The Professional Animal Scientist最新文献_第2页

Grazing of Delphinium occidentale (duncecap larkspur) by susceptible and resistant cattle 易感和抗性牛对西飞燕草(duncecap larkspur)的放牧

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/pas.2018-01775

James A. Pfister, Benedict T. Green, Dale R. Gardner, Kevin D. Welch, Daniel Cook, Clint A. Stonecipher

{"title":"Grazing of Delphinium occidentale (duncecap larkspur) by susceptible and resistant cattle","authors":"James A. Pfister, Benedict T. Green, Dale R. Gardner, Kevin D. Welch, Daniel Cook, Clint A. Stonecipher","doi":"10.15232/pas.2018-01775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/pas.2018-01775","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Delphinium spp. (larkspurs) often fatally poison grazing cattle. Angus cattle differing in susceptibility to larkspur poisoning were used to assess selection of larkspur (Delphinium occidentale) while grazing. During July 2015, 2016, and 2017, diet selection of 12 cattle (6 susceptible, 6 resistant) was determined for 2 to 3 wk. During 2015 resistant steers ate 6% of their diets as total larkspur compared with 7% (P > 0.34) for susceptible steers. During 2016 there was a treatment × date interaction (P = 0.02) for total larkspur consumption; resistant steers consumed more larkspur on 5 trial days than did susceptible steers. Overall, resistant steers ate 6% of their diets as larkspur compared with 3% for susceptible steers. During 2017 there was a treatment × date interaction (P = 0.03) for total larkspur consumption; resistant heifers consumed more larkspur on 2 trial days than did susceptible heifers. Overall, during 2017 resistant heifers ate 7% of their diets as larkspur compared with 3% for susceptible heifers. The average serum concentration of methyllycaconitine in severely intoxicated, susceptible animals was approximately 700 ng/mL compared with approximately 1,000 ng/mL for severely intoxicated, resistant animals. The only fatalities (2) were in susceptible animals. The diet selection and comparative responses of resistant and susceptible animals on rangeland appear to validate the phenotyping done in the laboratory but must be verified in a controlled setting. Selecting resistant cattle to graze larkspur-infested rangelands may reduce losses; however, further research is required to develop genetic biomarkers to identify such animals.</div>","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 581-593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15232/pas.2018-01775","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91744517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Invited Review: Effect of early-life nutrition on the molecular and physiological regulation of puberty onset in the bull 特邀评论:生命早期营养对公牛青春期开始的分子和生理调控的影响

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/PAS.2018-01788

D. Kenny, K. Keogh, C. Byrne

{"title":"Invited Review: Effect of early-life nutrition on the molecular and physiological regulation of puberty onset in the bull","authors":"D. Kenny, K. Keogh, C. Byrne","doi":"10.15232/PAS.2018-01788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/PAS.2018-01788","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The advent of genomic selection has accentuated interest in procuring saleable semen from young genetically elite bulls as early in life as possible. However, the timing of availability of semen for commercial use will be determined by the age at which these young animals reach puberty and subsequent sexual maturity. Enhancing early-life nutrition stimulates the functionality of the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis, mediated through complex biochemical interplay between metabolic and neuroendocrine signals and culminating in enhanced testicular growth, steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and ultimately, earlier onset of sexual maturation. Indeed, recent evidence indicates that the timing of sexual precocity, which is dictated by an early gonadotropin rise (8–20 wk of age) in the bull, is determined by prevailing metabolic status during calfhood and is not compensable even where prior undernutrition is followed by dietary augmentation. However, despite this, the precise neuronal mechanisms regulating these developmental processes remain to be elucidated for the bull. Although early-life nutrition clearly affects the sexual maturation process, there is little evidence for latent effects on postpubertal semen characteristics. Equally, postpubertal fertility, measured as in vitro fertilization and early embryogenesis, is not influenced by nutritional status during early life. Current efforts employing high throughput nucleic acid and proteomic sequencing and targeted immunofluorescence coupled with systems biology–based gene network analyses can provide further insight on how nutrition may mediate the biochemical interaction between neuroendocrine and testicular cellular processes. Such information can be harnessed to identify potential genomic targets as part of genomically assisted breeding programs as well as facilitate development of strategic nutritional regimens to optimize sexual maturation and subsequent semen availability from genetically elite young bulls.","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83616518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Dry matter loss, fermentation profile, and aerobic stability of wet brewers grains ensiled with various amounts of dry ground corn 用不同量的干磨玉米青贮湿啤酒谷物的干物质损失、发酵特征和有氧稳定性

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/PAS.2018-01761

L. Ferraretto, T. Fernandes, W. S. S. Filho, H. Sultana, P. Moriel

{"title":"Dry matter loss, fermentation profile, and aerobic stability of wet brewers grains ensiled with various amounts of dry ground corn","authors":"L. Ferraretto, T. Fernandes, W. S. S. Filho, H. Sultana, P. Moriel","doi":"10.15232/PAS.2018-01761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/PAS.2018-01761","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Storage of wet brewers grain (WBG) for longer periods is challenging, and alternative techniques are required. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the fermentation profile, dry matter loss, and aerobic stability of WBG ensiled alone or with various concentrations of dry ground corn (DGC). Samples of DGC and WBG were weighed separately and mixed forming 3 treatments: WBG alone (23% DM), a mixture of 25% DGC and 75% WBG (as-fed basis) to achieve a DM concentration of 35%, and a mixture of 46% DGC and 54% WBG (as-fed basis) to achieve 50% of DM. Samples were allowed to ferment for 0, 14, or 28 d in triplicate laboratory silos (3.78 L per bucket). Concentration (DM basis) of CP decreased (P = 0.001) with both the inclusion and the level of inclusion of DGC in the mixture. Concentration (DM basis) of water-soluble carbohydrates decreased (P = 0.001) with the inclusion of DGC in the mixture. A treatment × storage length interaction was observed (P = 0.001) for pH, but the change in patterns differed among treatments. Both, the inclusion (P = 0.01) and greater amounts of inclusion of DGC to the mixture (P = 0.001) decreased lactic acid concentration. Mixing WBG with DGC increased (P = 0.02) acetic acid concentration. Aerobic stability tended (P = 0.08) to be 12 h longer for both mixtures of WBG and DGC. Under the conditions of the present study, averaged across storage lengths, mixing WBG with DGC did not significantly speed acidification, decrease the final pH, or prolong aerobic stability of WBG.","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85923316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effects of field pea supplementation on digestibility and rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations of beef-cattle diets containing high and low quality forages 饲粮中添加豌豆对优质和劣质饲料肉牛消化率和瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸浓度的影响

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/pas.2018-01730

H.L. Greenwell , J.L. Gramkow , M.L. Jolly-Breithaupt , J.C. MacDonald PAS , K.H. Jenkins PAS

{"title":"Effects of field pea supplementation on digestibility and rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations of beef-cattle diets containing high and low quality forages","authors":"H.L. Greenwell , J.L. Gramkow , M.L. Jolly-Breithaupt , J.C. MacDonald PAS , K.H. Jenkins PAS","doi":"10.15232/pas.2018-01730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/pas.2018-01730","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Field peas (Pisum sativum) are increasingly available with limited data on the effects on forage digestibility. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of field pea supplementation in forage-based diets on total-tract digestibility and RUP digestibility in growing beef cattle. In Exp. 1, 5 ruminally fistulated steers (202 kg) were used in a 2 × 3 factorial. The first factor was high quality forage (50% alfalfa, 50% sorghum silage) or low quality forage (50% bromegrass hay, 50% wheat straw). The second factor was supplement type: a nonsupplemented control (CON), dry-rolled corn (DRC), or ground field peas (FP), supplemented at 0.43% of BW. Each diet was fed for 14 d. There were no interactions between forage quality and supplement type for digestibility estimates (P ≥ 0.25). Intake and digestibility of OM were greater with high quality forage (4.96 kg/d and 64.2%, respectively) than with low quality forage (3.60 kg/d and 50.1%, respectively; P < 0.01). The FP supplement increased DMI and OM digestibility (6.14±0.512 kg/d and 61.6 ± 1.94%, respectively) over DRC (5.33 kg/d and 56.1%, respectively) or CON (4.80 kg/d and 53.8%, respectively; P ≤ 0.03); DRC and CON did not differ in intake or OM digestibility. In Exp. 2, the RUP digestibility of field peas was evaluated using a mobile bag technique. The RUP content of FP was 32.6 ± 4.39% and 35.2 ± 4.39% with a postruminal digestibility of 97.4 and 98.9 ± 1.17% for yr 1 and 2, respectively, for FP grown in 2 growing seasons. Field peas are an acceptable supplement in forage diets.</div>","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 631-641"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15232/pas.2018-01730","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91744083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Case Study: Effect of exercise programs during receiving in a commercial feedlot on behavior and productivity of Brahman crossbred calves: Results from a commercial environment and a comparison to the research environment 案例研究:商业饲养场接收期间的锻炼计划对婆罗门杂交小牛行为和生产力的影响:来自商业环境的结果以及与研究环境的比较

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/PAS.2018-01744

C. Daigle, A. Mathias, Emily E. Ridge, R. Gill, T. Wickersham, J. Sawyer

{"title":"Case Study: Effect of exercise programs during receiving in a commercial feedlot on behavior and productivity of Brahman crossbred calves: Results from a commercial environment and a comparison to the research environment","authors":"C. Daigle, A. Mathias, Emily E. Ridge, R. Gill, T. Wickersham, J. Sawyer","doi":"10.15232/PAS.2018-01744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/PAS.2018-01744","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Exercising receiving cattle is hypothesized to be a management strategy that could mitigate receiving stress in cattle. Little empirical research has been published on the quantifiable (productivity, health, behavior) effects of this strategy in a commercial feedyard setting. In a single Texas feedyard case study, high-risk Brahman-crossbred receiving calves (n = 688; 184 ± 5 kg) were exercised during the receiving period in the fall. Upon arrival, calves were sorted into single-sex pens (n = 6 pens: n = 3 pens heifers, n = 3 pens steers) and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments within sex blocks: (1) programmatic exercise (PRO; cattle moved to drive alley and encouraged to maintain movement for 20 min), (2) free exercise (FRE; cattle moved to drive alley and allowed free movement without access to the pen for 60 min), or (3) no exercise (CON). Treatments were applied (n = 12 sessions; 3 sessions per week) across a 30-d period, between 0800 and 1000 h at least 1 h after feed delivery. Gain-to-feed ratio and mortality rate were similar among treatments. Cattle assigned to CON had greater ADG than did those assigned to FRE or PRO (1.52, 1.39, and 1.44 kg/d). Percentage of calves treated for respiratory disease was greater in FRE and PRO compared with CON. The proportion of the pen lying and resting simultaneously increased and the proportion of the pen feeding, drinking, ruminating, and walking decreased over time. Exercise treatments did not compromise gain efficiency or behavior; however, exercised cattle had smaller ADG. These results suggest that exercise reduces receiving-period gains without improving animal health or altering behaviors.","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74046691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Invited Review: Focusing on bull management and puberty attainment in the genomic era 特邀评论:关注基因组时代的公牛管理和青春期发育

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/PAS.2018-01784

B. Harstine

{"title":"Invited Review: Focusing on bull management and puberty attainment in the genomic era","authors":"B. Harstine","doi":"10.15232/PAS.2018-01784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/PAS.2018-01784","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An increased emphasis on decreasing generation intervals due to genomic selection has greatly influenced the management of bulls at AI organizations. Before genomics, the genetic value of an AI sire was determined by examining the phenotype and production traits of his daughters (i.e., proofs), and the minimum age at which sires were debuted to the industry (proven) was approximately 4 to 4.5 yr of age. Currently, one decade after the introduction of genomics to the industry, unproven, genomically tested sires between 1.5 and 4 yr of age account for half or more of AI unit sales for most major AI organizations. Accordingly, bulls destined for AI use receive optimum care and nutrition from birth, and there is a renewed interest in examining endocrine modulation’s role in puberty attainment and testicular development in bulls. In practice, hastening puberty in bulls can be used concurrently with modern techniques of oocyte collection in prepubertal heifers to minimize generation intervals in cattle, thus increasing the rate of genetic advancement. The use of young genomic bulls will likely increase or remain stable in the future, and accordingly, AI organizations will continue to focus on optimizing bull management to ensure top tier genetics are available to the industry.","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78979106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Case Study: Assessment of human-conditioned sorting behavior in dairy cows in farm research trials 案例研究:在农场研究试验中评估奶牛的人为条件分类行为

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/pas.2018-01749

Diego Manriquez PAS , Liang Chen PAS , Gabriel Albornoz , Juan Velez , Pablo Pinedo

{"title":"Case Study: Assessment of human-conditioned sorting behavior in dairy cows in farm research trials","authors":"Diego Manriquez PAS , Liang Chen PAS , Gabriel Albornoz , Juan Velez , Pablo Pinedo","doi":"10.15232/pas.2018-01749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/pas.2018-01749","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Cow–human interactions influence and modulate group and individual behaviors of dairy cows. The objective was to test the effectiveness of human sorting on separating subgroups of dairy cows in on-farm studies and to assess the level of conditioning to this activity. Three sorting methods were compared: (1) human active sorting at the pen gate (AS); (2) human presence as passive sorting (PS); and (3) nonhuman gate sorting (GS). Holstein cows (n = 176) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 subgroups (A = 91 animals and B = 85 animals) to be sequentially separated by 3 sorting methods. Each method was applied once per day after the morning milking during 5 d, and the proportions of cows correctly allocated in each group were recorded and compared. Additionally, an individual error index rate (number of errors per number of days observed) was calculated for each individual cow. When AS was applied, the total proportion of animals correctly sorted was 99.8%, whereas PS had 94.8% of total sorting accuracy. Cows lost the self-sorting behavior when exposed to nonhuman GS. The daily average of animals correctly placed was greater for AS when compared with PS (175 ± 1.7 vs. 166.6 ± 3.5; P = 0.005). Cows in the group that had longer walking distances to their subpen had greater individual error rate, especially when PS was applied. After a period of training, lactating dairy cows became conditioned to human sorting, which represents an opportunity to perform animal separation without intense human labor or stress for the animals.</div>","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 664-670"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15232/pas.2018-01749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91744085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Invited Review: Focusing on bull management and puberty attainment in the genomic era1 特邀评论:关注基因组时代公牛管理和青春期发育

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/pas.2018-01784

B.R. Harstine

{"title":"Invited Review: Focusing on bull management and puberty attainment in the genomic era1","authors":"B.R. Harstine","doi":"10.15232/pas.2018-01784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/pas.2018-01784","url":null,"abstract":"<div>An increased emphasis on decreasing generation intervals due to genomic selection has greatly influenced the management of bulls at AI organizations. Before genomics, the genetic value of an AI sire was determined by examining the phenotype and production traits of his daughters (i.e., proofs), and the minimum age at which sires were debuted to the industry (proven) was approximately 4 to 4.5 yr of age. Currently, one decade after the introduction of genomics to the industry, unproven, genomically tested sires between 1.5 and 4 yr of age account for half or more of AI unit sales for most major AI organizations. Accordingly, bulls destined for AI use receive optimum care and nutrition from birth, and there is a renewed interest in examining endocrine modulation’s role in puberty attainment and testicular development in bulls. In practice, hastening puberty in bulls can be used concurrently with modern techniques of oocyte collection in prepubertal heifers to minimize generation intervals in cattle, thus increasing the rate of genetic advancement. The use of young genomic bulls will likely increase or remain stable in the future, and accordingly, AI organizations will continue to focus on optimizing bull management to ensure top tier genetics are available to the industry.</div>","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 523-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15232/pas.2018-01784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91744514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Review: Sperm: Comparative morphology and function related to altered reproductive strategies and fertility in mammals 精子:与哺乳动物生殖策略和生育能力改变相关的比较形态学和功能

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/PAS.2018-01748

S. Thompson, Naseer A Kutchy, Samantha Kwok, Z. N. A. Rosyada, I. Imumorin, B. Purwantara, E. Memili

引用次数: 6

Dry matter loss, fermentation profile, and aerobic stability of wet brewers grains ensiled with various amounts of dry ground corn 用不同量的干磨玉米青贮湿啤酒谷物的干物质损失、发酵特征和有氧稳定性

The Professional Animal Scientist Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15232/pas.2018-01761

L.F. Ferraretto PAS , T. Fernandes , W.I. Silva Filho , H. Sultana , P. Moriel PAS

{"title":"Dry matter loss, fermentation profile, and aerobic stability of wet brewers grains ensiled with various amounts of dry ground corn","authors":"L.F. Ferraretto PAS , T. Fernandes , W.I. Silva Filho , H. Sultana , P. Moriel PAS","doi":"10.15232/pas.2018-01761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15232/pas.2018-01761","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Storage of wet brewers grain (WBG) for longer periods is challenging, and alternative techniques are required. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the fermentation profile, dry matter loss, and aerobic stability of WBG ensiled alone or with various concentrations of dry ground corn (DGC). Samples of DGC and WBG were weighed separately and mixed forming 3 treatments: WBG alone (23% DM), a mixture of 25% DGC and 75% WBG (as-fed basis) to achieve a DM concentration of 35%, and a mixture of 46% DGC and 54% WBG (as-fed basis) to achieve 50% of DM. Samples were allowed to ferment for 0, 14, or 28 d in triplicate laboratory silos (3.78 L per bucket). Concentration (DM basis) of CP decreased (P = 0.001) with both the inclusion and the level of inclusion of DGC in the mixture. Concentration (DM basis) of water-soluble carbohydrates decreased (P = 0.001) with the inclusion of DGC in the mixture. A treatment × storage length interaction was observed (P = 0.001) for pH, but the change in patterns differed among treatments. Both, the inclusion (P = 0.01) and greater amounts of inclusion of DGC to the mixture (P = 0.001) decreased lactic acid concentration. Mixing WBG with DGC increased (P = 0.02) acetic acid concentration. Aerobic stability tended (P = 0.08) to be 12 h longer for both mixtures of WBG and DGC. Under the conditions of the present study, averaged across storage lengths, mixing WBG with DGC did not significantly speed acidification, decrease the final pH, or prolong aerobic stability of WBG.</div>","PeriodicalId":22841,"journal":{"name":"The Professional Animal Scientist","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 642-648"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15232/pas.2018-01761","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91744084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2