The Lichenologist最新文献

{"title":"The Manna Effect – a review of factors influencing hair lichen abundance for Canada's endangered Deep-Snow Mountain Caribou (Rangifer arcticus montanus)","authors":"Trevor Goward, Darwyn Coxson, Yngvar Gauslaa","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000161","url":null,"abstract":"Canada's endangered Deep-Snow Mountain Caribou (DSC) are endemic to mountainous southern inland British Columbia, where they subsist in winter on an almost exclusive diet of epiphytic hair lichens, especially <jats:italic>Bryoria fremontii</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. pseudofuscescens</jats:italic> (the high-biomass <jats:italic>Bryoria</jats:italic> spp.) and <jats:italic>Alectoria sarmentosa</jats:italic>. Importantly, stand-level hair lichen loadings adequate for the dietary needs of DSC rarely occur in forests younger than <jats:italic>c</jats:italic>. 120–150 years, an unusual form of old-growth dependence hypothetically linked to certain structural features of old forest ecosystems. Not only does this hypothesis accord well with recent insights into hair lichen ecophysiology, it also allows the formulation of a conceptual ‘hyperabundance’ model for the high-biomass <jats:italic>Bryoria</jats:italic> spp. and lays the foundation for a similar model for <jats:italic>A. sarmentosa</jats:italic>. In both cases the models point to a massive standing crop of hair lichens in the overstories of old-growth forests; it is this reservoir that, partly by releasing a constant manna-like rain of thallus fragments into the lower canopy, sustains DSC during the winter half year. The outcome is a sustained-yield system resistant to degradation from overbrowsing, yet vulnerable to fragmentation of old-growth forests by industrial forestry, a process of progressive forage reduction that must ultimately place DSC at risk of winter malnutrition. We conclude that stand-level hair lichen hyperabundance is necessarily an attribute of advanced forest age and, at least in the case of <jats:italic>Bryoria</jats:italic>, cannot be silviculturally induced in stands younger than <jats:italic>c</jats:italic>. 120–150 years.","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imsharria orangei (Ascomycota, Lecideaceae), a new genus and species, and a new species of Porpidia, from the Falkland Islands","authors":"Alan M. Fryday, Anna M. Götz, Ulrike Ruprecht","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000148","url":null,"abstract":"The new genus <jats:italic>Imsharria</jats:italic> is proposed for a crustose species found on or near mountain summits on the Falkland Islands. It is separated from other genera of <jats:italic>Lecideaceae</jats:italic> by a combination of <jats:italic>Porpidia</jats:italic>-type asci, halonate ascospores, immersed apothecia and a hyaline hypothecium, and forms a distinct branch in the phylogenetic analysis using the markers nrITS and mtSSU. The single species, <jats:italic>I. orangei</jats:italic>, is characterized by its innate apothecia with a brown disc and a thallus containing norstictic acid and an amyloid (I+ violet) medulla. In addition, <jats:italic>Porpidia imshaugii</jats:italic> is described for a species from the Falkland Islands resembling <jats:italic>P. skottsbergiana</jats:italic> but with larger ascospores, and <jats:italic>Porpidia navarina</jats:italic> is shown to belong in the genus <jats:italic>Poeltiaria</jats:italic>, with the new combination <jats:italic>Poeltiaria navarina</jats:italic> being made. A key to the <jats:italic>Lecideaceae</jats:italic> on the Falkland Islands is provided.","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New species and additional records in the lichen genus Malmidea from India","authors":"Rakesh Adhikari, Roshinikumar Ngangom, Komal K. Ingle, Siljo Joseph, Sanjeeva Nayaka","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000082","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed examination of <jats:italic>Malmidea</jats:italic> specimens deposited in the herbarium LWG and freshly collected samples resulted in the description of 10 new species. <jats:italic>Malmidea glabromarginata</jats:italic> has a finely verrucose thallus and <jats:italic>granifera</jats:italic>-type whitish apothecial margins. <jats:italic>Malmidea globosa</jats:italic> is characterized by having a strongly verrucose thallus with almost spherical warts and <jats:italic>piperis</jats:italic>-type apothecial margins. <jats:italic>Malmidea incrassatispora</jats:italic> has a thalline excipulum and ascospores with end wall thickenings. <jats:italic>Malmidea kalbii</jats:italic> has a thalline excipulum, dark brown to black apothecial discs and ascospores mostly &lt; 15 μm in length. In <jats:italic>Malmidea lutea</jats:italic> the medulla of the thallus and verrucae is white to cream-coloured, with beige-coloured apothecial discs. <jats:italic>Malmidea palghatensis</jats:italic> has a thalline excipulum and with medulla of verrucae pink-coloured. <jats:italic>Malmidea rubra</jats:italic> has an irregularly verrucose thallus, with the medulla of verrucae orange-red and whitish apothecial margins. <jats:italic>Malmidea subindica</jats:italic> has light to dark orange-brown apothecial discs, 2–4-spored asci, and broadly ellipsoid ascospores mostly exceeding 30 μm in length. <jats:italic>Malmidea upretii</jats:italic> has prominent and confluent verrucae with an orange-red medulla, and ascospores exceeding 25 μm in length. <jats:italic>Malmidea verrucosa</jats:italic> has a characteristic whitish grey, densely verrucose thallus, dark reddish brown apothecial discs and contains atranorin. Additionally, seven species, viz. <jats:italic>Malmidea fenicis</jats:italic> (Vain.) Kalb <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>M. leptoloma</jats:italic> (Müll. Arg.) Kalb &amp; Lücking, <jats:italic>M. piae</jats:italic> (Kalb) Kalb, <jats:italic>M. piperina</jats:italic> (Zahlbr.) Aptroot &amp; Breuss, <jats:italic>M. reunionis</jats:italic> Kalb, <jats:italic>M. sulphureosorediata</jats:italic> Cáceres <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic>. and <jats:italic>M. vinosa</jats:italic> (Eschw.) Kalb <jats:italic>et al.,</jats:italic> are reported as new distributional records for the Indian lichen biota. The world key of <jats:italic>Malmidea</jats:italic> by Breuss &amp; Lücking (2015) has been updated with all the species discovered after 2015 by mentioning specific couplets.","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three new species of thelotremoid lichens (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) with 15 new records of lichenized fungi from Thailand and a worldwide key to species of the genus Ampliotrema","authors":"Vasun Poengsungnoen, Phimpha Nirongbut, Kawinnat Buaruang, Kansri Boonpragob, H. Thorsten Lumbsch, Wetchasart Polyiam","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000094","url":null,"abstract":"Three new species of thelotremoid lichens, <jats:italic>Ampliotrema subglobosum</jats:italic> Poengs. &amp; Lumbsch, <jats:italic>Ocellularia lichexanthonica</jats:italic> Poengs. &amp; Lumbsch and <jats:italic>O. saxiprotocetrarica</jats:italic> Poengs. &amp; Lumbsch, are described and illustrated based on specimens from southern Thailand. <jats:italic>Ampliotrema subglobosum</jats:italic> is similar to <jats:italic>A. globosum</jats:italic> but differs by having larger ascospores with more septa. <jats:italic>Ocellularia lichexanthonica</jats:italic> differs from <jats:italic>O. subdolichotata</jats:italic> in ascomata diameter and by containing lichexanthone. <jats:italic>Ocellularia saxiprotocetrarica</jats:italic> is similar to <jats:italic>O. gentingensis</jats:italic> in ascospore length and the number of ascospore septa but has narrower ascospores and contains protocetraric acid. Fifteen species are reported for the first time for Thailand: <jats:italic>Austrotrema bicinctulum</jats:italic> (Nyl.) I. Medeiros <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic>., <jats:italic>Baeomyces heteromorphus</jats:italic> Nyl. ex C. Bab. &amp; Mitt., <jats:italic>Chapsa niveocarpa</jats:italic> Mangold, <jats:italic>Chiodecton sphaerale</jats:italic> Ach., <jats:italic>Erythrodecton malacum</jats:italic> (Kremp.) G. Thor, <jats:italic>Lecanora subjaponica</jats:italic> L. Lü &amp; H. Y. Wang, <jats:italic>Leucodecton subcompunctum</jats:italic> (Nyl.) Frisch, <jats:italic>Myriotrema concretum</jats:italic> (Fée) Hale, <jats:italic>M. neoterebrans</jats:italic> Frisch, <jats:italic>Ocellularia khasiana</jats:italic> (Patw. &amp; Nagarkar) Kraichak <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic>., <jats:italic>O. upretii</jats:italic> S. Joshi <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic>., <jats:italic>Pseudotopeliopsis scabiomarginata</jats:italic> (Hale) Parnmen <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic>., <jats:italic>Sulzbacheromyces sinensis</jats:italic> (R. H. Petersen &amp; M. Zang) Dong Liu &amp; Li S. Wang, <jats:italic>Thelotrema diplotrema</jats:italic> Nyl., and <jats:italic>T. isidiophorum</jats:italic> (Kremp.) Zahlbr. <jats:italic>Ampliotrema globosum</jats:italic> (Hale) Poengs. &amp; Lumbsch is proposed as a new combination. The genus <jats:italic>Erythrodecton</jats:italic> G. Thor is a new genus for the lichen flora of Thailand.","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circinaria persepolitana (Megasporaceae), a new lichen species from historic stone surfaces in Persepolis, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Iran","authors":"Mohammad Sohrabi, Alexander Paukov, Sergio Pérez-Ortega, Hooman Nourozi, Hamid Fadaie, Sergio Enrico Favero-Longo, Mohammad Hassan Talebian, Asunción de los Ríos","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000070","url":null,"abstract":"Persepolis, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in south-western Iran, dates back to more than 2500 years ago, and is colonized by a great diversity of lichen-forming fungi. A survey of the lichen-forming fungi revealed a species abundant in different areas of the cultural site, which turned out to be a new species of the genus <jats:italic>Circinaria</jats:italic>. The new species, <jats:italic>Circinaria persepolitana</jats:italic>, is introduced and described on the basis of morphological and molecular data. <jats:italic>Circinaria persepolitana</jats:italic> is characterized by having a crustose thallus, rimose to areolate, usually with bullate areoles, with an olive green to olive-brown surface and angular to elongate areoles in the marginal zone. Phylogenetic analyses including other species of the genus showed that the new species is phylogenetically close to <jats:italic>C. mansourii</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C. ochracea</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. reptans</jats:italic>. We propose a new combination of <jats:italic>Circinaria reptans</jats:italic> (Looman) Sohrabi, Owe-Larsson &amp; Paukov. The bioweathering capacity of the new species was also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, examining the interface between the lichen thallus and the lithic substratum to assess its potential threat to the conservation of heritage surfaces. We found this species to be a potential biodeteriogenic agent, as thalli were closely attached to the lithic substratum and biogeophysical and biogeochemical changes at the rock surface could be associated with the colonization.","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further expansion of morphological variability in the Porinaceae (Ascomycota, Ostropales) with the placement of the enigmatic genus Gallaicolichen","authors":"Elise Lebreton, Damien Ertz, Robert Lücking, Antoine Simon, Clifford Smith, Emmanuël Sérusiaux","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000124","url":null,"abstract":"The foliicolous lichen <jats:italic>Gallaicolichen pacificus</jats:italic> exhibits unique goniocystangia-like structures named peltidiangia and peltidia. Its taxonomic classification within the <jats:italic>Ascomycota</jats:italic> has been unclear due to the absence of ascomata and lack of molecular data. Here we clarify the phylogenetic affinities of <jats:italic>Gallaicolichen pacificus</jats:italic> by analyzing mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal RNA (mtSSU) sequences obtained from specimens collected in New Caledonia. Ascomata and ascospores of <jats:italic>G. pacificus</jats:italic>, previously unknown, are described and illustrated for the first time. The results from the molecular and morphological analyses clearly indicate that <jats:italic>Gallaicolichen pacificus</jats:italic> belongs to the <jats:italic>Porinaceae</jats:italic> and is closely related to <jats:italic>Porina guianensis.</jats:italic> This is a remarkable extension of the already known, wide morphological diversity of thalli and diaspores produced within this family.","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aptrootia khaoyaiensis (Trypetheliaceae), a new corticolous lichen from the dry dipterocarp forest in central Thailand","authors":"Wetchasart Polyiam, Santi Watthana, Nooduan Muangsan, Sittiporn Parnmen, Robert Lücking","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000136","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Aptrootia khaoyaiensis</jats:italic> Polyiam &amp; Lücking is described as new to science from dry dipterocarp forest in central Thailand, based on morphological assessment and sequence data of the mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU). The new species is characterized by a corticolous habit, a corticate thallus, ascomata typically immersed in the thallus, with a brown to blackish ostiolar region, an inspersed hamathecium, and dark brown, muriform ascospores occurring 1–2 per ascus. Phylogenetic analyses support placement of the new species in <jats:italic>Aptrootia</jats:italic>; it is morphologically close to <jats:italic>A. elatior</jats:italic> but differs in the smaller ascospores and the inspersed hamathecium.","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloroidium phycobionts (Watanabeales, Trebouxiophyceae) partner with lecanoralean mycobionts in foliicolous lichen communities of Tenerife (Canary Islands) and Navarra (Iberian Peninsula), Spain","authors":"William B. Sanders, Asunción de los Ríos, Sergio Pérez-Ortega","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While the diversity of foliicolous lichen-forming fungi has been explored in substantial depth, relatively little attention has been paid to their algal symbionts. We studied the unicellular green phycobionts of the lecanoralean lichens <span>Bacidina</span> (<span>Ramalinaceae</span>), <span>Byssoloma</span>, <span>Fellhanera</span> and <span>Tapellaria</span> (<span>Pilocarpaceae</span>) and graphidalean <span>Gyalectidium</span> (<span>Gomphillaceae</span>) from two extratropical foliicolous communities in continental Spain and the Canary Islands. We examined the pyrenoids of algal symbionts within thalli using TEM, and obtained several algal nrSSU and <span>rbcL</span> sequences from whole thalli, and also from cultures isolated from some of these lichens. Pyrenoid structure and molecular sequence data provided support for recognizing <span>Chloroidium</span> (<span>Watanabeales</span>, <span>Trebouxiophyceae</span>) as phycobiont in thalli of <span>Byssoloma subdiscordans</span> and <span>Fellhanera bouteillei</span> (<span>Pilocarpaceae</span>) in both communities. <span>Bacidina apiahica</span> (<span>Ramalinaceae</span>) and <span>Tapellaria epiphylla</span> (<span>Pilocarpaceae</span>) likewise appeared to partner with <span>Chloroidium</span> based on the presence of the same pyrenoid type, although we were able to obtain a phycobiont sequence only from a culture isolate of the latter. These results contrast with those obtained previously from a foliicolous lichen community in southern Florida, which revealed only strains of <span>Heveochlorella</span> (<span>Jaagichlorella</span>) as phycobiont of foliicolous <span>Pilocarpaceae</span> and <span>Gomphillaceae</span>. On the other hand, the pyrenoid we observed in the phycobionts associated with <span>Gyalectidium setiferum</span> and <span>G. minus</span> corresponded to that of <span>Heveochlorella</span> (<span>Jaagichlorella</span>). However, the poor quality of the phycobiont sequence data obtained from <span>G. minus</span>, probably due to the presence of epibiontic algae, could not provide additional perspective on the pyrenoid structure observations. Nonetheless, clear differences in pyrenoid ultrastructure can allow <span>Chloroidium</span> and <span>Heveochlorella</span> phycobionts to be distinguished from each other in TEM. Our results indicate a greater diversity of unicellular green-algal symbionts in foliicolous communities from Spain than previously observed in other geographical areas, and suggest that further studies focused on symbiont pairing in these communities might reveal distinctive and varied patterns of phycobiont preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140299883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two new species of the genus Lecidella (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) from maritime Antarctica, southern South America and North America","authors":"Ulrike Ruprecht, Feyza Nur Avci, Mehmet Candan, Mehmet Gökhan Halıcı","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two new species of the genus <span>Lecidella,</span> one with a North American-maritime Antarctic distribution and one with a so far exclusively southern South American-maritime Antarctic distribution, are described using molecular and morphological tools. <span>Lecidella ayazii</span> is a species growing on soil and also on mosses and has so far been found on the Antarctic Peninsula, as well as in the alpine areas of the La Sal Mountains, Utah, USA and in the Kivalliq Region (Nunavut) in the north of Canada, whereas <span>L. drakensis</span> occurs mainly on siliceous rocks, rarely on mosses, and has been recorded on both sides of the Drake Passage in southern Patagonia and the Antarctic Peninsula. Phylogenetic analysis of the nrITS sequence data shows that both species belong in the <span>L. elaeochroma</span> clade, each forming a highly supported and distinct group. Furthermore, they also differ in morphological and chemical characters from the species described so far in this clade. In addition, five further accessions were recorded from the maritime Antarctic, which were placed in the cosmopolitan and heterogeneous <span>L. stigmatea</span> clade, of which one could be assigned to the bipolar species <span>L. siplei</span>.</p>","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140056019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The taxonomy of sterile Arthoniaceae from Brazil: white crusts on overhanging tropical trees can be named","authors":"André Aptroot, Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres, Lidiane Alves dos Santos","doi":"10.1017/s0024282924000021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282924000021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Twelve new lichen species are described in the family <span>Arthoniaceae</span>. All are sterile white crusts growing on overhanging trees (and one on living palm fronds) in ten different states in tropical Brazil. In the tropics, sterile crusts so far have been mostly disregarded. They are all characterized by their chemistry and morphology, often including pseudoisidia or soredia, but their phylogenetic relationships have been investigated with sequencing. The following species are described: <span>Arthonia farinosorediata</span>, with shallow soralia and without secondary metabolites; <span>Crypthonia irregularis</span>, with irregular isidia, confluentic acid and sometimes 2ʹ-<span>O</span>-methylperlatolic acid; <span>Crypthonia pseudisidiata</span>, with soft pseudoisidia and without secondary metabolites; <span>Crypthonia stromatica</span>, with sterile stromata and confluentic acid; <span>Cryptophaea constrictopseudisidiata</span> with pseudoisidia, lichexanthone and confluentic acid; <span>Cryptophaea lichexanthopseudisidiata</span> with pseudoisidia and lichexanthone; <span>Cryptophaea lichexanthosorediata</span> with soredia, lichexanthone and divaricatic acid; <span>Cryptothecia lecanorosorediata</span> with soredia and lecanoric acid; <span>Glomerulophoron confluentisorediatum</span> with soredia, confluentic and 2ʹ-<span>O</span>-methylperlatolic acids; <span>Herpothallon psorpseudisidiatum</span> on living palm fronds with a strongly attached thallus, long pseudoisidia and psoromic acid; <span>Myriostigma minisorediatum</span> with soredia and 2ʹ-<span>O</span>-methylperlatolic acid; <span>Pachnolepia longipseudisidiata</span> with long pseudoisidia, and a thallus containing lichexanthone, confluentic acid and 2ʹ-<span>O</span>-methylperlatolic acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":22878,"journal":{"name":"The Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140006800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}