcalcifications with or without a mass lesion","authors":"Dina Abolimon, Mohamed Aggag, M. Elkhalek, Mohammad Ahmad Amin","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_116_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_116_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Grouped microcalcifications are the tiny grouping of the many calcifications seen on mammography. For pathological examination of mass-free clustered microcalcifications, a mammography is considered because its visualization by conventional ultrasound is limited. Therefore, MicroPure imaging improves its detection and visualization. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of MicroPure ultrasound in the diagnosis and characterization of breast microcalcifications with or without a mass in women undergoing-guided biopsies by ultrasound. Patients and methods Thirty women who were referred for breast imaging and diagnosis from Surgery and Oncology Departments to the Radiodiagnosis Department at Tanta Cancer Center were included in this study. Results In terms of diagnosis, 26 (86.7%) women had a mass, in two women (6.7%), a mass was discovered during screening and in two women (6.7%), a mass was discovered during follow-up. There were 26 (86.7%) women with a clustered distribution and four (13.3%) with a segmental distribution. The mean value of microcalcification detected by mammography was 12.87±6.64. Eleven women (36.7%) had benign masses and 19 (63.3%) had malignant masses. In terms of histopathology, 11 (36.7%) women were ductal carcinoma in situ, eight (26.7%) were invasive ductal carcinoma, six (20%) with distal hyperplasia without atypia, two (6.7%) with atypical ductal hyperplasia, two (6.7%) with sclerosing adenosis and one (3.3%) with fibroadenosis. Regarding ultrasound B (US B) mode, 17 (56.7%) women were visible and 13 (43.4%) were not visible. Regarding MicroPure, 25 (83.3%) women were visible and five (16.7%) were not visible. The mean value of microcalcification detected by MicroPure and US B mode are 8.8±6.61 and 5.97±6.7, respectively. Conclusions MicroPure scanning is a hopeful ultrasound tool that might enhance the sensitivity for diagnosis clustered microcalcifications which are not combined with breast mass on mammography.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90469947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of intralesional injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) in the management of primary pterygium","authors":"Mai Abdel Aziz Nasef, Nashwa Saleh, S. Mohamed","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_132_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_132_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Pterygium is a triangular encroachment of the conjunctiva onto the cornea. Objectives This study aimed to assess the role of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (Avastin) in the management of primary pterygium. Patients and methods This was an interventional study. This study was carried out at the Ophthalmology Department of AL-Zahraa University Hospital. The study period was from October 2019 to September 2020. Thirty eyes from 30 patients with primary pterygia were included in this study. Results There was a difference in visual acuity between preinjection of Avastin and 3 months postinjection by mean −0.10±0.10; 16 patients showed an improvement (53.3%), while 14 patients were stable (46.7%). There is a difference in astigmatism between preinjection of Avastin and 3 months postinjection by mean (−0.15±0.33); 10 patients showed an improvement (33.3%), while 20 patients did not show an improvement (66.7%). No increase in astigmatism occurred in any patient postinjection. There was a highly significant decrease in color intensity starting from the 2nd week till the end of the 3rd month postinjection. There was no significant change in ocular tension postinjection. Conclusion Our results showed that Avastin injection is a viable option in arresting the progress of pterygium and improving the cosmetic appearance, with a slight decrease in pterygium dimensions, which in turn improved the degree of astigmatism produced by pterygium.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79116196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study between a short segment with incorporating screws versus long-segment pedicle-screw fixation in management of unstable thoracolumbar spine fractures","authors":"S. Salama, Hesham Elsaady Farhoud, H. Elbehairy","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_126_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_126_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Posterior pedicle screw fixation has become a popular method for treating thoracolumbar burst fractures. However, it remains unclear whether additional fixation of more segments could improve clinical and radiological outcomes. Aim and objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of a short segment with incorporating screws versus long-segment posterior stabilization using transpedicular screws for management of unstable thoracolumbar spine fractures. Patients and methods This was a prospective retrospective comparative clinical trial with 20 patients’ short segment with incorporating screws and long-segment fixation in another 20 patients. The duration of the study ranged from 6 to 12 months. Results There is a significant difference between the two studied groups as regards angle correction; however, there is a significant reduction in angle correction in both groups: group A more than group B, and there is a significant difference between the two studied groups regarding complications that were more frequent in group B. Conclusion Short-segment fixation (including the fractured vertebrae) in the thoracolumbar region is as effective as the long segment with good spinal canal restoration and correction of kyphotic angle and may enhance the regaining of neurological function although better results were achieved radiologically by long-segment fixation while clinically they are the same results.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81294682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of intralesional methotrexate in the treatment of alopecia areata","authors":"S. Abdelsalam, Mervat Hamdino, Hanan Darwish","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_101_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_101_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Alopecia areata (AA) treatment is still challenging as multiple treatment options are available, but there is no fully curative or preventive treatment. Aim To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intralesional methotrexate (MTX) in the treatment of localized AA both clinically and dermoscopically. Patients and methods A total of 30 patients aged 18–55 years with localized AA were enrolled in this study. Each patient was treated by intralesional MTX (25 mg/ml) at 2-week intervals for four sessions and followed up for 3 months. The target lesions were evaluated clinically using regrowth scale and dermoscopically at the end of sessions, 1, 2, and 3 months after treatment. Results At the end of study, the response rate to intralesional MTX was ∼93.3%, and 15 (50.0%) patients showed a score of 4 (regrowth ≥75%). There was a statistically significant difference in regrowth scale between end of sessions, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of follow-up. There was also statistically significant reduction in dermoscopic parameters at the end of sessions, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of follow-up with a significant clinicodermoscopic relation between regrowth scale and dermoscopic findings. No patient (0.0%) showed recurrence. Conclusion Intralesional MTX can be an effective and safe therapeutic option for localized AA with no significant adverse effects. Dermoscopy can be used for evaluating the response of AA lesion to treatment.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85711666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of fractional CO2 laser versus long-pulsed Nd : YAG laser (1064 nm) in skin photorejuvenation","authors":"Ayat Bersy, F. Abdel-Kawi, Y. Hamed","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_50_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_50_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Skin photorejuvenation is a common cosmetic demand in which restoration of characteristics of youthfulness can be achieved using light pulses from lasers. Aim To study efficacy and safety of nonablative long-pulsed Nd : YAG laser versus ablative fractional CO2 laser in skin photorejuvenation. Patients and methods This prospective comparative study included 40 patients with fine to deep facial wrinkles. Patients were classified into two groups according to the method of treatment. A total of 20 patients were treated with fractional CO2 laser (group 1), and the other 20 patients were treated with Nd : YAG laser (group 2). Treatment with each modality was conducted for three sessions with 1-month interval. Efficacy was assessed by clinical assessment, photographic evaluation, and histopathological evaluation. Results Both treatment modalities resulted in clinical and histopathological improvement in facial wrinkles with nonstatistically significant difference between them. Conclusion Both fractional CO2 and Nd : YAG lasers are effective and safe in facial wrinkle reduction. Fractional CO2 laser showed slightly better results, but patients experienced less discomfort with Nd : YAG laser.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80819980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study between topical clotrimazole manufactured by nanotechnology alone and with neodymium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser (1064 nm) compared with neodymium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser alone in the treatment of onychomycosis","authors":"Wafaa Eid, Faten Aabdelkawy, Asmaa M.Elbakry, Marwa Said","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_108_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_108_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Onychomycosis is defined as a fungal infection of the nail. It is caused by dermatophytes, nondermatophytes, and yeasts. Nanosuspension is defined as a submicron colloidal dispersion of any of the drug particles. Neodymium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd : YAG) laser has been reported to be effective for treating onychomycosis. The aim was to compare topical clotrimazole-loaded gel alone and with Nd : YAG laser compared with Nd : YAG laser only in patients with mycologically proven onychomycosis. Patients and methods A total of 60 patients presented with onychomycosis. All patients were subjected to a full history taking, dermoscopic and clinical examination, assessment of severity by using the onychomycosis severity index, and culture. Results There was a statistically significant response (decrease in onychomycosis severity index, dermoscopic features, and mycological clearance) in patients treated by both topical clotrimazole and Nd : YAG laser compared with laser alone or topical clotrimazole-loaded gel alone. Conclusion Clotrimazole-loaded gel showed high efficacy against Candida and can be used as an adjuvant to systemic or topical antifungal treatment for onychomycosis or laser system.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77585183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of poliovirus immunoglobulin G antibodies level in the healthy, overweight, and obese children","authors":"Shimaa Ahmed Mohammed, Hoda Seoud, Marwa Elhady, Asmaa S Hassan","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_104_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_104_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Obesity is a disease of multiple complex causes, leading to accumulation of excess body fat owing to imbalance between energy intake and output. Adiposity produces a state of chronic inflammation that adversely affects the immune system, which could affect the response to vaccination. Aim To evaluate the effect of overweight and obesity on the polio-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies (anti-polio immunoglobulin G) production in a sample of Egyptian children. Patients and methods This case–control study was conducted at Al Azhar University Hospital from February 2019 to February 2020. It included 150 children, aged 24 months. According to BMI centiles, they were classified into three groups: obese group and overweight group, each included 45 children, and 60 nonobese age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. All children fulfilled both the obligatory vaccination schedule as well as additional doses. Assessment of anti-polio antibody production was done using qualitative enzyme immunoassay technique kits. Results A significantly higher anti-polio antibody production was observed in nonobese group compared with both obese and overweight children. Additional doses of polio vaccine were associated with a significant increase in antibody titer in healthy children but not in either overweight or obese children. Conclusion Obesity and overweight adversely affect the antibody production against polio vaccine.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79822832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}