The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Heat Stress on Growth Performance and some Blood and Physiological Parameters of Suckling Friesian Calves in Egypt","authors":"Gaafar Hma, El-Nahrawy Mm, Mesbah Ra, Shams A Sh, Sayed Sk, A. Badr","doi":"10.26502/ijpaes.202121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ijpaes.202121","url":null,"abstract":"Forty newly born male and female Friesian calves including 20 calves during the winter season and 20 calves summer season 2020, were used to study the effect of heat stress on live body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed and economic efficiency during suckling period. Ambient temperature, relative humidity and temperature humidity index were markedly higher during summer in compression with winter season. Digestibility coefficients of all nutrients (DM, OM, CP, CF, EE and NFE) and feeding values (TDN and DCP) reduced significantly (P<0.05) for summer ration compared to winter ration. Ruminal pH value and ammonia nitrogen concentration were higher significantly (P<0.05), however total VFA concentration was lower significantly (P<0.05) for summer than winter season. Concentrations of serum total protein, globulin and glucose were higher significantly (P<0.05), however, albumin to globulin ratio, concentrations of urea and creatinine and activity of AST and ALT activity were lower significantly (P<0.05) for winter season compared to summer season. Hemoglobin (HGB) concentration and counts of white blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC) were declined significantly (P<0.05), however, haematocrit percentage (HCT), mean cellular volume (MCV), mean cellular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cellular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), were raised significantly (P<0.05) for summer season than those of winter season. Intake of TDN, CP and DCP were higher significantly (P<0.05) for winter season than those of summer season. Weaning weight, total weight gain and average daily gain were higher significantly (P<0.05) for winter season in comparison with summer season. The amounts of DM, TDN, CP and DCP per kg weight gain were lower significantly (P<0.05) for summer season compared to winter season. Feed cost per kg weight gain was higher significantly (P<0.05), however, output of ADG, net revenue and economic efficiency were higher significantly (P<0.05) for winter season than those of summer season. All physiological parameters such as rectum temperature (RT), skin temperature (ST), respiration rate (RR) and pulse rate (PR) were higher significantly (P < 0.05) during the summer compared to the winter season.","PeriodicalId":22532,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79073949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assesment of Sequestration Potential and Biomass Accumulation of Managed Mangrove Plantations of Mida Creek, Kilifi County Kenya","authors":"Ogola Kevin Omollo, N. Dharani, B. Okeyo","doi":"10.26502/IJPAES.202104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/IJPAES.202104","url":null,"abstract":"Mangrove forests play a very significant role along the coastal environment throughout the tropical coast. They provide ecosystem services that are able to sustain both flora and faunal organisms found in such ecosystems. They are store large quantities of carbon in their biomass hence referred to as carbon sinks. This carbon can be emitted into the atmosphere when mangrove forests are degraded through unsustainable utility. The main objective of this study is to quantify the amount of carbon sequestered by the managed mangrove forest of the Mida Creek, Kenya. Three sites were selected for this study; Kibusa Plantation, Green Island Plantation, and a Natural Stand. Plots of (10 x10) m 2 were selected in each study site. Three carbon pools were investigated; aboveground carbon, belowground carbon, and soil organic carbon. Biomass for carbon determination in Kibusa and Natural Stands was estimated using a general equation. Mean total carbon stocks in Kibusa and Green Island Plantations was 424.52±11.68 Mg C/ha and 958.57±50.01 Mg C/ha while the natural stand contained significantly higher total Carbon stocks of 2159.77±31.09 Mg C/ha (ANOVA, F0.05(1),2,6 = 262.91, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the amount of soil organic carbon Int J Plant Anim Environ Sci 2021; 11 (2): 233-250 10.26502/ijpaes.202104 International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences Vol. 11 No. 2 – June 2021 234 among the three different sites (F0.05(1),2,15=0.35, p>0.05). This study indicates that reforestation enhances structural development of replanted mangroves and that replanted mangroves are significant carbon stores. From these results, we can deduce that awareness should be raised among the community members on the need for conservation and management which will increase the amount of carbon sequestered since more mangroves increase the rate of carbon (IV) oxide capture. This will help in mitigating the issue of global warming at local levels.","PeriodicalId":22532,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89679198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) lines for salinity tolerance using salinity induction response technique at seedling and physiological growth assay at whole plant level","authors":"R. Manasa, Rameshraddy, H. Bindumadhava, R. Nair, T. G. Prasad, A. G. Shankar","doi":"10.21276/IJPAES","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJPAES","url":null,"abstract":"Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is an economically important food legume rich in nutrients. However, its productivity over the last few decades has been stagnant largely due to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the abiotic stresses, salinity stress is more damaging that limits functional plant growth and yield worldwide. Due to the complex nature of salinity stress and lack of suitable techniques for introgression of desirable agronomic traits, little progress has been made in developing salt tolerant lines in legumes, in general and mungbean in particular. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to screen mungbean lines for salinity tolerance. Forty mungbean lines were screened and contrasting lines were identified based on Salinity Induction Response (SIR) technique at the seedling level. As tolerance is a developmental stage specific, we further subjected the identified nine tolerant and nine susceptible lines for physiology based whole plant growth and yield phenotyping assay under 150 and 300 mM NaCl stress in pots. The results shown a considerable reduction in growth and yield performances of both tolerant and susceptible lines, but a few lines displayed relatively a better biomass and pod yield on par with non-stressed control plants. Based on seedling and whole plant level tolerance, a few tolerant (EC 693357, 58, 66, 71 and ML 1299) lines were identified for further investigation. Efforts are underway to use these identified tolerant lines as donor source for salinity breeding program to introgress with high yielding popular varieties.","PeriodicalId":22532,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences","volume":"732 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76787047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DISTRIBUTION AND CONCENTRATION SEVERAL TYPES OF HEAVY METAL CORRELATED WITH DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OF MICROALGAE AT TALLO RIVER, MAKASSAR, SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA","authors":"N. Rukminasari, S. Sahabuddin","doi":"10.5376/ijms.2015.05.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/ijms.2015.05.0022","url":null,"abstract":"The main problem of aquatic ecosystem is caused by pollution of heavy metal that comes from industrial disposal and domestic. This pollution is causing loss of biodiversity, also increasing of bioaccumulation and biomagnifications from the poisonous materials at the food web. River ecosystem is the most affected by aquatic pollution due to a major role of the river for community. A study on water quality, heavy metal concentration and microalgae abundance at selected sites of Tallo River was carried out. Eighteen water and sediment samples were collected along the river for heavy metal and water quality analysis and 27 water samples were collected for microalgae analysis. The aims of this research are: 1) Determine distribution and concentration of existing heavy metal Tallo River ecosystem, 2) Identify microalgae dominant from Tallo River ecosystem where have been polluted by several type of heavy metal. The results showed that there were three heavy metals at Tallo River which have a high concentration and above permissible maximum concentration of environment quality standard, such as Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu) and Chromium (Cr). Those heavy metals were distributed patchily between station sampling. The highest concentrations of those heavy metals were found close to the industrial location of the Tallo River. Statistical result showed that there was a significant different of heavy metal concentration between sampling stations and concentration all of heavy metal measured was higher at sediment than in the water column. Only four genera found during sampling. Skeletonema sp and Synedra sp were abundance at all sites of the research location. However, there is a weak regression between abundance of microalgae, species dominant and concentration of heavy metal (Pb, Cu and Cd) in the sediment and water column.","PeriodicalId":22532,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88407074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REVIEW ON ANAEROBIC TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE WITH LEACHATE RECIRCULATION","authors":"Mansi Rastogi, R. Hooda, M. Nandal","doi":"10.1002/CHIN.201506317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.201506317","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic bioreactor landfills are the most popular method to treat municipal solid waste as they rapidly stabilize waste, enhance leachate treatment along with increased landfill gas generation for cost-effective energy recovery and reduced post closure maintenance period. Leachate recirculation is one of the methods to apply in bioreactor to eliminate the leachate treatment and ground water contamination. The landfill leachate is characterized by high contents of organic and inorganic compounds which gradually decrease and depict the stabilization of municipal solid waste. Concentrations of these compounds in leachate depends on the type of waste, its susceptibility to dissolution, chemical and biological degradation and the volume of water running through the waste. The objective of this review paper is to highlight the effects of leachate recirculation on waste stabilization in a simulated bioreactor and to depict that the bioreactor efficiently stabilizes the waste mined from dumpsite by enhancing organic degradation","PeriodicalId":22532,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82788562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODELLING AND LIGAND INTERACTION STUDIES OF ENDO-1,4-BETA-XYLANASE FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS","authors":"Sreenath Konanki, J. Daddam, S. Anitha, M. Dowlathabad","doi":"10.13140/RG.2.2.30713.57442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30713.57442","url":null,"abstract":"Xylanase is the name given to a class of enzymes which degrade the linear polysaccharide beta-1,4- xylan into xylose, thus breaking down hemicellulose, which is a major component of the cell wall of plants. The sequence of Xylanase from Bacillus subtilis was obtained from NCBI. The predicted domain was searched to find out the related protein structure to be used as a template by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) program against Protein Databank (PDB). Sequence that showed maximum identity with high score and less e-value was aligned and used as a reference structure to build a 3D model for Xylanase. In order to understand the mechanisms of ligand binding and the interaction between the ligand and the Xylanase a three-dimensional (3D) model of the Xylanase is generated based on the crystal structure of the Template by using the Modeller. With the aid of the molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics methods, the final refined model is obtained and is further assessed by Profile-3D, which shows that the refined model is reliable. With this model, a flexible docking study is performed with the acetate ion as ligand. After the docking studies, important determined residues in binding are identified. The hydrogen bonds play an important role for the stability of the complex. These results may be helpful for further experimental investigations.","PeriodicalId":22532,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87686442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF PESTICIDES ON MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION OF SULPHUR IN SOIL","authors":"P. Giri, M. Saha, M. Halder, D. Mukherjee","doi":"10.5897/JSSEM.9000026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JSSEM.9000026","url":null,"abstract":"A pot study was conducted in the laboratory of Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India in the year 2007-2008 to investigate the effect of pesticides, on the microbial transformation of sulphur (S) in soil. Insecticide (Endosulfan), fungicide (Dithane M-45), herbicide (2,4-D) were added to the soil at their recommended doses, respectively and their effect on the proliferation and potentiality of thiosulphate oxiding bacteria, aryl sulphatase, available and total sulphur were investigated in soil. The results of the present investigation revealed that insecticide, endosulfan effectuated a significant detrimental effect on some microbiological, biochemical and chemical properties in soil whereas fungicide, dithane M-45 caused a significant detrimental influence during the later stages in spite of stimulating influence at early stages incubation period. However, herbicide, 2,4-D, brought about a beneficial influence on the microbiological, biochemical and chemical properties in soil. Among the pesticides used in the study, the performance of the herbicide was favorable in all respect.","PeriodicalId":22532,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90884202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}