{"title":"Optimization of Uniform Amplitude Periodic Linear Phased Arrays for Grating Lobe Reduction","authors":"Y. Aslan, Nehir Berk Onat","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769377","url":null,"abstract":"The optimization of mode excitation coefficients in linear periodic arrays of multi-mode antenna elements is studied for grating lobe reduction. A novel beamforming architecture is proposed with a new optimization problem based on equi-amplitude element excitations for optimal power efficiency. The capabilities of the proposed synthesis approach on suppressing the grating lobe for wide scan angles, and on maintaining the peak gain at the steering angle are analyzed. A 16-element 0.7-wavelength spaced array of dual-mode circular patch antenna elements is used for demonstration purposes. It is shown that a good performance trade-off is achieved when the excitation amplitude of the high order mode is restricted to a sufficiently large value. The ratio of the peak gain outside the main lobe to the gain at the angle of steering is reduced up to about −15 dB and −14 dB for scanning towards 30 and 45 degrees off-broadside, respectively.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122196747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Hausl, Julian Emmert, Manuel Mielke, Benjamin Mehlhorn, C. Rowell
{"title":"Mobile Network Testing of 5G NR FR1 and FR2 Networks: Challenges and Solutions","authors":"C. Hausl, Julian Emmert, Manuel Mielke, Benjamin Mehlhorn, C. Rowell","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769635","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers mobile network testing for 5G NR (both sub-6GHz and millimeter wave frequency bands) with a passive RF receiver. Methods for the measurement of network coverage, network synchronization, channel impulse response, and the strength of the electromagnetic field with a code selective procedure are proposed and implemented. An approach for automatic channel detection is presented in order to find the relevant carrier frequencies for 5G mobile network testing in networks with an unknown configuration. Finally, the proposed methods are applied for deployed 5G networks, demonstrating the effectiveness of the equipment.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116809982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of an Amplitude-Tapered Corporate-Feed Slot Array Antenna with Reduced Side-Lobe Level for Silicon Micromachining","authors":"Armin Karimi, J. Oberhammer","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769103","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes a novel unbalanced corporate-feed network antenna design with amplitude tapering of the radiated power to get a reduced sidelobe level. The phase imbalance of the asymmetric power dividers is compensated by integrated delay lines which maintain the aperture efficiency. The 10 dB beamwidth is reduced by 8.5% in E-plane and 10.2% in H-plane after the phase compensation. A 16 × 16 and a 32 × 32 array antenna have been designed for 230–290 GHz, i.e., a 23% fractional bandwidth. The 16 × 16 and 3 2 × 32 antenna's realized gain is between 29.4-32.1 dBi and 34.6-37.6 dBi, with sidelobe levels better than 21.2 dB and 20.5 dB, respectively. The design is optimized for being implemented by silicon micromachining. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first amplitude tapered corporate feed slot array antenna with delay lines for phase compensation that has been proposed in this frequency range with this wide operational bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117008118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-material additive manufacturing of microwave devices","authors":"B. Vial, H. Giddens, Y. Hao","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769458","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, additive manufacturing has evolved to become a key method of prototyping devices across many industrial sectors including electromagnetic systems such as antennas. The range of materials that can now be deposited by 3D printers has expanded the suite of devices that can be rapidly manufactured. In this paper we will present two electromagnetic lenses that demonstrate the advantages of multi-material 3D printing, where a number of different dielectric materials are used to design functional devices with interesting properties. The first example is a frequency dependent dual focusing lens design through topology optimization, using two different dielectric filaments. The second is a compressed Luneburg lens that theoretically requires a continuous permittivity gradient from 7.8 in its centre down to 1 on the surface, and is realised by printing with a total of five different dielectrics.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129750305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessio Mostaccio, C. Occhiuzzi, R. Giofré, P. Colantonio, G. Marrocco
{"title":"Ultra Low Power Wireless Epidermal Sensor for Battery-less pH monitoring in the sub-6 GHz 5G band","authors":"Alessio Mostaccio, C. Occhiuzzi, R. Giofré, P. Colantonio, G. Marrocco","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769557","url":null,"abstract":"RFID epidermal electronics recently gave us the possibility to connect our body to the external world and gather information about our health and state directly from the skin. To increase the acceptance of the monitoring platforms and overcome the limitations of current technology, i.e. the need of a dedicated reader and a limited bandwidth, new architectures of battery-less backscattering-based communications have been considered. Among them, 5G appears particularly promising thanks to the large bandwidth, the interoperability among devices and the pervasive coverage. In this perspective, this paper proposes the first epidermal chemical sensor for the sampling of the human sweat and the monitoring of the pH. The device communicates with the external reader through a frequency modulation of the backscattered wave, whose parameters depend on the measured analyte. Early simulations and tests corroborate the feasibility of the approach.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129761267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Developments of Wideband and Multi-Band Dual-Circularly-Polarized Reflect-Arrays","authors":"Z. Jiang, Xuanfeng Tong, Yuan Li, F. Wu, W. Hong","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769568","url":null,"abstract":"The recent developments of dual-circularly-polarized (dual-CP) reflect-arrays (RAs) at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies are reported. In the first part, dual-CP RAs with a wide operational bandwidth are described through several demonstrating examples. Two strategies are employed - one utilizing only Berry phase with two functional layers and the other exploiting both dynamic and Berry phases for dual-CP beamforming with a single functional layer. In the second part, by incorporating shared-aperture techniques into the RA cell alignment, dual-band dual-CP RA cell designs are described, which have four degrees of freedom in terms of reflective phase control. The designs are numerically validated by diffraction analysis of a linear gradient array of dual-band dual-CP RA cells, exhibiting reflective beam bending with both simultaneous polarization and frequency diversities.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128388104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angelica Masi, S. Rotundo, Eliana Canicattì, F. Molesti, D. Brizi, A. Monorchio
{"title":"Microwave and Contactless Sensor for Millimeter Inclusions Detection in Biomedical Applications","authors":"Angelica Masi, S. Rotundo, Eliana Canicattì, F. Molesti, D. Brizi, A. Monorchio","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769043","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an innovative sensor for non-invasive detection of millimeter inclusions by using a microwave radiating system. The proposed device consists in a microstrip self-resonant spiral coil inductively coupled to an external concentric planar probe loop, working at a frequency of 570 MHz. The microwave sensor configuration is the result of an optimization process of the spiral coil Q-factor maximization, required to obtain a millimeter resolution for the inclusions detection. In particular, the detection is achieved by observing the amplitude and frequency shift variation of the external planar probe input impedance. We performed full-wave simulations to design and evaluate the radiating system performance. Numerical results validated the introduced theorical approach, encouraging further analysis for the potential use of such sensor in biomedical applications. Indeed, the radiating device can be extremely useful in all the tasks where it is required to spot the presence of undesired and dangerous impurities in a contactless way. For instance, the sensor might be employed to detect and monitor in real-time the presence of air inclusions and blood cloths during a hemodialysis treatment, making the procedure safer for patients.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"137 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128753677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Active Topological Metamaterials with Robust Oscillation Modes","authors":"D. Sounas","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9768908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9768908","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of microwave oscillator arrays based on topological metamaterials is presented. The arrays are built upon a new form of microwave topological insulators consisting of a dual lattice of transmission lines. The proposed structures support extended oscillation modes with remarkable stability against discontinuities and disorder, and arbitrary phase profiles. A comparison with oscillator arrays based on conventional transmission lines is presented, demonstrating a clear superiority for the topological ones. The presented structures create a new direction in the design of microwave oscillator arrays over large areas for applications in phased antenna arrays and time-modulated nonreciprocal devices.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128267950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Kokkoniemi, V. Hovinen, Klaus Nevala, M. Juntti
{"title":"Initial Results on D Band Channel Measurements in LOS and NLOS Office Corridor Environment","authors":"J. Kokkoniemi, V. Hovinen, Klaus Nevala, M. Juntti","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769258","url":null,"abstract":"A need for measurement data for frequencies above 100 GHz has increased. In this paper, we present the measurement system for millimeter wave frequencies (30–300 GHz). It is based on Keysight PNA-X vector network analyser with frequency extenders mounted on custom built 3-axis rotation stages (both the transmitter and receiver sides). We present some initial results from measurements conducted in an office corridor. Both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) cases are included in the measurement set-ups. The results show that in all cases the channels are sparse with clear clusters from large reflecting surfaces, such as walls and floors. The measured power levels are rather strong indicating relatively low reflection losses. While the channels were sparse, there were still typically relatively large numbers of distinguishable paths. The numbers of observable paths as well as the delay spread of the channel increase with increasing beamwidth.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128646702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. T. Sánchez, F. Saccardi, A. Giacomini, M. Saporetti, P. Moseley, L. Foged
{"title":"Measurement of Low Frequency Antennas in Indoor Reflective Environments with the Synthetic Probe Array Technique","authors":"R. T. Sánchez, F. Saccardi, A. Giacomini, M. Saporetti, P. Moseley, L. Foged","doi":"10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769678","url":null,"abstract":"Performance verification of low gain antennas on small space platforms are challenging at frequencies below 400MHz, also owing to limitations in the anechoic environment. Spherical near-field measurement techniques are often applied in such cases, enabling different echo-reduction schemes to compensate for the non-ideal test environment. Uncertainties due to chamber reflections are also reduced with a directive probe but electrically larger probes are impractical at very low frequencies because of the resulting physical dimensions. A virtual probe, synthesized from an array of smaller probes, with limited wall illumination has been developed to reduce this error. The concept has been developed for measurements in the ESA/ESTEC HERTZ testing facility of the HERA-JUVENTAS mission with a 50–70 MHz dipole antenna mounted on a CubeSat. In this paper, we present the concept, feasibility, and verification by measurements on a 10:1 scaled representation of the CubeSat scenario and the HERTZ facility.","PeriodicalId":228461,"journal":{"name":"2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128961914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}