The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry最新文献_第4页

Randomised sham-controlled study of high-frequency bilateral deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) to treat adult attention hyperactive disorder (ADHD): Negative results 高频双侧深经颅磁刺激(dTMS)治疗成人注意多动障碍(ADHD)的随机假对照研究:阴性结果

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1282170

Y. Paz, K. Friedwald, Y. Levkovitz, A. Zangen, U. Alyagon, U. Nitzan, A. Segev, H. Maoz, M. Koubi, Y. Bloch

{"title":"Randomised sham-controlled study of high-frequency bilateral deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) to treat adult attention hyperactive disorder (ADHD): Negative results","authors":"Y. Paz, K. Friedwald, Y. Levkovitz, A. Zangen, U. Alyagon, U. Nitzan, A. Segev, H. Maoz, M. Koubi, Y. Bloch","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2017.1282170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2017.1282170","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: Recent studies support the possible effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and possible efficacy of bilateral prefrontal deep rTMS for the treatment of adult ADHD. Methods: Twenty-six adult ADHD patients were randomised blindly to sham or actual deep TMS (dTMS). Twenty daily sessions were conducted using the bilateral H5 dTMS coil (Brainsway, IL) in order to stimulate the prefrontal cortex at 120% of the motor threshold at high frequency. For assessment, Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale questionnaire and a computerised continuous performance test, Test of Variables of Attention, were used. Results: No differences in clinical outcomes were detected between the actual dTMS and sham groups. Conclusions: The presented evidence does not support the utility of bilateral prefrontal stimulation to treat adult ADHD. Due to the small sample size, caution must be exercised in interpreting our preliminary findings.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"5 1","pages":"561 - 566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84856873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Choline acetyltransferase may contribute to the risk of Tourette syndrome: Combination of family-based analysis and case–control study 胆碱乙酰转移酶可能增加抽动秽语综合征的风险:基于家庭分析和病例对照研究的结合

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1282176

Xiuling Yang, Wenmiao Liu, Mingji Yi, Ru Zhang, Yinglei Xu, Zuzhou Huang, Shiguo Liu, Tang Li

{"title":"Choline acetyltransferase may contribute to the risk of Tourette syndrome: Combination of family-based analysis and case–control study","authors":"Xiuling Yang, Wenmiao Liu, Mingji Yi, Ru Zhang, Yinglei Xu, Zuzhou Huang, Shiguo Liu, Tang Li","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2017.1282176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2017.1282176","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: Twin and family analyses have revealed a genetic contribution to Tourette syndrome (TS) and post-mortem studies have raised the intriguing possibility of a reduction in cholinergic interneuronsin TS patients. Methods: We selected five tag SNPs (rs100824791, rs12264845, rs1880676, rs3793790 and rs3793798) of choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) from the Han Chinese population Hapmap database. Genotyping was conducted on 401 TS nuclear family trios and 405 control subjects. Transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and haplotype relative risk (HRR) analyses were used to analyse the family-based study and a case–control study was also used to assess the genetic susceptibility to TS. Results: The results revealed a significant over-transmission of rs3793790 (TDT, χ2 = 9.121, P = 0.003; HRR, χ2 = 6.579, P = 0.01), while case–control analysis found no differences between the two groups (genotype, χ2 = 0.436, P = 0.804; allele, χ2 = 0.149, P = 0.700). Also, rs3793798 also indicated a positive association associated with TS (TDT, χ2 = 5.025, P = 0.028; HRR, χ2 = 0.250, P = 0.617). However, the other three SNPs investigated were found not to be associated with TS in both in the family-based and case–control studies. Conclusions: Our association analysis demonstrates that CHAT may contribute to TS susceptibility in the Han Chinese population. This gives strong support to the involvement of cholinergic interneurons in the aetiology of TS and reveals a potential therapeutic target.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"70 1","pages":"521 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89834614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Hyperactivity and impulsivity in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is related to glutamatergic dysfunction in the anterior cingulate cortex 成人注意缺陷/多动障碍的多动和冲动与前扣带皮层谷氨酸能功能障碍有关

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1262060

J. Bauer, A. Werner, W. Kohl, H. Kugel, A. Shushakova, A. Pedersen, P. Ohrmann

{"title":"Hyperactivity and impulsivity in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is related to glutamatergic dysfunction in the anterior cingulate cortex","authors":"J. Bauer, A. Werner, W. Kohl, H. Kugel, A. Shushakova, A. Pedersen, P. Ohrmann","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2016.1262060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2016.1262060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is closely linked to the dysregulation of dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission in the fronto-striatal neural network, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Additionally, increasing evidence supports the involvement of the glutamatergic system in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Impulsivity, a core symptom in patients with ADHD, has been repeatedly associated with glutamatergic neurotransmission, and pharmacological treatment of ADHD has been shown to reduce glutamate levels in the prefrontal cortex. Methods: We investigated glutamate levels in the ACC and the DLPFC in 30 adults with ADHD and 30 healthy controls using single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy on a 3T scanner. Results: The ADHD group showed a significant increase in glutamate in the ACC compared to controls, no significant differences in metabolites were observed in the DLPFC. Overall, glutamate levels in the ACC were positively correlated with ADHD symptomatology, especially hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms. Conclusions: Increased levels of glutamate in the ACC, which were positively correlated with hyperactivity and impulsivity, support the hypothesis that dysfunctional glutamatergic neurotransmission is at least partially responsible for ADHD symptomatology. Modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission might therefore be a promising avenue for future pharmacological interventions.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"14 1","pages":"538 - 546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88964461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 44

Prefrontal cortex dysfunction in hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy contributes to executive function impairments in rats: Potential contribution for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder 缺氧缺血性脑病的前额皮质功能障碍导致大鼠执行功能障碍:可能导致注意力缺陷/多动障碍

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1273551

P. Miguel, B. F. Deniz, Iohanna Deckmann, H. D. Confortim, Ramiro Diaz, D. Laureano, P. Silveira, L. Pereira

{"title":"Prefrontal cortex dysfunction in hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy contributes to executive function impairments in rats: Potential contribution for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder","authors":"P. Miguel, B. F. Deniz, Iohanna Deckmann, H. D. Confortim, Ramiro Diaz, D. Laureano, P. Silveira, L. Pereira","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2016.1273551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2016.1273551","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: The attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compromises the quality of life of individuals including adaptation to the social environment. ADHD aetiology includes perinatal conditions such as hypoxic-ischaemic events; preclinical studies have demonstrated attentional deficits and impulsive-hyperactive outcomes after neonatal hypoxic and/or ischaemic intervention, but data are missing to understand this relationship. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate executive function (EF) and impulsivity, and tissue integrity and dopaminergic function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of rats submitted to hypoxia-ischaemia (HI). Methods: At postnatal day (PND) 7, male Wistar rats were divided into control (n = 10) and HI groups (n = 11) and the HI procedure was conducted. At PND60, the animals were tested in the attentional set-shifting (ASS) task to EF and in the tolerance to delay of reward for assessment of impulsivity. After, morphological analysis and the dopaminergic system were evaluated in the PFC. Results: Animals subjected to HI had impairments in EF evidenced by a behavioural inflexibility that was correlated to PFC atrophy. Moreover, HI animals presented reduced D2 receptors in the ipsilateral side of ischaemia in the PFC. Conclusions: Animals submitted to HI presented impaired EF associated with tissue atrophy and dopaminergic disturbance in the PFC.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"2010 1","pages":"547 - 560"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86298161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Anxiety and depression are associated with long-term outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma: A nationwide study of a cohort from Taiwan 焦虑和抑郁与肝细胞癌的长期预后相关:台湾一项全国性队列研究

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1273548

King-Teh Lee, Jin‐Jia Lin, Hon-Yi Shi

{"title":"Anxiety and depression are associated with long-term outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma: A nationwide study of a cohort from Taiwan","authors":"King-Teh Lee, Jin‐Jia Lin, Hon-Yi Shi","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2016.1273548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2016.1273548","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: A natural experimental design was coupled with propensity score matching to assess the risks of anxiety and depression and to assess the longitudinal effects of anxiety and depression on healthcare utilisation and mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Methods: This nationwide population-based cohort study retrospectively analysed 7304 patients treated for HCC during 1996–2010. Generalised estimating equations were used to estimate differences-in-differences models for examining the effects of anxiety and depression disorders. Results: Independent risk factors for anxiety and depression in the HCC patients were female gender (hazard ratio (HR) 1.45; P < 0.001), Charlson co-morbidity index score (HR 1.12; P = 0.005), and liver cirrhosis (HR 1.35; P = 0.004). Anxiety and depression (differences-in-differences value) had a significant (P < 0.001) positive net effect on number of physician visits. Furthermore, the mean overall survival time was 83.4 months (SD 5.4 months) in the anxiety/depression group and 65.4 months (SD 4.8 months) in the non-disorder group. Additionally, the overall survival rate was significantly higher in the anxiety/depression group compared to the non-disorder group during the study period (P = 0.003). Conclusions: Anxiety disorders and depression disorders are associated with a significantly increased overall survival rate in HCC patients. However, further studies are needed to investigate this association.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"115 1","pages":"431 - 439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79448566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Repatriation is associated with isthmus cingulate cortex reduction in community-dwelling elderly 在社区居住的老年人中，遣返与峡扣带皮层减少有关

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1258490

R. Calati, J. Maller, C. Meslin, J. López-Castromán, K. Ritchie, P. Courtet, S. Artero

{"title":"Repatriation is associated with isthmus cingulate cortex reduction in community-dwelling elderly","authors":"R. Calati, J. Maller, C. Meslin, J. López-Castromán, K. Ritchie, P. Courtet, S. Artero","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2016.1258490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2016.1258490","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: The impact of stressful life events (SLEs) on brain anatomy is poorly understood, particularly its long-term neural consequences. We tested the hypothesis that a serious SLE (repatriation of French citizens living in Algeria in 1962) is associated with changes in brain regions previously implicated in psychopathology (hippocampus, amygdala, corpus callosum, prefrontal cortex, anterior, posterior and isthmus cingulate cortex (ICC)) in a large elderly population. Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to acquire anatomical scans from 82 subjects repatriated from Algeria and 339 subjects without this experience or any other trauma. We derived quantitative regional estimates of subcortical volume using FreeSurfer Software. The General Linear Model was used to test the association between repatriation and changes in brain volume adjusted for confounders (gender, age, education, total brain volume, traumatic brain injury, Mini Mental State Examination score at baseline, current and lifetime major depression and recent SLEs). Results: Repatriation to France was associated with reduced volume in a number of areas; however, only left and right ICC survived to false discovery rate correction. Conclusions: In the elderly a previous (approximately 40 years before) serious SLE could be associated with long-term volume reduction in the ICC, independently of psychopathology.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"83 9 1","pages":"421 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87656873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The influence of childhood abuse on cortisol levels and the cortisol awakening response in depressed and nondepressed older adults 童年虐待对抑郁和非抑郁老年人皮质醇水平和皮质醇觉醒反应的影响

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1274829

I. Wielaard, R. Schaakxs, H. Comijs, M. Stek, D. Rhebergen

{"title":"The influence of childhood abuse on cortisol levels and the cortisol awakening response in depressed and nondepressed older adults","authors":"I. Wielaard, R. Schaakxs, H. Comijs, M. Stek, D. Rhebergen","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2016.1274829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2016.1274829","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: Childhood abuse has been associated with depression in later life. This may be related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning. Therefore we aimed to examine the impact of childhood abuse and its interaction with depression on cortisol levels in older adults. Methods: Data from 418 participants (mean age 70.8 years) in the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older Persons (NESDO) were used; 187 participants experienced childhood abuse; 309 participants had a diagnosis of depression. Diurnal cortisol levels were determined using six saliva samples from every participant. Multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: Significant negative associations between childhood abuse and morning cortisol levels were found. In nondepressed persons, both psychological and sexual abuse were associated with greater dynamics of the HPA axis in response to awakening. Conclusions: Childhood abuse is associated with lower basal cortisol levels at awakening irrespective of major depressive disorder (MDD). Higher reactivity of the HPA axis during the hour after awakening was found in nondepressed participants only, which might suggest that late-life depression modifies the effect of childhood abuse on the HPA axis. Older adults with a history of childhood abuse may be more negatively affected by stress or stressful events and this is reflected in dysregulation of the HPA axis.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"41 1","pages":"440 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87098534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Neurobiology of depression: A neurodevelopmental approach 抑郁症的神经生物学:一种神经发育的方法

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1289240

J. Lima-Ojeda, R. Rupprecht, T. Baghai

引用次数: 61

Venous thromboembolism during treatment with antipsychotics: Results of a drug surveillance programme 抗精神病药物治疗期间静脉血栓栓塞:药物监测方案的结果

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1285048

M. Letmaier, R. Grohmann, C. Kren, S. Toto, S. Bleich, R. Engel, T. Gary, K. Papageorgiou, A. Konstantinidis, A. Holl, A. Painold, S. Kasper

{"title":"Venous thromboembolism during treatment with antipsychotics: Results of a drug surveillance programme","authors":"M. Letmaier, R. Grohmann, C. Kren, S. Toto, S. Bleich, R. Engel, T. Gary, K. Papageorgiou, A. Konstantinidis, A. Holl, A. Painold, S. Kasper","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2017.1285048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2017.1285048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) can be a life-threatening medical condition that may lead to leg swelling, respiratory distress and death. Methods: The AMSP (Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie) is a continuous multicentre drug surveillance programme that assesses severe adverse drug reactions during treatment of psychiatric inpatients. We report on a total of 264,422 inpatients who were treated with antipsychotics (APs) and monitored from 1993 to 2011 in 99 psychiatric hospitals. Results: During this period VTE events were reported for 89 inpatients, corresponding to an occurrence rate of 34 cases per 100,000 inpatient admissions treated with APs or 43 cases per 10,000 person-years. The occurrence of VTE was greatest in patients over the age of 65 years of age with mood disorders. The chemical class of butyrophenones (48/100,000) followed by atypical APs (36/100,000) showed the highest occurrence rate for VTE compared to thioxanthenes (23/100,000), which were less associated with VTE. If imputed alone, pipamperone (61/100,000) and risperidone (55/100,000) were most frequently associated with VTE. In general, there was no difference in occurrence rate of VTE between high- and low-potency APs. Conclusions: These results suggest that clinicians should consider AP drug exposure as a potential risk factor for VTE for patients older than 65 years. Additionally, the diagnosis of an affective disorder seems to increase the risk for VTE.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"48 1","pages":"175 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81730780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Reduced astrocyte density underlying brain volume reduction in activity-based anorexia rats 活动型厌食症大鼠脑容量减少的星形胶质细胞密度降低

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2018-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1273552

Linda Frintrop, Johanna Liesbrock, L. Paulukat, S. Johann, M. Kas, R. Tolba, N. Heussen, J. Neulen, K. Konrad, B. Herpertz-Dahlmann, C. Beyer, J. Seitz

{"title":"Reduced astrocyte density underlying brain volume reduction in activity-based anorexia rats","authors":"Linda Frintrop, Johanna Liesbrock, L. Paulukat, S. Johann, M. Kas, R. Tolba, N. Heussen, J. Neulen, K. Konrad, B. Herpertz-Dahlmann, C. Beyer, J. Seitz","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2016.1273552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2016.1273552","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: Severe grey and white matter volume reductions were found in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) that were linked to neuropsychological deficits while their underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. For the first time, we analysed the cellular basis of brain volume changes in an animal model (activity-based anorexia, ABA). Methods: Female rats had 24 h/day running wheel access and received reduced food intake until a 25% weight reduction was reached and maintained for 2 weeks. Results: In ABA rats, the volumes of the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum were significantly reduced compared to controls by 6% and 9%, respectively. The number of GFAP-positive astrocytes in these regions decreased by 39% and 23%, total astrocyte-covered area by 83% and 63%. In neurons no changes were observed. The findings were complemented by a 60% and 49% reduction in astrocyte (GFAP) mRNA expression. Conclusions: Volumetric brain changes in ABA animals mirror those in human AN patients. These alterations are associated with a reduction of GFAP-positive astrocytes as well as GFAP expression. Reduced astrocyte functioning could help explain neuronal dysfunctions leading to symptoms of rigidity and impaired learning. Astrocyte loss could constitute a new research target for understanding and treating semi-starvation and AN.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"57 1","pages":"225 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91035980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51