Yangyang Chen, E. Ofosu, M. Veeraraghavan, L. Zolotoy
{"title":"Does CEO Overconfidence Affect Workplace Safety?","authors":"Yangyang Chen, E. Ofosu, M. Veeraraghavan, L. Zolotoy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3928280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3928280","url":null,"abstract":"We study the impact of CEO overconfidence on workplace safety. We provide robust evidence of a positive relation between CEO overconfidence and workplace injury rates, implying that CEO overconfidence impairs workplace safety. In cross-sectional analysis, we find that the documented effect is amplified among firms with greater concentration of decision rights in headquarters and high employee turnover, while is mitigated among firms with stronger labor union presence, high institutional ownership, and CEOs who are close to retirement age. Supplemental analysis points to poor corporate safety culture and increased employee workload as the mechanisms behind the documented relation.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133342936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainability in the Web 3.0: How to Assess ESG Characteristics on Smart-Contract Blockchain Ecosystems","authors":"D. Liebau","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3929939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3929939","url":null,"abstract":"The object of study in current Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) research is often the firm or its management. Of particular interest is also the link between ESG and its impact on financial market performance. I extend existing literature introducing concepts to measure ESG issues for smart-contract blockchains and their ecosystems. Legally, such platforms are often foundations, not for-profit companies. Rather than company management’s decisions and the analysis of related risks, three novel elements emerge: technology, mechanism design and community, take centre-stage in the decentralized context. I propose one environmental metric (Consensus Algorithm), a social metric (Gini coefficient) and one governance metric (Validator risk index) to start the discourse around assessment of ESG issues on smart contract blockchains and their ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128811339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants and Consequences of Sustainability Narrative and Graphical Disclosures","authors":"Jie Hao, Z. Rezaee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3927388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3927388","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the determinants and consequences of both narrative and graphical presentations of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) sustainability disclosures. Drawing on a sample of hand-collated data of top 200 firms from the US and Europe from 2016-2018, we find that: (1) EU firms under the mandatory ESG disclosure regime disclose better quality and quantity of ESG graphical and narrative presentations than US firms under the voluntary disclosure regime; and (2) firms with low ESG sustainability narratives and graphs quality and quantity exhibit lower financial performance (ROA), lower long-term market performance, and lower financial reporting quality than those with high quality and quantity of ESG narrative and graphical disclosures. Our results are robust after performing additional analyses in addressing potential endogeneity concerns. Overall, our findings provide policy, practice, and research implications as they highlight the importance of more uniform and rigorous ESG graphical and narrative sustainability disclosures.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126007279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Institutional Disruptions and the Philanthropy of Multinational Firms","authors":"Luis Ballesteros, C. Magelssen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3849374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3849374","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies philanthropy by multinational enterprises (MNEs) during institutional disruptions—the sudden and unexpected, temporary, and systemic breakdowns in market-oriented institutions. The central argument is that, under institutional disruptions, MNEs aim to restore factors that are essential for the market to function, such as infrastructure and labor markets, and the strength of the market restoration motive is positively associated with the economic importance of the affected country to the MNE. Analyses of donations from 2,000 MNEs headquartered in 63 countries in the aftermath of 265 major epidemics, natural disasters, and terrorist attacks affecting 129 countries suggest that the economic importance of the country to the firm strongly explains donations. Country market concentration, public aid, and the country’s regulatory quality moderate this effect. These associations are robust to a matching method; a vector of firm-, country-, and event-specific time-varying and -constant variables; and alternative motives, such as reputation, altruism, media salience, market standing, and poverty-gap avoidance. They offer evidence that company philanthropy in the aftermath of institutional disruptions may deviate from predicted behavior under stable conditions. Particularly, the findings contest the expectation that philanthropy rises in market competition. Monopolistic firms are comparatively large donors and may act as an economic stop-loss mechanism during large disruptions.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121762627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Board composition and corporate social responsibility: Uncovering the effects of co-opted directors","authors":"Ali I. El Saleh, Doureige J. Jurdi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3925901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3925901","url":null,"abstract":"PurposePrior research shows that co-opted directors adversely impact many corporate outcomes, yet little is known about these directors' impact on CSR performance. The authors investigate whether and how co-opted boards affect the firm's CSR score and component CSR scores.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use panel regression models to investigate this study's research questions and address endogeneity concerns using the system generalized method of moments (system GMM) and a quasi-natural experiment.FindingsThe authors report new evidence showing that co-opted boards negatively impact CSR performance based on the CSR score. Results identify board characteristics that accentuate or moderate the effect of co-option on the CSR score and show that board independence, the presence of women on the board, and CEO duality positively and significantly impact the CSR score. These findings are robust across alternative measures of co-option and in the results of models addressing endogeneity concerns. An extended analysis utilizing CSR component scores reveals a significant negative impact of co-option on the environment component score using various measures of co-option and on employee relations, product quality, and human rights component scores using selected measures of co-option.Practical implicationsFindings have implications for board structuring and composition for firms aiming at improving their CSR score.Originality/valueThe study provides new evidence on the impact of co-opted boards on CSR performance. The results help inform stakeholders such as policymakers, executives and directors, shareholders, and capital market participants on how board composition affects socially responsible activities and performance and identify CSR component areas that require attention.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130579049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaker Ahmed, Mikko Ranta, Emilia Vähämaa, Sami Vähämaa
{"title":"Facial Attractiveness and CEO Compensation: Evidence from the Banking Industry","authors":"Shaker Ahmed, Mikko Ranta, Emilia Vähämaa, Sami Vähämaa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3744808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3744808","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effect of facial attractiveness on the compensation of bank Chief Executive Officers (CEOs). Consistent with the so-called beauty premium hypothesis, we document that good looks pay off for bank CEOs. Specifically, by utilizing machine learning to assess the facial appearance of the CEOs of large U.S. banks, we find that CEO facial attractiveness is positively associated with the annual total compensation and pay-performance sensitivity while being largely unrelated to the annual base salary. The total compensation of above-average looking bank CEOs is almost 17 percent higher than the compensation of CEOs with below-average looks after controlling for various CEO-specific and bank-specific attributes that are known to affect executive compensation. Overall, our empirical findings provide strong evidence for the existence of a beauty premium in the executive labor market.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121249193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate Transition Risk Metrics: Understanding Convergence and Divergence across Firms and Providers.","authors":"J. Bingler, Chiara Colesanti Senni, P. Monnin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3923330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3923330","url":null,"abstract":"Climate risks are now fully recognized as financial risks by asset managers, investors, central banks, and financial supervisors. Against this background, a rapidly growing number of market participants and financial authorities are exploring which metrics to use to capture climate risks, as well as to what extent the use of different metrics delivers heterogeneous results. To shed a light on these questions, we analyse a sample of 69 transition risk metrics delivered by 9 different climate transition risk providers and covering the 1,500 firms of the MSCI World index. Our findings show that convergence between metrics is significantly higher for the firms most exposed to transition risk. We also show that metrics with similar scenarios (i.e. horizon, temperature target and transition paths) tend to deliver more coherent risk assessments. Turning to the variables that might drive the outcome of the risk assessment, we find evidence that variables on metric’s assumptions and scenario’s characteristics are associated with changes in the estimated firms’ transition risk. Our findings bear important implications for policy making and research. First, climate transition risk metrics, if applied by the majority of financial market participants in their risk assessment, might translate into relatively coherent market pricing signals for least and most exposed firms. Second, it would help the correct interpretation of metrics in financial markets if supervisory authorities defined a joint baseline approach to ensure basic comparability of disclosed metrics, and asked for detailed assumption documentations alongside the metrics. Third, researchers should start to justify the use of the specific climate risk metrics and interpret their findings in the light of the metric assumptions.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114302166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The COVID-19 Pandemic Highlighted the Need for Mandated ESG Disclosures: Now What?","authors":"N. Mack","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3921878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3921878","url":null,"abstract":"This is not simply your run-of-the-mill COVID-19 article. No, instead, this article highlights a salient point that has been right in front of our eyes this whole time and COVID-19 simply took our blinders off. ESG—short for environmental, social, and governance—is gaining significant momentum both at the firm level and in investment strategy, yet the SEC is trailing behind in ensuring the market is adequately informed of firms’ ESG information. The COVID-19 pandemic initially threw the market into a downward spiral, but most ESG funds outperformed the market in the midst of financial downturn. Why is that and where do we go from here?","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129552890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Belt and Road Initiative and Chinese Cross-border Mergers & Acquisitions","authors":"Chi Zhang, Ivan T. Kandilov, Mark D. Walker","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3640890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3640890","url":null,"abstract":"The Belt and Road Initiative was introduced to further economic connections with partner countries and foster development within China. We examine the effect of the Initiative on Chinese cross-border M&As. We find that the Initiative significantly increases the probability and the transaction amount of M&A deals in target countries. Moreover, the market reacts more positively to these deals. We find that the effect is entirely driven by state-owned enterprises during our sample period and it is more pronounced in firms that are located on the more-developed eastern coast of China. The evidence suggests that the announcement of the Belt and Road Initiative was followed by economically meaningful cross-border M&A in targeted countries.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"1206 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120942220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Paid Family Leave and Corporate Innovation","authors":"Hyuksoon Lim","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3919309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3919309","url":null,"abstract":"I investigate the effect of labor market frictions for female employees on corporate innovation. Following the implementation of state-level paid family leave acts, which exogenously increase female talent allocation by facilitating labor market participation of female inventors, firms headquartered in affected states show significant increases in their innovation relative to unaffected firms. This effect is stronger for firms in innovative industries, for firms with a skilled workforce, for firms in industries with lower labor mobility, for firms in less competitive local labor markets, and for firms with lower female employment. Overall, my results imply that labor market frictions for working mothers inhibit corporate innovation.","PeriodicalId":224709,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Finance: Governance","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125155993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}