The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series最新文献

{"title":"β Cephei Pulsators in Eclipsing Binaries Observed with TESS","authors":"Christian I. Eze and Gerald Handler","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad39c5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad39c5","url":null,"abstract":"The combined strength of asteroseismology and empirical stellar basic parameter determinations for in-depth asteroseismic analysis of massive pulsators in eclipsing binaries shows great potential for treating the challenging and mysterious discrepancies between observations and models of stellar structure and the evolution of massive stars. This paper compiles a comprehensive list of massive pulsators in eclipsing binary systems observed with TESS. The TESS light curves and discrete Fourier transforms of a sample of 8055 stars of spectral type B0–B3 were examined for eclipses and stellar pulsations, and the ephemerides of the resulting subsample of massive pulsators in eclipsing binaries were computed. This subsample was also crossmatched with existing catalogs of massive pulsators. Until now, fewer than 30 β Cephei pulsators in eclipsing binaries have been reported in the literature. Here we announce a total of 78 pulsators of the β Cephei type in eclipsing binaries, 59 of which are new discoveries. Forty-three are recognized as definite, and 35 are candidate pulsators. Our sample of pulsating massive stars in eclipsing binaries allows for future asteroseismic modeling to better understand the internal mixing profile and to resolve the mass discrepancy in massive stars. We have already started follow-up work on some of the most interesting candidates.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a 90–600 MHz Meter-wave Solar Radio Spectrometer","authors":"ShuWang Chang, Bing Wang, Guang Lu, YuPeng Shen, Yu Bai, ZiQian Shang, Lei Zhang, Zhao Wu, YanRui Su, Yao Chen, FaBao Yan","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad3de7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad3de7","url":null,"abstract":"Radio observation is important for understanding coronal mass ejections (CMEs), coronal shock waves, and high-energy electron acceleration. Here, we developed a new Chashan broadband solar radio spectrometer at a meter wavelength for observing the (super)fine structure of the solar radio burst spectrum. In the signal-receiving unit, we adopt an antenna system consisting of a 12 m large-aperture parabolic reflector and dual-line polarized logarithmic periodic feed source, as well as a high-precision Sun-tracking turntable system, all of which ensure the high-precision acquisition of solar radiation signals. For the digital receiver, we use a high-speed analog-to-digital converter with a sampling rate of 1.25 GSPS to directly sample the signal amplified and filtered by the analog receiver, simplifying the structure of the analog receiver, and design a 16k-point fast Fourier transform algorithm in the field programmable gate array to perform time–frequency transformation on the sampled signals. The default frequency and temporal resolution of the system are 76.294 kHz and 0.839 ms (up to 0.21 ms), respectively. The noise coefficient of the system is less than 1 dB, the dynamic range is more than 60 dB, and the sensitivity is as high as 1 sfu. We have observed a large number of radio bursts, including type I radio storms, hundreds of type III, ∼20 type II, and ∼15 type IV bursts in the past year. These high-quality data are useful in the further study of CMEs and associated particle acceleration and the origins of solar radio bursts.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Blueprint for the Milky Way’s Stellar Populations. V. 3D Local Dust Extinction","authors":"Deokkeun An, Timothy C. Beers, Anirudh Chiti","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad3641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad3641","url":null,"abstract":"Using a grid of empirically calibrated synthetic spectra developed in our previous study, we construct an all-sky 3D extinction map from the large collection of low-resolution XP spectra in Gaia DR3. Along each line of sight, with an area ranging from 0.2 to 13.4 deg², we determine both the reddening and metallicity of main-sequence stars and model the foreground extinction up to approximately 3 kpc from the Sun. Furthermore, we explore variations in the total-to-selective extinction ratio in our parameter search and identify its mean systematic change across diverse cloud environments in both hemispheres. In regions outside the densest parts of the clouds, our reddening estimates are validated through comparisons with previous reddening maps. However, a notable discrepancy arises in comparison to other independent work based on XP spectra, which can be attributed to systematic offsets in their metallicity estimates. On the other hand, our metallicity scale exhibits reasonable agreement with the high-resolution spectroscopic abundance scale. We also assess the accuracy of the XP spectra by applying our calibrated models, and we confirm an increasing trend of flux overestimation at shorter wavelengths below 400 nm.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Deep Redshift Survey of the Perseus Cluster (A426): Spatial Distribution and Kinematics of Galaxies","authors":"Wooseok Kang, Ho Seong Hwang, Hyunmi Song, Changbom Park, Narae Hwang and Byeong-Gon Park","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad390d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad390d","url":null,"abstract":"We study the global kinematics of the Perseus galaxy cluster (A426) at redshift z = 0.017 using a large sample of galaxies from our new MMT/Hectospec spectroscopic observation for this cluster. The sample includes 1447 galaxies with measured redshifts within 60′ from the cluster center (1148 from this MMT/Hectospec program and 299 from the literature). The resulting spectroscopic completeness is 67% at r-band apparent magnitude rPetro,0 ≤ 18.0 within 60′ from the cluster center. To identify cluster member galaxies in this sample, we develop a new open-source Python package, CausticSNUpy. This code implements the algorithm of the caustic technique and yields 418 member galaxies within 60′ of the cluster. We study the cluster using this sample of member galaxies. The cluster shows no significant signal of global rotation. A statistical test shows that the cluster does not have a noticeable substructure within 30′. We find two central regions where the X-ray-emitting intracluster medium and galaxies show significant velocity differences (>7σ). On a large scale, however, the overall morphology and kinematics between the intracluster medium and galaxies agree well. Our results suggest that the Perseus cluster is a relaxed system and has not experienced a recent merger.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TREASUREHUNT: Transients and Variability Discovered with HST in the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-domain Field","authors":"Rosalia O’Brien, Rolf A. Jansen, Norman A. Grogin, Seth H. Cohen, Brent M. Smith, Ross M. Silver, W. P. Maksym, Rogier A. Windhorst, Timothy Carleton, Anton M. Koekemoer, Nimish P. Hathi, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Brenda L. Frye, M. Alpaslan, M. L. N. Ashby, T. A. Ashcraft, S. Bonoli, W. Brisken, N. Cappelluti, F. Civano, C. J. Conselice, V. S. Dhillon, S. P. Driver, K. J. Duncan, R. Dupke, M. Elvis, G. G. Fazio, S. L. Finkelstein, H. B. Gim, A. Griffiths, H. B. Hammel, M. Hyun, M. Im, V. R. Jones, D. Kim, B. Ladjelate, R. L. Larson, S. Malhotra, M. A. Marshall, S. N. Milam, J. D. R. Pierel, J. E. Rhoads, S. A. Rodney, H. J. A. Röttgering, M. J. Rutkowski, R. E. Ryan, M. J. Ward, C. W. White, R. J. van Weeren, X. Zhao, J. Summers, J. C. J. D’Silva, R. Ortiz, A. S. G. Robotham, D. Coe, M. Nonino, N. Pirzkal, H. Yan, T. Acharya","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad3948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad3948","url":null,"abstract":"The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) Time-domain Field (TDF) is a &gt;14′ diameter field optimized for multiwavelength time-domain science with JWST. It has been observed across the electromagnetic spectrum both from the ground and from space, including with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). As part of HST observations over three cycles (the “TREASUREHUNT” program), deep images were obtained with the Wide Field Camera on the Advanced Camera for Surveys in F435W and F606W that cover almost the entire JWST NEP TDF. Many of the individual pointings of these programs partially overlap, allowing an initial assessment of the potential of this field for time-domain science with HST and JWST. The cumulative area of overlapping pointings is ∼88 arcmin², with time intervals between individual epochs that range between 1 day and 4+ yr. To a depth of <italic toggle=\"yes\">m</italic>\u0000_AB ≃ 29.5 mag (F606W), we present the discovery of 12 transients and 190 variable candidates. For the variable candidates, we demonstrate that Gaussian statistics are applicable and estimate that ∼80 are false positives. The majority of the transients will be supernovae, although at least two are likely quasars. Most variable candidates are active galactic nuclei (AGNs), where we find 0.42% of the general <italic toggle=\"yes\">z</italic> ≲ 6 field galaxy population to vary at the ∼3<italic toggle=\"yes\">σ</italic> level. Based on a 5 yr time frame, this translates into a random supernova areal density of up to ∼0.07 transients arcmin⁻² (∼245 deg⁻²) per epoch and a variable AGN areal density of ∼1.25 variables arcmin⁻² (∼4500 deg⁻²) to these depths.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAMEL. II. A 3D Coronal Mass Ejection Catalog Based on Coronal Mass Ejection Automatic Detection with Deep Learning","authors":"Jiahui Shan, Huapeng Zhang, Lei Lu, Yan Zhang, Li Feng, Yunyi Ge, Jianchao Xue, Shuting Li","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad37bc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad37bc","url":null,"abstract":"Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are major drivers of geomagnetic storms, which may cause severe space weather effects. Automating the detection, tracking, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CMEs is important for operational predictions of CME arrivals. The COR1 coronagraphs on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory spacecraft have facilitated extensive polarization observations, which are very suitable for the establishment of a 3D CME system. We have developed such a 3D system comprising four modules: classification, segmentation, tracking, and 3D reconstructions. We generalize our previously pretrained classification model to classify COR1 coronagraph images. Subsequently, as there are no publicly available CME segmentation data sets, we manually annotate the structural regions of CMEs using Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph C2 observations. Leveraging transformer-based models, we achieve state-of-the-art results in CME segmentation. Furthermore, we improve the tracking algorithm to solve the difficult separation task of multiple CMEs. In the final module, tracking results, combined with the polarization ratio technique, are used to develop the first single-view 3D CME catalog without requiring manual mask annotation. Our method provides higher precision in automatic 2D CME catalog and more reliable physical parameters of CMEs, including 3D propagation direction and speed. The aforementioned 3D CME system can be applied to any coronagraph data with the capability of polarization measurements.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate Infrared Line Lists for 20 Isotopologues of CS2 at Room Temperature","authors":"Xinchuan Huang, Iouli E. Gordon, Sergey A. Tashkun, David W. Schwenke, Timothy J. Lee","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad3809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad3809","url":null,"abstract":"To facilitate atmospheric and spectroscopic studies of carbon disulfide, or CS₂, in both planetary and exoplanetary atmospheres, we adopt the “Best Theory + Reliable High-resolution Experiment” algorithm to generate semiempirical IR line lists for the 20 most abundant CS₂ isotopologues, denoted as Ames-296K. The IR lists are computed using the Ames-1 potential energy surface, refined using the experimental transition set and an ab initio dipole moment surface fitted from CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV(T/Q/5+d)Z dipoles extrapolated to a one-particle basis set limit. The IR lists cover the range of 0–10,000 cm⁻¹, with an <italic toggle=\"yes\">S</italic>\u0000_296K cutoff at 10⁻³¹ cm⁻¹/molecule·cm⁻² (abundance included). A “natural” IR line list at 296 K includes about 10 million lines of the 20 isotopologues, with their intensities scaled by the corresponding abundances. The zero-point energy, partition functions, and abundances are reported for each isotopologue. The energy levels in the global effective Hamiltonian model for ¹²C³²S₂ are adopted to improve the line position accuracy. This new IR list for the main isotopologue is denoted as A+I.296K. Reliable HITRAN2020 line positions are also utilized to improve the accuracy of the ³²S¹²C³⁴S, ³²S¹²C³³S, and ³²S¹³C³²S isotopologue line lists. The final composite line list is validated against Pacific Northwest National Laboratory experimental cross sections, showing excellent agreement. The agreement supports the quality of the composite line list and the power of synergy between experiment and theory. The new data are proposed for use in updating and expanding the CS₂ data in HITRAN and other high-resolution IR databases. Supplementary files are available in Zenodo and AHED.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrared Properties of Carbon Stars in Our Galaxy","authors":"Kyung-Won Suh","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad38b5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad38b5","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the characteristics of carbon stars within our Galaxy through a comprehensive analysis of observational data spanning visual and infrared (IR) bands. Leveraging data sets from IRAS, the Infrared Space Observatory, Akari, the Midcourse Space Experiment, the Two Micron All Sky Survey, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), Gaia DR3, AAVSO, and the SIMBAD object database, we conduct a detailed comparison between the observational data and theoretical models. To facilitate this comparison, we introduce various IR two-color diagrams (2CDs), IR color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs), and spectral energy distributions (SEDs). We find that the CMDs, which utilize the latest distance and extinction data from Gaia DR3 for a substantial number of carbon stars, are very useful for distinguishing carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch (CAGB) stars from extrinsic carbon stars that are not in the AGB phase. To enhance the accuracy of our analysis, we employ theoretical radiative transfer models for dust shells around CAGB stars. These theoretical dust shell models demonstrate a commendable ability to approximate the observations of CAGB stars across various SEDs, 2CDs, and CMDs. We present the infrared properties of known pulsating variables and explore the infrared variability of the sample stars by analyzing WISE photometric data spanning the last 14 years. Additionally, we present a novel catalog of CAGB stars, offering enhanced reliability and a wealth of additional information.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presupernova Evolution and Explosive Nucleosynthesis of Rotating Massive Stars. II. The Supersolar Models at [Fe/H] = 0.3","authors":"Lorenzo Roberti, Marco Limongi and Alessandro Chieffi","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad391d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad391d","url":null,"abstract":"We present an extension of the set of models published in Limongi & Chieffi (2018) at metallicity 2 times solar, i.e., [Fe/H] = 0.3. The key physical properties of these models at the onset of core collapse are mainly due to the higher mass loss triggered by the higher metallicity: the supersolar metallicity (SSM) models reach core collapse with smaller He- and CO-core masses, while the amount of 12C left by the central He burning is higher. These results are valid for all the rotation velocities. The yields of the neutron-capture nuclei expressed per unit mass of oxygen (i.e., the X/O) are higher in the SSM models than in the SM ones in the nonrotating case, while the opposite occurs in the rotating models. The trend shown by the nonrotating models is the expected one, given the secondary nature of the neutron-capture nucleosynthesis. Vice versa, the counterintuitive trend obtained in the rotating models is the consequence of the higher mass loss present in the SSM models, removes the H-rich envelope faster than in the SM models while the stars are still in central He burning, dumping out the entanglement (activated by the rotation instabilities) and therefore conspicuous primary neutron-capture nucleosynthesis.","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140888087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: “IceCat-1: The IceCube Event Catalog of Alert Tracks” (2023, ApJS, 269, 25)","authors":"R. Abbasi, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, S. Agarwalla, J. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, J. Alameddine, N. M. Amin, K. Andeen, G. Anton, C. Argüelles, Y. Ashida, S. Athanasiadou, S. Axani, X. Bai, A. Balagopal V., M. Baricevic, S. Barwick, V. Basu, R. Bay, J. Beatty, K. Becker, J. Becker Tjus, J. Beise, C. Bellenghi, S. BenZvi, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, E. Blaufuss, S. Blot, F. Bontempo, J. Book, C. Boscolo Meneguolo, S. Böser, O. Botner, J. Böttcher, E. Bourbeau, J. Braun, B. Brinson, J. Brostean-Kaiser, R. Burley, R. Busse, D. Butterfield, M. Campana, K. Carloni, E. Carnie-Bronca, S. Chattopadhyay, N. Chau, C. Chen, Z. Chen, D. Chirkin, S. Choi, B. Clark, L. Classen, A. Coleman, G. Collin, A. Connolly, J. Conrad, P. Coppin, P. Correa, S. Countryman, D. Cowen, P. Dave, C. De Clercq, J. DeLaunay, D. Delgado, H. Dembinski, S. Deng, K. Deoskar, A. Desai, P. Desiati, K. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, T. DeYoung, A. Diaz, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, M. Dittmer, A. Domi, H. Dujmovic, M. DuVernois, T. Ehrhardt","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/ad41c2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad41c2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22368,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141047870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}