The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology最新文献

{"title":"Probiotics in poultry: a comprehensive review","authors":"Neha Halder, J. Sunder, Arun Kumar De, D. Bhattacharya, S. Joardar","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00379-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00379-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"5 3","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphologic and phylogenetic investigations revealed size-divergent clades in chelae morphotypes of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium vollenhovenii Herklots (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in a lake and river system of Southwest Nigeria","authors":"Oyediran Olusegun. Oyebola, Oluwakayode Michael Coker, Charity Oche, Olumuyiwa Ayodeji Akanmu, Oluwatoyin Alamu, Victor Okechukwu Azuh, Christy Funmilayo Idowu","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00376-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00376-8","url":null,"abstract":"The freshwater prawn Macrobrachium vollenhovenii is one of the largest Macrobrachium species, a biological agent against human schistosomiasis, and a cheap protein source in riverine communities in West Africa. However, its aquaculture development for sustainable utilization is challenged by cryptic identity amidst the presence of morphotypes of unknown size and genetic relatedness. This study aimed to investigate the maximum sizes and evolutionary links of chelae morphotypes in M. vollenhovenii for precise identification and utilization in a 3 × 2 randomized block experimental design. Ninety biggest encountered samples of M. vollenhovenii chelae morphotypes—those possessing equal left and right side chelae, longer left chelae, and shorter left chelae—were obtained from fisherfolks’ catches at each of Asejire Lake and Ogun River during peak seasons (July–September) bimonthly field survey, representing EAAL, LLAL, SLAL—GAALs, and EAOR, LLOR, SLOR—GAORs. These were analyzed for differences (p < 0.05) in size-linked parameters—length (L (cm)), weight (W (g)), and condition factor (K). Specimens’ 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences were utilized to infer phylogenetic linkages, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and amino acid translations alongside NCBI references (NCBIrefseq). Weight (W) and condition factor (K), among GAALs, for SLAL and LLAL were similar; EAAL was significantly lowest; among GAORs, SLOR and LLOR were similar; and EAOR was significantly lowest. In GAALs, EAAL, LLAL, and SLAL had higher L, W, and K than counterpart GAORs. Sequences formed two polyphyletic groups: EAOR branch from EAAL, in which 100.0%EA rooted 75.0% NCBIrefseqs, forming a clade; and GAOR-SLOR and LLOR branch form GAOR-LLAL rooted SLAL, in which 100.0%LL and SL rooted KJ463387.1 (Badagry), forming another clade. SNP Locus 91 separated 100.0%GAOR from 100.0%GAAL and 100.0%NCBIrefseqs translating to valine; SNP Locus 171 separated 100.0%EA and its co-rooted NCBIrefseqs from 100.0%LL, SL, and their co-rooted NCBIrefseq, translating to glycine/glutamic acid change. The equal left and right side chelae and the unequal left and right side chelae specimens are, respectively, small- and robust-sized, irrespective of habitat. They are divergent size-linked clades having protein translate differences, delineable at 16S rRNA SNP Locus 171; their size variant habitat strains are delineable at SNP Locus 91. These SNP markers will be useful for precision identification and selection of the size variant chelae morph strains for sustainable utilization.","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confirmed presence of the enigmatic ant Aphaenogaster gemella (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Iberia","authors":"Javier Arcos, Paco Alarcón","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00375-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00375-9","url":null,"abstract":"While the Iberian Peninsula has been relatively well-studied from a myrmecological standpoint, the true presence of certain ant species has remained obscure for decades. In this context, the case of A. gemella (Roger, 1862) stands out as one of the most intriguing examples. Initially described from the Balearic Islands, this conspicuous species seemingly vanished from the archipelago by the 1980s, confining its current distribution to the Maghreb region. However, lingering doubt has persisted regarding its potential presence in Iberia, based on some old bibliographic records from Spain and Portugal. This study confirms the first known established population of A. gemella in the Iberian Peninsula (Tarifa, Southern Iberia). Two colonies were detected in an urban grass patch within the city center. The validity of other Iberian records regarding the species and its status as an exotic species are also discussed. The presence of A. gemella in Southern Iberia highlights the need for targeted sampling efforts to delineate its actual range and distinguish it from morphologically similar species in the region.","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginger (Zingiber officinale) attenuates the neurotoxicity in rats induced by organophosphate pesticide","authors":"Poonam Keshav, Deepak Kumar Goyal, Santosh Singh","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00374-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00374-w","url":null,"abstract":"We are exposed to different chemicals in various ways in our daily life, and these can be toxic at minute concentrations. The pesticides used for different purposes are also toxic and may pose threat to life by inducing oxidative stress. Dichlorvos (DDVP) is an organophosphate pesticide used for various purposes and is also reported to be toxic. In this study, the neurotoxicity of DDVP exposure was studied. The role of ginger, Zingiber officinale (ZO), was also evaluated against the neurotoxic effects of DDVP. Forty-eight Wistar rats of both the sexes were used in this study. The rats were exposed to DDVP and post-treatment with ZO was given. The oxidative stress in terms of lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) levels were estimated after exposure and treatment. DDVP resulted in oxidative stress, evidenced by enhanced LPO level. The simultaneous reductions in other non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants were reported. The post-treatment with ZO led to a reduction in oxidative stress in rat brains. The levels of SOD, CAT, GSH, GR, and GPx were increased whereas declined levels of LPO were reported after treatment. Hence, ginger can help mitigate the pesticide toxicity through the up-regulation of antioxidant levels.","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triazophos toxicity induced histological abnormalities in Heteropneustes fossilis Bloch 1794 (Siluriformes: Heteropneustidae) organs and assessment of recovery response","authors":"Kanniyappan Loganathan, Samuel Tennyson, Subramanian Arivoli","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00373-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00373-x","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural pesticides have toxic effects in the aquatic ecosystem, and their persistence poses a hazard to aquatic life, as seen by fish poisoning, both acute and chronic. Triazophos, a broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide, is used to control agricultural crops from insect pests. For a period of 10 days, Heteropneustes fossilis, a fish of great economic and therapeutic value, was exposed to various levels of triazophos toxicity (5, 10 and 15 ppm), after which they were sacrificed. For recovery tests, the treated fish were switched to clean tap water after 10 days of exposure to the toxicant, examined for another 10 days, and then sacrificed. The histological changes in the tissues of the sacrificed fishes' gill, liver, intestine, kidney, brain, and muscle (treatment and recovery) were investigated. The histology investigations revealed that the toxicant was hazardous, with histopathological changes increasing as the concentration of the toxicant increased. The gills had the most damage, with fusion of secondary lamella and epithelial hyperplasia; liver had vacuolization, pyknotic nuclei, and focal necrosis; intestine had degenerated, necrotic villi, degeneration of epithelial cells, and atropy; kidney had narrowing of the tubular lumen, pyknotic nuclei, hypertrophy, degeneration; swelling, haemorrhage, larger neuronal cells, and karyolysis were observed in the brain, whereas infiltration of leucocytes, loss of striated muscles, and an increase in intra fibril area were observed in the muscle. When compared to the treated fishes, the 10-day recovery research demonstrated tissue damage and a slower recovery pattern. Triazophos caused histological changes in the gill, liver, intestine, kidney, brain and muscle of the test fish Heteropneustes fossilis. With reference to recovery response, a slow recovery was observed. Furthermore, this is the first investigation into the effects of triazophos on the recovery response in Heteropneustes fossilis.","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"202 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The repository of biocontrol agents for Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) with emphasis on their mode of action","authors":"Samar Mahmood, Hina Parwez","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00358-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00358-w","url":null,"abstract":"Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) is one of the most destructive pests of Maize plants, causing an estimated 40% crop loss in 2019. It is a native pest of America and difficult to control since it has developed resistance against most insecticides efficient in controlling lepidopteran pests, including recommended Chlorantraniliprole and Flubendiamide. Due to the increasing need for a change in pest management methods, it is necessary to consider biological control on a commercial level. In this review, we have put together a list of all the biocontrol agents (parasites, parasitoids, predators, viruses, bacteria, and fungi) reported from different parts of the world effective in managing the impact of S. frugiperda, along with an elaborate mechanism of action of each natural killer. After analyzing the procured data, Pareto charts were prepared plotting the distribution of the mortality of S. frugiperda caused by parasitoids and pathogens. The regional abundance was plotted in the form of graph. Pareto’s charts (Fig. 6) shows that Telenomus remus and Steinernema riobrave accounts for a maximum of 90% mortality of S. frugiperda among other high contributors (Chelonus insularis, Trichospilus pupivora, Ophion flavidus, Heterorhabditis indica, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Trichogramma mwanai). NPV and Metarhizium anisopliae were proved to be the most effective micro-entomopathogens causing up to 98% mortality. Also, these entomopathogens were reported all over the world but found abundant in Mexico and India. Based on this study, we recommend the augmentation of entomopathogenic insects on a large scale only to commercialize them in the market and produce different ready-to-use pathogenic formulations to be applied in the fields combined with a significantly less quantity of harmful chemical ailments.","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on the anti-parasitic activity of ruthenium compounds","authors":"Shibam Chakraborty, Sumit Ghosh, Shauryabrota Dalui, Avijit Dey","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00371-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00371-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"7 11","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidences of in vivo cytotoxic and apoptotic potential of anthelmintic phytochemical kaempferol derivative isolated from Lysimachia ramosa (Wall. ex Duby) in Wistar rats","authors":"Ashish Sarkar, Deepjyoti Dev, Bishnupada Roy","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00369-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00369-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141356744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive examination of camel (Camelus Dromedaries) otic prominence through morphological and CT imaging studies","authors":"Mohamed W. El-Sherif, Mohamed A. Nazih","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00368-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00368-8","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the morphological anatomy of otic prominences in camels using advanced computed tomography (CT). Nine adult cadaver camel heads underwent CT scanning to generate detailed images of the otic prominences, mastoid process, styloid process, stylomastoid foramen, external acoustic meatus, bulla tympanica, and muscular processes. The morphological anatomy of otic prominences was studied in nine skulls. The anatomical features were analyzed, revealing a compact and closely collected configuration of otic prominences. Unique characteristics of the mastoid process, bulla tympanica, and styloid process were observed, challenging the conventional descriptions. This study underscores the value of CT scans in enhancing anatomical studies and provides insights into comparative veterinary anatomy, facilitating the evaluation of various conditions and disorders in camels.","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dominance structure and constancy of spiders in the Indian Thar desert","authors":"Neisseril Anirudhan Kashmeera, Ambalaparambil Vasu Sudhikumar","doi":"10.1186/s41936-024-00366-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00366-w","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge about the species of a habitat (both resident and transient/dominant and rare) is a vital step to plan the conservation measures. Being generalist predators, spiders help controlling the population of their prey and maintain ecosystem stability. This makes spiders excellent bio-indicators for assessing the impact of anthropogenic disturbance factors on natural ecosystems (De, Siliwal, Uniyal and Hussain in Trop. Ecol. 63: 1–7, 2021). The aim of this study was to assess the dominance structure and constancy of spiders in three different habitats (Sand dunes, Riparian and Rocky) of the Thar desert. Study was conducted from March 2017 to February 2019 covering all seasons. The eudominant species in sand dunes and rocky desert belonged to the family Thomisidae. These species were Tmarus sp. 1 and Tmarus kotigeharus Tikader, 1963, respectively. There were two eudominants in Riparian habitat (Oecobius putus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 and Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour, 1831)). Through the analysis of constancy of all the species in the Thar desert, it was revealed that three species were constant in all the three habitats. The number of accessory and accidental species was far higher than constant species in all the habitats. The number of accessory and accidental spider species in all habitats was far higher than constants due to the unstability of spider population. Therefore, this study highlights the necessity for conservation of these habitats of the Thar desert.","PeriodicalId":22591,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141167321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}