The International Journal of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Observation of Which-Way-2D-Cross-Double-Slit Experiments: Violation of Bohr’s Complementarity Principle","authors":"Hui Peng","doi":"10.12691/ijp-8-4-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ijp-8-4-6","url":null,"abstract":"Young’s one-dimension-double-slit experiment represents the basic mystery of quantum world and was extended to which-way-1D-double-slit experiment. To explore the mystery, 2D-cross-double-slit apparatuses have been proposed, which consists of more than one double-slits intersecting to each other. In this article, we report which-way-2D-cross-double-slit experiments by detecting which slit of a double-slit of 2D-cross-double-slit apparatus a photon would pass through. The experimental results show that photons passing through the detected double-slit behave as particle, while photons passing through other undetected double-slit(s) distribute as wave in the same experiment with the same apparatus. Namely the particle nature and wave distribution coexist, which violates Bohr’s complementarity principle. We suggest that photon’s “particle nature” is intrinsic, while the term “wave nature” represents a wave-like distribution, which is a consequence of movement of photon as particle. It is a challenge to interpret mathematically those observations consistently.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74255312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Right Speed of Light in a Vacuum (Space) and the Right Relativity","authors":"Hany Ali Hussein","doi":"10.12691/ijp-8-4-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ijp-8-4-5","url":null,"abstract":"This article will propose and empirically validate a new hypothesis for the speed of light. The main result of this proposal is that Galilean/Newtonian relativity is more accurate than special relativity, even for relativistic speeds. The hypothesis is “Light moves in a free space at a speed c , in the inertial reference frame of the smallest celestial particle containing the light source. Once it is released outside the effect zone of this celestial particle, its speed will be c in the inertial reference frame of the bigger celestial particle or the celestial particle that will pick up it. Celestial particles act as carriers for Light.” Another important result for of this proposal is that the absolute/relative speed of light or any other particle may exceed the value c . Through the article, we will deeply validate this proposal using famous phenomena and experiments such as Aberration, Doppler Effect, Binary Stars, Headlight Effect, Michelson-Morley Experiment, and Time Dilation.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75626454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Approach to an Element of Order Number Zero in the Periodic System","authors":"T. G. Gerlitz, W. Walden","doi":"10.12691/ijp-8-4-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ijp-8-4-4","url":null,"abstract":"The question for anti-particles is one of the most outstandingly difficult problems in physics. There were many successful attempts from researchers including models to find a suitable explanation for anti-matter appearing in atom and matter theory. Some examples show really to demonstrate anti-matter character as it reveals the Dirac ́s quantum mechanical formalism. Indeed, a series of those atoms are found by experiment. In addition some exotic sounding ones are theoretically predicted and proven by experiment as it is the Positronium. This atom is formed by an electron and a positron and seams really to represented particle and co-particle in one so that it can be considered its own anti-particle itself. Obviously, this construct besides other ideas can meet the requirement of negative states predicted by Dirac as it finally led to the discovery of the positron as well many decades ago. The consideration of negative states in atom physics and the aspect to involve that phenomena into the description of particles could also lead to an extension in the chemical periodic system similarly to arrive at boardering edges those could limit the chemical elements at one side by the Feynmanium and on the other a Positronium. In addition, this research is one of the main goals in elementary physics as it opens a way for interpretation of the Dirac ́s equation allowing or even demanding for negative states. Although, particles negative in electric charge or atoms reversed in the charges of nucleus and the surrounding electric clouds, respectively, still demonstrate positive in mass. As a consequence it stands the question wheather and how this requirement can be overcome to entirely obey the demands for negative states, because the mass in all those investigations remains positive and every atom found consists of real and positive matter. However, those suggestions are missing. The aim of the present study is to propose a model that becomes suitable to consider those facts, especially not to ignore a mass negative. In this investigation a theory is tried in a simple model that considers both states of matter together to arrive at an atomic system consisting of an electromagnetic wave. Since electromagnetic waves are that way a true phenomena as they do not appear in a rest-mass differing from zero and there are also no electric or magnetic interaction either, the simplest form of an atom is proposed in the result of a pure electromagnetic wave alone.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85225358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Variation of the Atomic Radius with the Universal Density of Potential Energy","authors":"J. L. Fernandes","doi":"10.12691/IJP-8-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/IJP-8-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"After learning that ρ (Universal Density of Potential Energy), varies from one place to another, causing a change in the time measured in the clocks, inversely proportional to the square root of the value of ρ, \"Ref. [1]\", and that in expanding universe, locally, Universal Density of Potential Energy will decrease in the inverse proportion of that expansion. This decrease increases the G value indicating that the less the Universal Density of Potential Energy, the better the gravitational radiation occurs, thus causing its increase in the direct proportion of the expansion of the Universe, \"Ref. [1]\". Following the same principle, the Magnetic Permeability of the Vacuum should also increase, allowing a better propagation of electromagnetic waves. The increase in this permeability will allow greater action by the nuclei of the atoms on the electrons. Applying the expression of the atomic ray through quantum mechanics, we conclude that the size of the atoms will decrease with the expansion of the Universe, that is, it will vary in the inverse proportion of that expansion. This finding also implies that the stars are shrinking, which requires a New approach to the removal of the Moon from the Earth. The age of the Universe. Hubble Constant, \"Ref. [1].","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73711168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Concept for Subcritical Nuclear Electricity Production with Control of the Fuel - the “olive frame” Single-piece Core, a Simple Hydropump","authors":"F. Pirot","doi":"10.12691/IJP-8-4-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/IJP-8-4-2","url":null,"abstract":"Fabricating an hydropump using nuclear power permits electricity production at community level. The subcritical nature allows a simple design. The core is built with as little pieces as possible (if possible a single ovoid core, that could be compared morphologically to a giant de-stoned olive, made of a single tungsten carbide frame, and, in addition, the tube for channeling the water that shall be inserted through the “olive” and welded so as to close the “olive” hermetically) and relies on, typically, helium for heat transfer; it is conceived with the purpose of being welded with the fuel in and let for heat production without reopening for several years until the whole machine is shelved after consumption of most of the fuel; in principle that design allows very limited staffing (or none at all, under electronic supervision at a distance). The increased diffusion of nuclear energy would be possible, with for instance community recollection of alpha-emitting nanoparticulates from draft water to recycle the pollution in electricity production for small communities (with fission possibly not even involved - solely alpha decay energy), with the idea that security services would, simply, regularly check the cores to make sure there is no “window” of any kind on the cores.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73976092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Theoretical Derivation of Faraday's Second Law of Electromagnetic Induction","authors":"Wei-guo Feng","doi":"10.12691/IJP-8-4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/IJP-8-4-1","url":null,"abstract":"Fraday's law of induction is one of the most important laws in electromagnetism. In this paper, based on the curl of electric field vector generated from a moving charge, we show a detailed derivation process, which describes how to derive the rate of change of the magnetic field with time from the curl of the electric field vector. From the mathematical derivation, we found that the acceleration of the charge movement can generate one electric field, which is essentially equivalent to the a non-conservative electric field excited by the ratio of change of magnetic field with time. The theoretical derivation is meaningful to explore the nature of electromagnetic field transformation.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86029206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rule of Natural Disasters Coming to Rebalance Unjust Development and Irresponsibility-Laws of Physics Explain the Trope of “Divine Retribution” against the “Nouveaux Riches”","authors":"F. Pirot","doi":"10.12691/IJP-7-4-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/IJP-7-4-4","url":null,"abstract":"Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, fireballs are here discussed with, again, explanation on why fireballs obey to strict physical rules and demonstration that they are among other things the definitive explanation of the collapse of the Maya civilization in what was actually a sudden obliteration by a cluster of fireballs. Extractive development (what has been defined already by Acemoglu and Robinson) is what natural disasters come to rebalance ; extractive development leads to over-accumulation of typically weighty resources in a small area where they disrupt the crust and also represent particularly attractive beacons for fireballs. This is carefully demonstrated over a wide range of time with many examples.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88224157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contamination with Natural Radioactivity and Other Sources of Energy - the Explanation for Bose-Einstein Condensates, for the Creeping Behaviour of Helium and for the “Casimir Effect”","authors":"F. Pirot","doi":"10.12691/IJP-7-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/IJP-7-3-5","url":null,"abstract":"Bose-Einstein condensates, the creeping behaviour of helium, and the Casimir Effect happen to be particularly simple to explain. The forgotten cause is to be found in the various sources of energy producing movement, in experimental settings in which, especially, the contamination with radon is not checked. Other sources of movement as well interact with the experiments - sometimes the experimenters’ imprecise behaviour leads to the result. The issue of the “Vacuum catastrophe” is hence solved.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77126344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volcanic Tephras and Human Energy Losses Together: The Real Source of Climate Change","authors":"F. Pirot","doi":"10.12691/IJP-7-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/IJP-7-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming is real and anthropogenic. This is a fact. But the current consensus goes totally off track by blaming carbon, methane and water vapor. The real cause of global warming is the combination of losses of energy (heat and all other sources of radiation) with volcanic tephras and other materials in the high atmosphere. The tephras and other high altitude materials retain some of the energy lost from e.g. badly isolated buildings, motors, cattle, all non-renewables sources of electricity and energy - hence nuclear reactors which are a hidden contributor as they lose 70% of their thermal output in the environment before conversion into electricity – and some of the energy from the other sources of dissipation, from thermal radiation to EM waves and photons from lights especially with non-energy-efficient systems. This model allows to explain very closely the evolution of the Global Land Ocean Temperature Index provided for 1880 to today by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The high significance of the tree cover to fight off global warming is once again underlined and other tracks are also offered. A mechanism of natural balance is then shown. Natural disasters destroy areas contributing too much to global warming. This is demonstrated in particular with nuclear reactors (but this is non-exhaustive, all other above-average sources of energy loss are affected). A solution for sustainable fission power for electricity is provided at the end.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77449090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of local sesars of tejakula buleleng bali with anomaly gravity data using second vertical derivative method","authors":"K. N. Suarbawa, I. G. Adnyana, Elvin Riyono","doi":"10.31295/IJPM.V3N1.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31295/IJPM.V3N1.170","url":null,"abstract":"Research has been carried out related to subsurface structures in the Tejakula Buleleng Bali area and its surroundings using the gravity method. This study aims to identify the local Tejakula fault. The data used in this study is gravity anomaly data obtained from observations of Geodetic Satellite (GEOSAT). The method used in interpreting the type of disturbance uses the Second Vertical Derivative method, which then produces two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) fault model interpretations. Based on the results obtained in the study, the condition of the bouguer gravity anomaly value in the Tejakula area and its surroundings at the research location is in the range of 65 mGal to 185 mGal. Meanwhile, based on the Second Vertical Derivative method in determining the type of fault, the Tejakula Fault can be categorized as a mandatory fault with an upward trend.","PeriodicalId":22540,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74968114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}