The Indian Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

Epilepsy Among School-Children in a Rural District in Northwest India: Prevalence Estimates Using Three Different Approaches 印度西北部农村地区学龄儿童中的癫痫：使用三种不同方法估算患病率

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05245-4

Sulena Sulena, Gagandeep Singh, Preeti Padda, Divesh Tyagi

{"title":"Epilepsy Among School-Children in a Rural District in Northwest India: Prevalence Estimates Using Three Different Approaches","authors":"Sulena Sulena, Gagandeep Singh, Preeti Padda, Divesh Tyagi","doi":"10.1007/s12098-024-05245-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-024-05245-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>To estimate and compare the prevalence of epilepsy during childhood using several approaches and also to determine whether school-based screening campaigns can capture epilepsy cases efficiently.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Epilepsy prevalence determined from cases captured through the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK), a nationwide school-health screening framework, were compared with estimates derived from school- and community-based surveys in one Indian district. Level-1 screen comprised perusal of child health registers maintained by the RBSK teams over one year to estimate the documented number of children with epilepsy; Level-2 screen comprised a questionnaire-based school survey among 10,000 school children; and Level-3 screen-a door-to-door community-based survey among 10,000 children in the district.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Prevalence estimates of childhood epilepsy varied significantly across screening methods. The child health register identified lower crude and age-adjusted prevalences of 40 (95% CI, 24 to 55) and 36 (95% CI, 20 to 51)/1,00,000 vis-à-vis both the school survey [crude and age-adjusted prevalences of 354 (95% CI, 221 to 487) and 340 (95% CI, 181 to 517) per 100,000] and the community survey [crude and age-adjusted prevalences of 759 (95% CI, 591 to 927) and 746 (95% CI, 579 to 914) per 100,000]. The community survey identified 15 children with epilepsy (20%) who had dropped out of school. Also, it recaptured a small number of children previously identified by the school or child health register surveys.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The present findings underscore the need to scale up the capacity of public programs to screen epilepsy among school children and underline the high frequency of school dropouts among children with epilepsy in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":22491,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Variant (p.Leu1054Arg) in ABCB11 Presenting with Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) with Congenital Hypothyroidism. ABCB11中的一个新变体（p.Leu1054Arg）表现为伴有先天性甲状腺功能减退症的进行性家族性肝内胆汁淤积症（PFIC）。

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05271-2

Saurabh Agarwal,Nikhil Rajvanshi,Jagdish Prasad Goyal,Prawin Kumar

引用次数: 0

Rising Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indian Adolescents: Insights Into Prevalence, Prevention and Predictors. 印度青少年 2 型糖尿病发病率上升：洞察患病率、预防和预测因素。

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05264-1

Anuradha V Khadilkar,Karishma Bhade

引用次数: 0

Emergency Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) in a Very Severe Aplastic Anemia (VSAA) Child with Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage and Platelet Alloimmunization. 急性颅内出血和血小板异体免疫的重型再生障碍性贫血（VSAA）患儿的紧急造血干细胞移植（HSCT）。

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05262-3

Sarthak Wadhera,Aarushi Sahni,Rudra Narayan Swain,Divjot Singh Lamba,Srinivasan Peyam,Ratti Ram Sharma,Pankaj Malhotra,Alka Khadwal

引用次数: 0

Calcifications and Chorioretinitis in Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection 先天性巨细胞病毒感染引起的钙化和脉络膜视网膜炎

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05129-7

Achanya Palayullakandi, Pradeep Kumar Gunasekaran, Arushi Gahlot Saini, Sanjay Verma, Akshay Saxena, Ramandeep Singh

引用次数: 0

Management of Intraocular Retinoblastoma: ICMR Consensus Guidelines 眼内视网膜母细胞瘤的治疗：ICMR 共识指南

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05095-0

Rachna Meel, Suyash Kulkarni, Lata Singh, Girish Chinnaswamy, Venkatraman Radhakrishnan, Renu Madan, Archana Sasi, Tanvir Kaur, R. S. Dhaliwal, Sameer Bakhshi

{"title":"Management of Intraocular Retinoblastoma: ICMR Consensus Guidelines","authors":"Rachna Meel, Suyash Kulkarni, Lata Singh, Girish Chinnaswamy, Venkatraman Radhakrishnan, Renu Madan, Archana Sasi, Tanvir Kaur, R. S. Dhaliwal, Sameer Bakhshi","doi":"10.1007/s12098-024-05095-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-024-05095-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common childhood intraocular malignancy. Delayed presentation due to a lack of awareness and advanced intraocular tumors are a common scenario in low-middle income countries (LMICs). Remarkable treatment advances have been made in the past few decades allowing globe salvage in advanced intraocular RB (IORB) including systemic chemotherapy with focal consolidation and targeted treatments like intraarterial chemotherapy and intravitreal chemotherapy. However, a lack of availability and affordability limits the use of such advances in LMICs. External beam radiotherapy, despite risk of second cancers in RB with germline mutations, still remains useful for recalcitrant RB not responding to any other treatment. When choosing conservative treatment for advanced IORB, the cost and long duration of treatment, morbidity from multiple evaluation under anesthesias (EUAs), side effects of treatment and risk of treatment failure need to be taken into account and discussed with the parents. In this article, the authors discuss the ICMR consensus guidelines on the management of IORB.</p>","PeriodicalId":22491,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sleep Behaviors and the Shape of Subcortical Brain Structures in Children with Overweight/Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study 超重/肥胖儿童的睡眠行为与大脑皮层下结构的形状：横断面研究

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05094-1

Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Jairo H. Migueles, Lucia V. Torres-Lopez, Juan Verdejo-Román, David Jiménez-Pavón, Charles H. Hillman, Andrés Catena, Francisco B. Ortega

{"title":"Sleep Behaviors and the Shape of Subcortical Brain Structures in Children with Overweight/Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Jairo H. Migueles, Lucia V. Torres-Lopez, Juan Verdejo-Román, David Jiménez-Pavón, Charles H. Hillman, Andrés Catena, Francisco B. Ortega","doi":"10.1007/s12098-024-05094-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-024-05094-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>To examine the relationship between sleep and subcortical brain structures using a shape analysis approach.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A total of 98 children with overweight/obesity (10.0 ± 1.1 y, 59 boys) were included in the cross-sectional analyses. Sleep behaviors (i.e., wake time, sleep onset time, total time in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and wakening after sleep onset) were estimated with wrist-worn accelerometers. The shape of the subcortical brain structures was acquired by magnetic resonance imaging. A partial correlation permutation approach was used to examine the relationship between sleep behaviors and brain shapes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Among all the sleep variables studied, only total time in bed was significantly related to pallidum and putamen structure, such that those children who spent more time in bed had greater expansions in the right and left pallidum (211–751 voxels, all <i>p</i>’s <0.04) and right putamen (1783 voxels,<i> p</i> = 0.03).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These findings suggest that more time in bed was related to expansions on two subcortical brain regions in children with overweight/obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":22491,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electroclinical Landscape of Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome 婴幼儿癫痫痉挛综合征的电临床表现

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-05017-6

Pankaj Pal, Sandeep Negi, Jitupam Baishya, Priyanka Madaan, Arushi Gahlot Saini, Renu Suthar, Chirag Ahuja, Naveen Sankhyan, Jitendra Kumar Sahu

{"title":"Electroclinical Landscape of Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome","authors":"Pankaj Pal, Sandeep Negi, Jitupam Baishya, Priyanka Madaan, Arushi Gahlot Saini, Renu Suthar, Chirag Ahuja, Naveen Sankhyan, Jitendra Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.1007/s12098-023-05017-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-023-05017-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>To elucidate the electroclinical characteristics of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) and to determine any potential association among these with underlying etiologies and response to therapy.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Sixty-eight, treatment-naive children with IESS underwent long-term video electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, which was used to characterize the semiology, ictal, and inter-ictal EEG patterns. Children were further followed up to assess electroclinical predictors of etiologies and short-term therapeutic response.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Of 68 children enrolled (69% boys), the median age at enrollment was 10.5 mo (IQR-8). Eighty-eight percent of children had flexor spasms, followed by mixed (7%) and extensor (4.4%). Asymmetrical spasms were noted in 17.6% children, and all of them had underlying structural etiology. Two children had the status of epileptic spasms. In the present cohort, authors recognized five distinct ictal EEG correlates of epileptic spasms; the frontocentral dominant slow wave was the most prevalent (32%), followed by the generalized slow-wave complex with superimposed fast rhythm in 29.4%. The occipital dominant slow wave complex was a peculiar pattern in 16%. The major underlying etiologies were hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries (36.7%) and neonatal hypoglycemic brain injuries (22%). Besides asymmetric spasms, authors could not identify any significant association among electroclinical characteristics, underlying etiologies and response to therapy in this study.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The electroclinical landscape of IESS is peculiar and diverse in developing countries. The presence of asymmetrical spasms indicated underlying structural etiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":22491,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139666126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Procalcitonin Guided Antibiotic Stewardship in Pediatric Sepsis and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections 前降钙素原指导小儿败血症和下呼吸道感染中的抗生素管理

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04960-8

{"title":"Procalcitonin Guided Antibiotic Stewardship in Pediatric Sepsis and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s12098-023-04960-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-023-04960-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <span> <h3>Objectives</h3> <p>To determine the impact of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship protocol (PCT-ASP) in children admitted with sepsis and lower respiratory tract infection on the duration of antibiotic therapy and clinical outcome.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Methods</h3> <p>This was a single-center study involving children with infections treated with antibiotic therapy according to the PCT-ASP as the study group. The control group consisted of children with same age and diagnosis who were treated with antibiotics according to individual unit protocol before the implementation of PCT-ASP. The primary outcome was median duration of antibiotic therapy and hospital stay.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Results</h3> <p>Among 127 patients, 66 were enrolled in the study and 61 in the control group respectively. The median (IQR) PCT values at admission, day 4 and day 6 of antibiotic therapy were 5.59 (61.3), 2.57 (47.35), and 0.35 (0.47) ng/ml respectively, and showed a decreasing trend. All the children in the control group received antibiotics at admission while 12% of children in the study group were not initiated on antibiotics. In the study group, 53% of the children received antibiotics only for three days in the absence of treatment failure. The duration of antibiotics (<em>p</em> = 0.001) and hospital stay (<em>p</em> = 0.03) were less in the study group when compared to the control group.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Conclusions</h3> <p>PCT-ASP reduces the duration of antibiotics and duration of hospital stay without increasing morbidity and mortality.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":22491,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"267 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138714791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Approach to Congenital Diarrhea and Enteropathies (CODEs) 先天性腹泻和肠病（CODEs）的治疗方法

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04929-7

Teera Kijmassuwan, Fariha Balouch

{"title":"Approach to Congenital Diarrhea and Enteropathies (CODEs)","authors":"Teera Kijmassuwan, Fariha Balouch","doi":"10.1007/s12098-023-04929-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-023-04929-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Congenital diarrhea and enteropathies (CODEs) constitute a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by severe diarrhea and malabsorption in the neonatal period or early infancy. Timely diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent life-threatening complications, including dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and malnutrition. This review offers a simplified approach to the diagnosis of CODEs, with a specific focus on microvillus inclusion disease (MVID), congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE), congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD), and congenital sodium diarrhea (CSD). Patients with CODEs typically present with severe watery or occasionally bloody diarrhea, steatorrhea, dehydration, poor growth, and developmental delay. Therefore, it is crucial to thoroughly evaluate infants with diarrhea to rule out infectious, allergic, or anatomical causes before considering CODEs as the underlying etiology. Diagnostic investigations for CODEs encompass various modalities, including stool tests, blood tests, immunological studies, endoscopy and biopsies for histology and electron microscopy, and next-generation sequencing (NGS). NGS plays a pivotal role in identifying the genetic mutations responsible for CODEs. Treatment options for CODEs are limited, often relying on total parenteral nutrition for hydration and nutritional support. In severe cases, intestinal transplantation may be considered. The long-term prognosis varies among specific CODEs, with some patients experiencing ongoing intestinal failure and associated complications. In conclusion, the early recognition and accurate diagnosis of CODEs are of paramount importance for implementing appropriate management strategies. Further research and advancements in genetic testing hold promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and exploring potential targeted therapies for these rare genetic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":22491,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138715089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0