Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.)最新文献_第2页

Evolutionary perspectives on human aggression: introduction to the special issue. 人类攻击的进化观点:特刊导论。

IF 2.5

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.) Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-012-9133-0

Elizabeth Cashdan, Stephen M Downes

{"title":"Evolutionary perspectives on human aggression: introduction to the special issue.","authors":"Elizabeth Cashdan, Stephen M Downes","doi":"10.1007/s12110-012-9133-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-012-9133-0","url":null,"abstract":"The papers in this volume present varying approaches to human aggression, each from an evolutionary perspective. The evolutionary studies of aggression collected here all pursue aspects of patterns of response to environmental circumstances and consider explicitly how those circumstances shape the costs and benefits of behaving aggressively. All the authors understand various aspects of aggression as evolved adaptations but none believe that this implies we are doomed to continued violence, but rather that variation in aggression has evolutionary roots. These papers reveal several similarities between human and nonhuman aggression, including our response to physical strength as an indicator of fighting ability, testosterone response to competition, a sensitivity to paternity, and baseline features of intergroup aggression in foragers and chimps. There is also one paper tackling the phylogeny of these traits. The many differences between human and nonhuman aggression are also pursued here. Topics here include the impact of modern weapons and extremes of wealth and power on both the costs and benefits of fighting, and the scale to which coercion can promote aggression that acts against a fighter's own interests. Also the implications of large-scale human sociality are discussed.","PeriodicalId":224401,"journal":{"name":"Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.)","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12110-012-9133-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40159240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Hormonal mechanisms for regulation of aggression in human coalitions. 人类联盟中攻击性调节的激素机制。

IF 2.5

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.) Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-012-9135-y

Mark V Flinn, Davide Ponzi, Michael P Muehlenbein

{"title":"Hormonal mechanisms for regulation of aggression in human coalitions.","authors":"Mark V Flinn, Davide Ponzi, Michael P Muehlenbein","doi":"10.1007/s12110-012-9135-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-012-9135-y","url":null,"abstract":"Coalitions and alliances are core aspects of human behavior. All societies recognize alliances among communities, usually based in part on kinship and marriage. Aggression between groups is ubiquitous, often deadly, fueled by revenge, and can have devastating effects on general human welfare. Given its significance, it is surprising how little we know about the neurobiological and hormonal mechanisms that underpin human coalitionary behavior. Here we first briefly review a model of human coalitionary behavior based on a process of runaway social selection. We then present several exploratory analyses of neuroendocrine responses to coalitionary social events in a rural Dominican community, with the objective of understanding differences between in-group and out-group competition in adult and adolescent males. Our analyses indicate: (1) adult and adolescent males do not elevate testosterone when they defeat their friends, but they do elevate testosterone when they defeat outsiders; (2) pre-competition testosterone and cortisol levels are negatively associated with strength of coalitionary ties; and (3) adult males usually elevate testosterone when interacting with adult women who are potential mates, but in a striking reversal, they have lower testosterone if the woman is a conjugal partner of a close friend. These naturalistic studies hint that reciprocity, dampening of aggression, and competition among friends and allies may be biologically embedded in unique ways among humans.","PeriodicalId":224401,"journal":{"name":"Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.)","volume":" ","pages":"68-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12110-012-9135-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40162499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 96

Life history theory and human reproductive behavior : Environmental/contextual influences and heritable variation. 生活史理论和人类生殖行为:环境/背景影响和遗传变异。

IF 2.5

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.) Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02913038

K MacDonald

引用次数: 83

Attachment, mating, and parenting : An evolutionary interpretation. 依恋、交配和养育:一种进化的解释。

IF 2.5

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.) Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02913039

J Belsky

引用次数: 167

Birth order, sibship size, and status in modern Canada. 出生顺序，兄弟姐妹的大小和地位在现代加拿大。

IF 2.5

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.) Pub Date : 1997-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02912492

J N Davis

{"title":"Birth order, sibship size, and status in modern Canada.","authors":"J N Davis","doi":"10.1007/BF02912492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02912492","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the possibility that birth order affects the degree to which individuals attain higher status. Humans give birth to a variable number of (usually) single offspring spaced one to many years apart, and continue to maintain contact with them for extended periods of time. The continued presence of older siblings, and arrival of younger ones, means that each child is reared in a different family environment. Research findings from the field of behavior genetics suggest that these differences have a significant impact on the development of individual differences between children in the same family. Although no two families are likely to be exactly the same, factors such as birth order remain constant across them, and may have similar influences. The present study examines the relationships between birth order, sibship size, and several variables thought to index future status attainment (status striving) in a random sample of Canadians. Firstborn children appear to be more status oriented than lastborns, and this effect is mediated by sibship size. While firstborn children are unaffected by the number of younger siblings they have, the status ambitions of youngest children decrease the more older siblings they have. Birth order effects on status attainment are not as strong as they are on status ambitions. ","PeriodicalId":224401,"journal":{"name":"Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.)","volume":" ","pages":"205-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02912492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34305239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 46

Differential use of sensory information in sexual behavior as a function of gender. 不同性别在性行为中对感觉信息的不同使用

IF 2.5

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.) Pub Date : 1997-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02912495

R S Herz, E D Cahill

{"title":"Differential use of sensory information in sexual behavior as a function of gender.","authors":"R S Herz, E D Cahill","doi":"10.1007/BF02912495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02912495","url":null,"abstract":"Olfactory information is critical to mammalian sexual behavior. Based on parental investment theory the relative importance of olfaction compared with vision, touch, and hearing should be different for human males and females. In particular, because of its link to immunological profile and offspring viability, odor should be a more important determinant of sexual choice and arousal for females than for males. To test this hypothesis a questionnaire was developed and administered to 332 adults (166 males, 166 females). Subjects used a 1-7 scale to indicate how much they agreed with a series of statements concerning the importance of olfactory, visual, auditory, and tactile information for their sexual responsivity. The data reveal that males rated visual and olfactory information as being equally important for selecting a lover, while females considered olfactory information to be the single most important variable in mate choice. Additionally, when considering sexual activity, females singled out body odor from all other sensory experiences as most able to negatively affect desire, while males regarded odors as much more neutral stimuli for sexual arousal. The present results support recent findings in mice and humans concerning the relation of female preferences in body odor and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) compatibility and can be explained by an evolutionary analysis of sex differences in reproductive strategies. This work represents the first direct examination of the role of different forms of sensory information in human sexual behavior. ","PeriodicalId":224401,"journal":{"name":"Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.)","volume":" ","pages":"275-86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02912495","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34305242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 133

Human conversational behavior. 人类的对话行为。

IF 2.5

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.) Pub Date : 1997-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02912493

R I Dunbar, A Marriott, N D Duncan

引用次数: 296

Experiment and illusion in reproductive medicine. 生殖医学中的实验与幻觉。

IF 2.5

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.y.) Pub Date : 1994-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02692190

J Guillemin

引用次数: 5

Mother-infant bonding : A scientific fiction. 母子关系:科幻小说。