Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury最新文献

Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z 9 lipca 2020 r. II KK 182/19 / Comment on the Judgment of the Supreme Court of 9 July 2020 II KK 182/19

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/9.1.49.2023

Zygmunt Kukuła

{"title":"Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z 9 lipca 2020 r. II KK 182/19 / Comment on the Judgment of the Supreme Court of 9 July 2020 II KK 182/19","authors":"Zygmunt Kukuła","doi":"10.53024/9.1.49.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53024/9.1.49.2023","url":null,"abstract":"The criminal provision of Article 586 of the Code of Commercial Companies and Partnerships which criminalizes the offence of failure to file for bankruptcy of a commercial company, is a provision with a referral to another legal regulation. Therefore, when considering the grounds for criminal liability, it is necessary to refer to the Bankruptcy Law which defines in detail the grounds for insolvency and the deadline for filing a bankruptcy petition with the court. In view of the possible changes to the provisions of the Bankruptcy Law, wherever we examine the criminal liability of the liable person, it should be determined whether the provisions which the referral provision refers to, in this case the Bankruptcy Law, have not changed as at the date of delivering the judgment on criminal liability and at the time the alleged act was committed. In the event of changes to the Bankruptcy Law, any uncertainties as to the applicable law should be resolved guided by the conflict of law rules laid down in Article 4 of the Criminal Code. Based on the arguments presented in the article, the state of insolvency should be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Bankruptcy Law in force as at the date of the ruling as being more favourable for the perpetrator.\u0000Key words: bankruptcy, criminal law, conflict-of-law rules of criminal law, grounds for bankruptcy, provision of criminal law containing a referral to another legal regulation","PeriodicalId":224822,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124217063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stosowanie tymczasowego aresztowania wobec oskarżonych odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności w innej sprawie / Applying pre-trial detention to convicted to imprisonment in another case. 对在另一案件中服监禁刑罚的被告适用审前羁押/对在另一案件中被定罪的被告适用审前羁押。

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/3.1.49.2023

D. Sip

{"title":"Stosowanie tymczasowego aresztowania wobec oskarżonych odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności w innej sprawie / Applying pre-trial detention to convicted to imprisonment in another case.","authors":"D. Sip","doi":"10.53024/3.1.49.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53024/3.1.49.2023","url":null,"abstract":"The polish legislator made the correct application of all preventive measures conditional on the requirement to achieve the purposes from article 249 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Therefore, it is unacceptable in the current legal situation to use these measures without achieving the indicated goals. At the same time, it is normatively permissible to apply preventive measures, including pre-trial detention, to convicted who are already serving a sentence of imprisonment in another case. However, the current model of regulating this structure should lead to the formulation of a few reservations. This study expresses the author’s doubts as it is possible to apply pre-trial detention to convicts already serving a sentence of imprisonment in a case other than the ongoing preparatory proceedings. A side analysis was also carried out on the possibility of using other, except pre-trial detention, preventive measures against the convicted, as well as the possibility of using other criminal law instruments to secure the proper course of the preparatory proceedings and to prevent the convicted from committing a new, serious crime.\u0000Key words: preventive measures, pre-trial detention, convicted, purpose of applying pre-trial detention","PeriodicalId":224822,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133902285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Materiały kontroli operacyjnej w rzetelnym procesie karnym – jawne czy niejawne?Operational Control Material in a Fair Criminal Trial: Public or Classified?

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/4.1.49.2023

Michał Blajerski

{"title":"Materiały kontroli operacyjnej w rzetelnym procesie karnym – jawne czy niejawne?\u0000Operational Control Material in a Fair Criminal Trial: Public or Classified?","authors":"Michał Blajerski","doi":"10.53024/4.1.49.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53024/4.1.49.2023","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to determine whether the use of operational control materials as trial evidence, with due regard to their secrecy protected under a ‘classified’ clause, consequently results in a fair criminal trial. Reflections on this subject, also against the background of selected court decisions, have been illustrated with examples of a destructive impact of secrecy of operational control materials on the implementation of the principles of speed and openness of the criminal procedure and respect for the right to defence. At the same time, the admissible ways of solving the dilemmas arising at this level, consisting in the initiatives used by the procedural bodies aimed at removing secrecy clauses from the discussed materials, were presented in an approving light. Above all, however, in this context the author made an attempt to demonstrate that evidence based on operational control materials does not, in principle, deserve any special protection in a criminal trial and, except for a few cases, it should de lege lata be public. Finally, the theses presented in the article call into question, on the basis of the applicable legal regulations, the current practice in the field of providing operational control materials labelled as classified for the purposes of criminal proceedings.\u0000Key words: operational control, secrecy clause, confidentiality clause, secret, confidential, classified, fair trial","PeriodicalId":224822,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114228384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Odpowiedzialność karna za przetrzymywanie okazu obcego gatunku inwazyjnego stanowiącego zagrożenie dla Polski

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/8.1.49.2023

Rafał Łyżwa

引用次数: 0

Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 6 lipca 2022 r. III KK 177/22 / Gloss to the judgment of the Supreme Court of July 6, 2022 III KK 177/22

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/10.1.49.2023

C. Kłak

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Ratio legis uchylenia art. 152 ustawy z dnia 6 czerwca 1997 r. – Kodeks karny wykonawczyRatio Legis for Repealing Article 152 of the Act of 6 June 1997 – the Penal Enforcement Code

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/6.1.49.2023

Joanna Jurczyk-Wiecha

{"title":"Ratio legis uchylenia art. 152 ustawy z dnia 6 czerwca 1997 r. – Kodeks karny wykonawczy\u0000Ratio Legis for Repealing Article 152 of the Act of 6 June 1997 – the Penal Enforcement Code","authors":"Joanna Jurczyk-Wiecha","doi":"10.53024/6.1.49.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53024/6.1.49.2023","url":null,"abstract":"On 5 October 2019, Article 152 of the Act of 6 June 1997 – the Penal Enforcement Code which provided for the possibility of a conditional suspension of enforcement of the imprisonment sentence at the stage of enforcement proceedings, was repealed. The analysis of the legislative process leads to the conclusion that the repeal of the provision has no justification in the draft amendment act. The institution provided in Article 152 provided for a potential award of a very severe penalty going much further than conditional early release from the remainder of the sentence, modification of the conviction in the enforcement proceedings, leading, upon the occurrence of certain premises, to change of an unconditional custodial sentence into a custodial sentence with a conditional suspension of its enforcement. This article is an attempt to determine the purpose of the amendment, the motives behind the legislators’ decision, as well as to assess the changes.\u0000Key words: enforcement proceedings, conditional suspension of a sentence, sentence enforcement postponement, enforcement proceedings suspension, electronic tagging","PeriodicalId":224822,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125904063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ustalanie tożsamości polskich użytkowników zagranicznych mediów społecznościowych – studium przypadków ścigania mowy nienawiści w cyberprzestrzeniDetermining the identity of social media users in Poland: prosecuting hate speech in cyberspace – a case study

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/5.1.49.2023

Piotr Lewulis

{"title":"Ustalanie tożsamości polskich użytkowników zagranicznych mediów społecznościowych – studium przypadków ścigania mowy nienawiści w cyberprzestrzeni\u0000Determining the identity of social media users in Poland: prosecuting hate speech in cyberspace – a case study","authors":"Piotr Lewulis","doi":"10.53024/5.1.49.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53024/5.1.49.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Some cybercrimes are relatively easy to prosecute, while others are almost impossible. This often depends on the perpetrator’s modus operandi. When it comes to hate speech or other prohibited content posted on social networking sites, the effectiveness of basic investigative activities relying on data provided by the site administrator is limited. This article presents the results of a qualitative analysis of selected cases of legally concluded criminal proceedings concerning crossing the limits of freedom of expression on the Internet, where prosecution was successful and the real perpetrator was identified and brought to justice. In the analyzed cases, all perpetrators who posted on websites run by Polish entities were identified effectively, due to the cooperation between law enforcement authorities, website administrators, and telecommunications entities. On the other hand, the perpetrators of hate speech on foreign social networking sites (e.g. Facebook) were identified with basic Open-Source Intelligence techniques analysis, based on data publicly available in the perpetrators’ profiles (such as names and surnames, workplaces, and details of family and friends). This article provides descriptions of the facts and the course of proceedings in the analyzed cases, illustrating various variants of how the identity of the perpetrator through the analysis of publicly available data may be established.\u0000Key words: social media, hate speech, cybercrime, OSINT","PeriodicalId":224822,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115440181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zasadnicze powody rozstrzygnięcia w polskiej procedurze cywilnej / Summary Reasons for Judgment in the Polish Civil Procedure Zasadnicze powody rozstrzygnięcia w polskiej proceze cywilnej /波兰民事诉讼中判决的简易理由

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/1.1.49.2023

J. Tomczak

{"title":"Zasadnicze powody rozstrzygnięcia w polskiej procedurze cywilnej / Summary Reasons for Judgment in the Polish Civil Procedure","authors":"J. Tomczak","doi":"10.53024/1.1.49.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53024/1.1.49.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Providing the reasons for judgments is a highly important part of the court’s judicial practice. Two distinct ways of providing the rationale for judgment by a judge can be distinguished in the Polish civil procedure, namely a statement of reasons for judgment and providing explanation of the underlying rationale for the judgement (which is often referred to as ‘verbal summary reasons for judgment’). This latter form has been significantly modified by the amendment of the Polish Code of Civil Procedure, which came into effect on 7 November 2019. Under this amendment, the rule that a written statement of reasons for judgment delivered at closed court hearings is to be provided was modified and the written statement of reasons have been replaced with writtensummary reasons for judgment. It resulted in a growing importance of this form of judicial rationale for the judgment.\u0000This article describes the current status of the summary reasons for judgmentin the Polish civil procedure. The author describes their specific features that distinguish summary reasons for judgmentfrom the statement of reasons for judgment and attempts to set down the requirementswhich they have to meet under the current law.","PeriodicalId":224822,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury","volume":"20 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132242615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dogmatyczny kształt środków karnych wobec nowelizacji Kodeksu karnego z 1997 r. The Dogmatic Shape of Punitive Measures in View of Amendments to 1997 Criminal Code

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.53024/2.1.49.2023

Anna Lempart

{"title":"Dogmatyczny kształt środków karnych wobec nowelizacji Kodeksu karnego z 1997 r. \u0000The Dogmatic Shape of Punitive Measures in View of Amendments to 1997 Criminal Code","authors":"Anna Lempart","doi":"10.53024/2.1.49.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53024/2.1.49.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the concept of the authors of the Criminal Code 1997, punitive measures were created as an instrument of a rational repression for the crime committed. The dogmatic structure of punitive measures not only perfectly fits the axiology of the Criminal Code, but also corresponds to the needs of modern criminal law. The legal status of punitive measures is based on expanded legal grounds for discretionary powers of courts in applying and creating a variety of punitive measures. Numerous amendments to the Penal Code, especially during the years 2015 to 2022, led to a depreciation of the legal status of punitive measures by introducing an obligatory application of punitive measures, extending their duration as well as creating too wide a scope of application or unnecessarily developing new punitive measures. Having regard to the nature and extent of these changes, it can be concluded that they are the results of penal populism and are unconstitutional.\u0000Key words: punitive measures, legal status of punitive measures, expanded legal grounds, discretionary powers, obligatory application, repression","PeriodicalId":224822,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124038273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Związek przyczynowy w anglo-walijskiej odpowiedzialności deliktowej za szkody na osobie

Kwartalnik Krajowej Szkoły Sądownictwa i Prokuratury Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.53024/2.4.48.2022

引用次数: 0