The Journal of Agricultural Extension最新文献

{"title":"Understanding Milk Consumption Habits Among College Students in Order to Redesign Outreach","authors":"Stacey Stearns, Adam N. Rabinowitz","doi":"10.34068/JOE.59.02.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34068/JOE.59.02.09","url":null,"abstract":"College students consume less dairy milk than in the past. Increased competition in the beverage aisle influences their choices. However, much of the population is not meeting the recommended intake guidelines for calcium. A survey of undergraduate college students with university dining plans focused on milk consumption habits, beverage choices, and student attitudes toward healthful foods and nutrition. Results are guiding Extension program educational outreach campaigns to college students. By focusing on the healthful and nutritional benefits of milk, Extension educators could increase consumption among college age consumers, and their long-term healthful outcomes.","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83985677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farm Dinner Theater: Improving Health and Safety for Farm Families","authors":"D. Reed, D. McCallum, Eileen Legault","doi":"10.34068/JOE.59.02.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34068/JOE.59.02.16","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a brief overview of Farm Dinner Theater (FDT), a novel intervention that positively influences the health and safety behaviors of senior family farmers and their family. The FDT uses principles of adult learning and engages the audience in conversations about their health and safety experiences. The FDT was developed through interdisciplinary community-engaged research and tested using a repeated measures design with 553 intervention and 317 comparison participants. Significant changes were reported and the FDT is now being used by Extension through the use of a toolkit developed by the project. INTRODUCTION Farm culture is difficult to change, especially when it comes to health and work behaviors (Neufeld, 2005); however, novel learning formats have proven acceptable and effective in addressing community issues (Ingram, 2013; McDonald, Williams, Carter, 2001). The Farm Dinner Theater (FDT) is an interactive intervention intended to change health and safety behaviors of senior farmers, a group that has long suffered the highest farming fatality rates (Myers, 2009). FDT incorporates two aspects of the readers’ theater form of community theater: (1) a readers’ script and (2) a didactic portion following the script. The scripts for FDT, which are based on the experiences of local farmers and literature on health and safety of senior farmers, and the interchange during the didactic portion reflect the social norms of the community regarding health and safety. The FDT provides a “safe place” to begin conversations about sensitive topics, such as farmer stress or changing the way work is performed. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS The FDT incorporates aspects of readers’ theater, which became popular during World War II when resources to produce plays were scarce (Coger & White, 1973). The focus of readers’ theater lies in the words of the script rather than on elaborate sets, costumes, or actions. One important use of the FDT is to help audiences recognize the importance of certain behaviors and beliefs. This form of theater includes discussion of the theater’s themes among the audience following the presentation. Open discussion allows the audience to reflect on the content, incorporate the information within their own lived experiences and within the social norms of the group (Ajzen, 1991). Through these discussions, new information becomes available, and the participant is empowered to make change. The theater becomes the medium for information sharing and processing. The FDT incorporates all these aspects to move individual and community health behaviors. OVERVIEW OF FDT Working with collaborators, we developed FDT programming and offered it in eight geographically diverse sites across three states between 2015–2018. The FDT was based on research that collected information about how senior farmers and their families view health and safety (Reed & Claunch, 2015; Reed & Claunch, 2017), a larger study of Kentucky and South Carolina farm ","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88220850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of Assessing Personal, Organizational, and Community Impacts of Extension Volunteer Programs","authors":"R. Harrington, Tillie Good, Kandi O’Neil, Samantha B Grant, S. Maass, Rachelle Vettern, Patricia C. McGlaughlin","doi":"10.34068/JOE.59.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34068/JOE.59.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"Extension volunteers demonstrate personal, organizational, and community benefits. Our group of Extension professionals in the North Central Region applied these three levels of benefit to gather quantitative and qualitative data in a comprehensive evaluation of volunteer impact. Survey responses were received from 2,978 4-H youth development volunteers in 12 states. A mixed-methods approach, such as the one we used, can provide Extension professionals with evidence to communicate the value of volunteer programs and improve their practice in volunteer systems management.","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78539900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Disease Outreach Messages: Testing of Gain and Loss Frames","authors":"Erin L. Pavloski, Heather Treizenberg","doi":"10.34068/JOE.59.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34068/JOE.59.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Gain and loss framing has been used in risk communication across many !elds as a technique for shaping individuals’ behaviors. Via community-engaged research conducted with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, we tested !ve message frames to determine e\"cacy for outreach programs. We made the following determinations: (a) for increasing risk perceptions regarding !sh disease, a loss frame in a !sh disease management context should be used; (b) for decreasing risk perceptions regarding !sh disease management, a gain frame in a !sh disease context should be used; (c) for motivating behavioral intention regarding prevention and risk reduction, a gain frame in a !sh disease context should be used. Our !ndings are of interest to Extension professionals and others working in natural resources.","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84394708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Makes a Small Farm Successful? A Review of Success Factors, Needs, and Challenges","authors":"Katherine Tritsch, K. Mix, Michelle Edwards, Manuel Piña","doi":"10.34068/JOE.59.02.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34068/JOE.59.02.18","url":null,"abstract":"Small-scale farmers face unique challenges. In this review, we conceptualize small farm success by aggregating and categorizing results from recent (post-2000) literature on small farm success factors and producer needs assessments. Our findings suggest that small farm success is multifaceted and not limited to profitability. We find that small farms have a diverse range of needs, though little has been done to rank their importance. We conclude that future research would benefit from increased methodological transparency and a systematic approach to needs evaluation. We consider the role of Extension professionals regarding the continued success of small farms.","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77527298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Improved Production Technologies Among Goat Farmers in Abia State Nigeria","authors":"L. O. Obinna, S. E. Onu","doi":"10.4314/JAE.V25I2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAE.V25I2.9","url":null,"abstract":"The study provided an empirical evidence on the use of improved goat production technologies among rural farmers in Abia State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were, ascertain the extent of use of improved goat production technologies, determine factors influencing use of improved goat production technologies and identify constraints to access and use of improved goat production technologies. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was adopted in selecting 120 respondents. Data were collected through the use of questionnaire and analysed with frequency, percentage, mean and regression model. Respondents were aware of dipping (100%),deworming (99.2%) fostering of kids (93.3%) and colostrum feeding (71.7%), among others. On extent of use of improved goat production technologies, respondents highly used most of improved goat production technologies [grand mean = X = 3.20]. All the respondents [100%] agreed that lack of access to credit was a constraint to use, 100% agreed on lack of credibility from source of technological information, 99.2% agreed that they were afraid of taking risk, 93.3% agreed on difficulty in technology application, among others. Age education, household size, farming experience, farm size, income and access to credit were the determinants of use of improved goat production technologies at 5% level of probability Greater use of available improved technologies will promote productivity, and therefore there is need for proper sensitization and awareness by relevant agencies. Again, credit should be made available to farmers by relevant governmental and nongovernmental agencies to increase the level of use of available improved technologies. \u0000Keywords: improved goat production technologies and farmers","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74921445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smallholder Sugarcane Farmers’ Participation and Profitability of Factory Contracted Services in Malava Sub-County, Kenya","authors":"Francis Lekololi Ambetsa, S. N. Ndirangu, Sam Mwangi","doi":"10.4314/JAE.V25I2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAE.V25I2.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effect of participation in factory contracted services on the profitability of smallholder sugarcane farmers inMalava Sub-county in Western Kenya. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire from a sample of 384 farmers usingsystematic random sampling and proportionate sampling. Analysis of variance was applied to determine if there was a significant difference between profitability of contracted and non-contracted farmers. The effect of contracted services on profitability among contract farmers was analyzed by multiple linear regression. The results showed that contracted extension, labour and credit services had significant effect on farmers’ gross margins. The Kenyan government should formulate policies that enhance provision of contracted extension, labour and credit services. The need for a review of the existing contract engagement terms among sugarcane farmers is also evident in this study. \u0000Keywords: smallholder farms, sugarcane, contracted services, gross margins","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84911516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Demand-Driven Agricultural Extension Curricula among Alumni from Selected Universities in Nigeria","authors":"Oladele Oladimeji Idowu","doi":"10.4314/JAE.V25I2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAE.V25I2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed demand-driven agricultural extension curricula by alumni from universities in Nigeria partnering with Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education (SAFE) on such curriculum for at least seven years. Using a cross-sectional research design and cluster sampling technique, 227 alumni were randomly selected from a population of 520. Data were collected through structured questionnaire on socio-economic characteristics, mode of study, areas of specialization operationalized as close-ended questions and rating of programme components on a 5 -point Likert type scale of poor (1) fair (2) good (3) very good (4) excellent (5) with 70 items. Data entry and analysis were done with SPSS 25 using percentages, mean score and multiple regression analysis. Adult education approaches, supervised enterprise projects, students’ supervision, academic advice, information sharing, and participation in research projects had highest positive rating; while fund raising, scholarship, opportunity for enrolling and be part of a professional scientific network, linkage & involvement with Sasakawa Africa Association (SAA) field activities, laboratories and variety of subjects offered had highest negative rating. Socio-economic characteristics of alumni were significantly correlated and explained 49 percent of the variation in programme rating. The study recommends that there is need to review the curricula covered in this study and mechanisms for compliance with the Sasakawa methodology should be reinvigorated. \u0000Keywords: alumni, demand-driven, agricultural extension, university curricula.","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77413507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Participation in Farmers Training Centre Based Extension Training in Ethiopia","authors":"A. Alemu","doi":"10.4314/JAE.V25I2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAE.V25I2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the determinants of farmers’ participation in farmers training center based trainings and its outcome on maize, haricot bean and coffee productivity. Data were collected from randomly selected 194 households. Outcomes of the FTC based training on maize, haricot bean and coffee productivity was analyzed using t-test whereas binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors determining farmers’ participation in FTC based training. The result showed that education, land size, contact with development agent, access to road, wealth status and livestock holding of the household positively determine households’ decision to participate whereas distance from FTC negatively determines households’ decision to participate. There was positive outcome of the FTC based training on maize, haricot bean and coffee productivity. The study recommends that governmental, public and private sectors should expand access to education, access to road and strength linkage between famers and agricultural development agents.","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85679608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capacity Building Needs of Small-Holder Cocoyam (Xanthosoma Sagittifoliuu) Farmers in Selected Rural Communities of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"K. Nkeme, J. Ekanem, Victoria Asuquo Nse","doi":"10.4314/JAE.V25I2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAE.V25I2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the capacity building needs of small-holder cocoyam farmers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria during the 2018  cropping season. Data were randomly collected from 130 respondents selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure using questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics, net returns model and budgeting technique. For agronomic management practice, result showed that the major sources of land acquisition and labour were inheritance (63%) and hired labour (52.6%). The majority (71.6%) of sampled farmers cultivated between 20 and 80 stands of cocoyam per farm. Result further showed that the major marketing channels of cocoyam were; farm gate (40.7%) and rural markets (24.7%. The main sources of information for cocoyam farmers were family and friends (40.9%), radio and television (18%) and extension agents (10.5%). The cost-returns analysis showed a gross margin and net return of N1, 164,500.00, and N494, 700.00, respectively, and the return per capital of N1.74. The most capacitybuilding needs of cocoyam farmers were information on processing technology ( x=3.31), farm credit information ( x= 3.19),   information on pest/ disease control ( x=3.17), storage information ( x=3.15), record keeping/ evaluation need ( x =2.92) and effective cocoyam marketing ( x =2.88). The major constraints militating against cocoyam production in the study area were; absence of  marketing information ( x =2.57), poor record keeping ( x =2.57), labour scarcity ( x =2.42), pest and disease ( x=2.34), lack of improved variety of planting material ( x =2.30). Provision of marketing channels information to farmers, enhancing access to extension contact and periodic training of farmers` on improved management practices are avenues to boost cocoyam production. \u0000Keywords: Capacity building needs, small holders cocoyam farmer","PeriodicalId":22617,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79572069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}