{"title":"Critical area analysis","authors":"D. Walker","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171820","url":null,"abstract":"The critical area is the region on an integrated circuit where the occurrence of a catastrophic spot defect will cause a functional circuit fault. The author describes how to efficiently compute detailed critical areas with the VLASIC Monte Carlo yield simulator. Methods for reducing the computational cost are described, along with some application examples. An SRAM cell failure caused by an extra second metal defect is analyzed as an example.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"331 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115179995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An enhanced one-step C-testable design of two-dimensional iterative logic arrays","authors":"J.H. Kim, H. Sung","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171825","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present an improved approach to one-step C-testability of orthogonal two-dimensional iterative logic arrays. This is an improvement of the approach of W. Huang and F. Lombardi (1988) and H. Elhuni et al. (1986). A group of sufficient conditions to test two-dimensional iterative logic arrays with a constant number of test vectors independent of the array size (C-testability) is stated. It is proved that the proposed approach requires a smaller number of test vectors than in previous works.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131811771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lithographic manufacturing techniques for wafer scale integration","authors":"W. Flack, G. E. Flores","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171790","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology utilizing a mix-and-match approach of optical 1*lithography and e-beam lithography currently used at TRW for WSI (wafer scale integration) technologies is discussed. Field stitching techniques, design considerations, and macrocell grouping techniques which enhance field stitching capability and impact design rules are described for this mix and match e-beam and 1*optical stepper lithography process. A comparative cost analysis of WSI tooling costs, WSI wafer throughput, and WSI tooling requirements is presented to illustrate the tradeoffs among the various lithography systems. The proposed lithography process has been experimentally verified using test chip field stitching structures.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114993621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient fault diagnosis of switches in wafer arrays","authors":"S. Rangarajan, D. Fussell, M. Malek","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171826","url":null,"abstract":"Considers an abstract model of a wafer-scale system where functional modules are connected by connections which run over wiring channels. Programmable switches are located at the junction of these wiring channels. The proposed technique is based on recursively finding progressive fault-free paths across regions of the wafer whose boundaries have been diagnosed to be fault-free. It is shown that such a technique will work with high probability and could be performed in time polynomial in the size of the array. The division of the wafer requires paths of short lengths and it is shown that these paths exist with high probability.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127211762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying WSI methods to emitter de-interleaving","authors":"G. Burke, C. Murphy, L. Rarick","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171815","url":null,"abstract":"Examines the application of WSI (wafer scale integration) to a computationally intensive problem-emitter de-interleaving. In the context of an electronic battlefield, both friendly and hostile RF emitters must be identified and sorted. This formidable task is expected to require a computer power of 7 Gb/s. A reconfigurable WSI technique quilted logic array is used to map this problem onto a wafer. In this approach, an array of several hundred processors is used to solve the emitter de-interleaving problem. The form of the panels may be optimized for the particular application with processors, memory, or floating point functional units. Flexible interconnections allows varying numbers of processor panels to be applied to the signal processing functions. It is shown how the emitter de-interleaving problem can be solved using one 6-in wafer.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129068951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DFGs for synthesis of alternative architectures: Node activation synthesis","authors":"A. Antola, F. Distante","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171818","url":null,"abstract":"High-level synthesis systems are becoming one of the necessary standards in digital design of complex architectures since they allow a high degree of freedom to the designers in exploring and evaluating architectural alternatives. This possibility is particularly interesting when complex VLSI/WSI (wafer scale integration) architectures are considered. Synthesis and evaluation of alternative architectures is performed, adopting the data flow graph (DFG) model. In particular, the problem of optimal scheduling of node activities and delay minimization is examined. Procedures for graph balancing and optimal delay distribution are provided. The balancing and minimization procedures proposed identify the optimal scheduling for node activation synthesis both in terms of the timing parameters proper to the graph (latency and throughput) and in terms of the amount of delay added to the arcs to grant correct synchronization.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127648213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Turner, M. Robinson, H. Dearman, D. Pedder, A. Munns, M. J. Davies, E. A. Logan, I.D. Jamieson, I.M. McLaren
{"title":"Process characterization and yield assessment in hybrid wafer scale integration","authors":"R. Turner, M. Robinson, H. Dearman, D. Pedder, A. Munns, M. J. Davies, E. A. Logan, I.D. Jamieson, I.M. McLaren","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171806","url":null,"abstract":"Functional yield in the hybrid approach to wafer scale integration (HWSI) is a product of the individual component yields in the HWSI assembly, including the contributions from the interconnection substrate and the pretested ICs mounted onto the substrate, and of the assembly processes employed to construct the HWSI circuit or module. The authors report process characterization and yield results for a high interconnection density silicon substrate technology, and for wire bonding and flip chip solder bonding chip connection technologies that are being developed to support HWSI module construction. The design of a SPARC CPU circuit module for parallel computing applications that uses this technology is also described.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121816796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fault tolerant tree using adaptive operational redundancy","authors":"H. Mori, J. Kambara","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171799","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe the architecture of fault-tolerant trees. This fault tolerant architecture is based on a majority decision of redundant operations. It shows that low-area redundancy and dynamic fault recovery are possible. This fault tolerant architecture is suitable for binary trees. Two basic types of fault tolerant architecture are presented: clustered architecture by a node-oriented approach and pipeline architecture by a branch-oriented approach.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115006925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HASP-1002: a hybrid wafer scale associative string processor","authors":"I. Jalowiecki, J. Reche, C. Habiger, R. Lea","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171803","url":null,"abstract":"The authors introduce and evaluate a multichip module produced in hybrid-WSI (wafer scale integration) technology embedded for real-time signal and data processing. The benefits and potential of the technologies of the HASP-1002 hybrid-WSI device are shown. The combination of improvements of the size-performance and the cost-performance trade-offs underlines the vitality of hybrid-WSI technologies, as traditionally the cost-performance trade-off worsens for size and weight sensitive applications.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123342455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-level design of algorithm-driven architectures: The testability and diagnosability issue","authors":"A. Antola, M. Sami, D. Sciuto","doi":"10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWSI.1992.171819","url":null,"abstract":"Testability and diagnosability represent a mandatory step to be evaluated in the design of complex WSI (wafer scale integration) architectures before restructuring of the architecture to overcome defects can be performed. The authors propose a solution to such issues based on the analysis of testability and diagnosability of the data flow graph derived from the algorithm that has to be implemented. The results of this analysis can show, even at this level, potential test and diagnosis problems in the final architecture. Guidelines to the architectural mapping are given to overcome such problems in the final architecture definition. The authors also present a testing and diagnosis approach that guarantees optical functional fault coverage under the single-error assumption.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":229280,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings International Conference on Wafer Scale Integration","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127008618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}