The Open Chemical Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Newtonian Heating on MHD Micropolar Fluid for the Influence of Heat Source","authors":"K. K. Prusty, S. Sahoo, S. Mishra","doi":"10.2174/18741231-v16-e2208220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18741231-v16-e2208220","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The current analysis deals with the flow of time-independent conducting micropolar fluid past a stretching sheet. Furthermore, the influences of magnetic field strength and heat sources are also discussed in this study. The current study is important for the growing applications of magnetism in various chemical systems like pumping, transportation, trapping, sorting, separation, etc.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In addition, the objective of the present exploration is the consideration of Newtonian heating conditions.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Transformation of nonlinear PDEs of the flow phenomena into nonlinear coupled ODEs is done using suitable similarity variables, and these are handled by employing the “Runge-Kutta fourth-order” scheme in association with the “shooting technique”. The influence of flow characteristics proposed in this study is analyzed via graphs. The engineering coefficients for various parameters are simulated numerically and deployed through the table.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Finally, it was found that the rotational viscosity dominates over the fluid viscosity and enhances the momentum profile.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 An augmentation in the Prandtl number retards the fluid temperature and the application of applied magnetic field built up the resistance that retards fluid momentum.\u0000","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80180038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Orthogonal Polynomials and Finite Moment Problem","authors":"F. Hjouj, M. Jouini","doi":"10.2174/18741231-v16-e2209260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18741231-v16-e2209260","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This paper is an improvement of a previous work on the problem recovering a function or probability density function from a finite number of its geometric moments, [1]. The previous worked solved the problem with the help of the B-Spline theory which is a great approach as long as the resulting linear system is not very large. In this work, two solution algorithms based on the approximate representation of the target probability distribution function via an orthogonal expansion are provided. One primary application of this theory is the reconstruction of the Particle Size Distribution (PSD), occurring in chemical engineering applications. Another application of this theory is the reconstruction of the Radon transform of an image at an unknown angle using the moments of the transform at known angles which leads to the reconstruction of the image form limited data.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim is to recover a probability density function from a finite number of its geometric moments.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The tool is the orthogonal expansion approach. The Shifted-Legendre Polynomials and the Chebyshev Polynomials as bases for the orthogonal expansion are used in this study.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A high degree of accuracy has been obtained in recovering a function without facing a possible ill-conditioned linear system, which is the case with many typical approaches of solving the problem. In fact, for a normalized template function f on the interval [0, 1], and a reconstructed function ; the reconstruction accuracy is measured in two domains. One is the moment domain, in which the error (difference between the moments of f and the moments of ) is zero. The other measure is the standard difference in the norm -space ||f- || which can be ≈ 10-6 or less.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This paper discusses the problem of recovering a function from a finite number of its geometric moments for the PSD application. Linear transformations were used, as needed, so that the function is supported on the unit interval [0, 1], or on [0, α] for some choice of α. This transformation forces the sequence of moments to vanish. Then, an orthogonal expansion of the Scaled Shifted Legendre Polynomials, as well as the Chebyshev Polynomials, are developed. The result shows good accuracy in recovering different types of synthetic functions. It is believed that up to fifteen moments, this approach is safe and reliable.\u0000","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81926977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Simulation of Atherosclerosis Progression Associated with Blood Pressure in a 2-D Idealized Human Carotid Artery Model","authors":"E. Alagbe, T. E. Amoo, A. O. Ayeni, Oluwakayode S. Oyedele, Vershima D. Ashiekaa","doi":"10.2174/18741231-v16-e2205260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18741231-v16-e2205260","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Cardiovascular diseases are a known health threat with no respect for age. The need to understand the initiation and progress of the disease is expedient in proper diagnosis and management of the disease.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The work is targeted at simulating the effect of elevated blood pressure on the initiation and development of plaque over time concerning wall shear stress, WSS and plaque wall stress, and PWS.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Conditions such as blood velocity, pressure, and arterial wall conditions associated with blood flow in arteries, as well as patient-specific characterization related to these variables and conditions, were plugged into modified models in the COMSOL multiphysics software. The artery was modeled as an idealized 2-D carotid artery model.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Results showed that the WSS distribution with respect to changes with a blood pressure of 500 Pa gave the highest WSS value at the plaque neck and 1500 Pa gave the highest WSS value in the regions close to the plaque root. It was also observed that as the plaque size increased, the region experiencing severely high values for WSS also expanded.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 It can be recommended that blood pressure monitoring is necessary to curb the attendant cardiovascular diseases associated with high blood pressure.\u0000","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75378610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on CO2 Absorption using Chemical Solvents at Low and High CO2 Partial Pressure Conditions in a Packed Column","authors":"H. Halim, V. Rajiman, A. Shariff","doi":"10.2174/18741231-v16-e2204140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18741231-v16-e2204140","url":null,"abstract":"CO2 removal is important for industrial flue gas treatment, biogas enhancement, and natural gas (NG) processing applications. Chemical absorption using an amine-based solvent is a proven technology for CO2 removal from various gases. In recent years, various promising amine solvents have been investigated, either as single or blended solutions, to enhance the CO2 absorption process at low and high CO2 partial pressure conditions. Low CO2 partial pressures (1 – 47 kPa) have been utilized in numerous research works focusing on flue gas treatment and biogas enhancement applications. On the other hand, high CO2 partial pressures were instead applied in NG processing ranging between 750 and 1600 kPa. To provide more insight into the current trends, existing research on CO2 absorption in amine-based solvents is presented in this review focusing on absorption performance in a packed column at low and high CO2 partial pressures. Reports on the effect of different parameters, namely CO2 partial pressure, gas, and liquid flow rates, amine concentrations, and liquid temperature, on the removal of CO2 in the packed column are included. Based on the review, the future direction is further highlighted in this area.","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84500708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Absorption Enhancement of Sodium Poly Acrylate and Poly(2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulphonic Acid) Based Hydrogel Mixtures","authors":"Sohair A. Darwish, I. Ibrahim, N. Mostafa, M. Radwan, M. A. Sadek, Hany A. Elazab","doi":"10.2174/1874123102115010049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874123102115010049","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymers which are cross-linked to form three-dimensional structures, which can absorb, swell and retain huge amounts\u0000of water or aqueous fluids.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000This paper reports the preparation and characterisation of Poly(2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulphonic Acid) (PAMPS) hydrogel with different\u0000crosslinking intensities.\u0000\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u00002-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)\u0000monomer was purchased from Alfa Aesar Company as reagent\u0000grade. It was used as received (>98% purity) without any\u0000further purification.\u0000 \u0000PAMPS hydrogel was prepared by free radical crosslinking\u0000solution polymerization of AMPS in water at room\u0000temperature under a nitrogen blanket in cylindrical glass tubes.\u0000The characteristics of the obtained PAMPS hydrogel were compared with those of commercial sodium polyacrylates\u0000hydrogel. \u0000\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 It was found that decreasing the crosslinker weight improved the absorbance capacity but to a limit. The suggested reasons were\u0000discussed. The mixture showed higher absorbance rate than PAMPS, and bigger absorbance capacity than sodium polyacrylates.\u0000\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This paper investigates the effect of crosslinker ratio on the\u0000swelling capacity of PAMPS. It was found that as the\u0000crosslinking ratio decreases, the porosity of the hydrogel\u0000increases, thus improving the swelling capacity.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75480738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutralizing Aminesin Boiler Steam and Humidified Indoor Air","authors":"A. Gomes, Ye Tao, A. Bhuiyan, Dongjie Guan, F. Memarzadeh","doi":"10.2174/1874123102115010041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874123102115010041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The health and comfort of the indoor population have been impacted by the humidity. While people are increasingly spending more time indoors, the presence of pollutants and lack of proper humidification in indoor air have significant risk factors that may lead to multiple health problems.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 By applying the right air purification and/or humidification system, the adverse effects of poor indoor air quality can be minimized. Direct steam addition is a common technique to humidify the indoor air of a building. Carbon dioxide or other acidic process contaminants may dissolve in steam or steam condensate that will consequently decrease the pH and make it corrosive for the steam distribution system. To avoid that, neutralizing amines are added to steam that keeps the pH neutral or slightly alkaline(pH 7.5-9.0). However, neutralizing amines have some toxic effects. OSHA, FDA, and NIOSH prescribe maximum concentration limits for them in indoor air. The Central Utility Plant (CUP) of National Institutes of Health (NIH) uses a 50:50 blend of cyclohexylamine and diethylaminoethanol as neutralizing agents for the steam.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The CUP at NIH presents the results of monitoring the concentration level of amines through mass balance, online monitoring at specified location of the steam distribution system and field measurement in humidified indoor air at buildings on campus.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Through theoretical calculation backed up by field measurement, the amine concentration of indoor air is determined to be well below the FDA regulated limits.\u0000","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89576024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast and Facile Voltammetric Detection of Acetaminophen at Poly (DL-phenylalanine) Modified Dysprosium-Copper Oxide Nanoparticle/Carbon Composite Paste Electrode","authors":"Shankar A. Itagi, J. G. Manjunatha, M. M. Charithra, P. Mallu, S. Sandeep, C. S. Karthik, Girish Tigari, Donnankatte N. Varun","doi":"10.2174/1874123102115010031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874123102115010031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The voltammetric sensing of Acetaminophen (AN) using modified Dysprosium Copper Oxide (DyCuO) Nanoparticles (NP) mixed Carbon Paste Electrode (MCPE) was successfully developed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The modification of bare NPMCPE was achieved by the polymerisation of DL-Phenylalanine (DLPA). The electroanalysis of the AN was achieved by utilizing the Cyclic voltammetry (CV) approaches. The crystallographic nature of the nanoparticle was studied via X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) technique. The surface morphology and electrochemical feature of the prepared electrode were evaluated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) techniques.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The modified sensor exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the electroanalysis of the AN. Several aspects, such as the number of polymerisation cycles, variation of pH, and the impact of scan rate were investigated in 0.2 M supporting electrolyte (pH 7) at a sweep rate of 0.1 Vs-1. The suggested sensor shows a very low detection limit (11.95×10-8 M) with a linear range of 2.0 to 50.0 µM, which exhibits excellent sensitivity.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The stable and reusable sensor was applied for the estimation of AN in the tablet sample. Thus, P(DLPA)MNPMCPE was utilized as the most capable sensor for the voltammetric detection of AN.\u0000","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"02 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79908335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application Of Seeding Crystallization as a Pre-Treatment Stage for The Reduction of Scaling Tendency of Seawater Feed to Thermal Desalination Units","authors":"Mazen N. Al-Amaireh","doi":"10.2174/1874123102115010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874123102115010010","url":null,"abstract":"The fouling inhibition in seawater desalination and scale control using crystallization with calcite seeds is evaluated experimentally in this study. The growth kinetic parameters are determined experimentally, correlated and discussed at different operating conditions. Supersaturation levels represent driving force behind the growth of crystals, which is influenced directly by seawater pH values and temperatures. Results indicate that the initial pH value of seawater must be controlled to be in the range (8-9) and calcite seeds will not have the potential to start the growth process in seawater at the normal pH (7.36). The growth kinetic parameters are determined from the measured desupersaturation curves. It is found that the growth process of calcite is controlled by the surface integration step. The growth rate of calcite increases with increasing temperature and seeding ratio (up to 1 g/L), while it decreases with increasing the salinity of seawater.","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75712157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Evaluation of PVDF/PAN Membranes for Separation of Oil from Industrial Waste","authors":"J. Mehta, D. Panwar, A. Metre, M. S. Bhakhar","doi":"10.2174/1874123102115010018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874123102115010018","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the experiment is to characterize the Modified Membrane from PVDF/PAN and its application in removing the Emulsified oil waste from the Industry. To get the maximum separation of the emulsified oil from the waste water, composite (PVDF/PAN) membrane was prepared in the laboratory. New PVDF/PAN blend based ultrafiltration membranes were synthesized by phase inversion method. The blend membrane was treated at room temperature with aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions. The facile eco-friendly preparation of PVDF/PAN blended membrane has a wide potential for practical applications in emulsified wastewater remediation. The chemical functionality of the modified membranes was confirmed by IR spectra. For the separation of emulsified oily wastewater, the as-prepared composite (PVDF/PAN) membrane could effectively separate oil/ water emulsions with separation efficiency of above 99.8%. Unmodified membranes (A and B) showed 95.4-99.8% rejection. However, in the case of membranes C and D, oil rejection was higher for the modified membranes as compared to the unmodified membranes.","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73721171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Fabrication of Poly (niacin) Modified Graphite Paste Electrode and its Application for the Detection of Riboflavin","authors":"J. G. Manjunatha, C. Raril, Hareesha Nagarajappa, M. M. Charithra, P. A. Pushpanjali, Girish Tigari, D. Ravishankar, S. C. Mallappaji, J. Gowda","doi":"10.2174/1874123102014010090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874123102014010090","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Chemistry, FMKMC College, Madikeri, Mangalore University Constituent College, Karnataka, India 2 Department of Chemistry, Sri Mahadeshwara Govt. First Grade College (University of Mysore), Chamarajanagar, India Department of Chemistry, Government First Grade College for Women, (Affiliated to University of Mysore), Mysuru, India Department of Chemistry, Bharathi College, Bharathi nagar, Mandya, India","PeriodicalId":22933,"journal":{"name":"The Open Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"100 1","pages":"90-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85933570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}