Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan最新文献

{"title":"Kajian Kelayakan Sumber Air Tanah UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya dalam Rangka Menuju Eco Campus","authors":"Ninik Fadhillah, M. Ma’arif, Hanik Faizah, Latifatoel Chilmi","doi":"10.29080/alard.v5i1.475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/alard.v5i1.475","url":null,"abstract":"UIN Sunan Ampel requirements of water are fulfilled from groundwater sources. The groundwater sources of UIN Sunan Ampel are from wells where the water is taken with a water pump. The main problem related to the use of groundwater as a fulfillment of water needs is the decline of its quality. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of groundwater at UIN Sunan Ampel, to know the quality of groundwater in UIN Sunan Ampel reviewed by Minister of Health Regulation No. RI. 32 of 2017, Formulating the right steps in improving the quality of ground water at Sunan Ampel UIN towards ECO CAMPUS. This research is a descriptive study, in this study the quality of groundwater sources in Sunan Ampel Surabaya UIN will be described base on 3 parameters of water quality (physics, chemistry and biology). The results indicate differences in groundwater quality at UIN Sunan Ampel in terms of physical, chemical and biological parameters. The quality of groundwater sources in UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya 95% fulfills the standard of environmental health standards and water health requirements for government sanitation hygiene requirements based on physics parameters, but it do not fulfilled the quality standards based on chemical parameters (in the form of pH) and also biology parameters. Improving the quality of ground water at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya is needed by improving the management system of sewers and latrines as well as standard construction of wells.","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128847938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analisis Kebisingan Kawasan Permukiman di Sepanjang Frontage Road A. Yani Surabaya","authors":"Dyah Ratri Nurmaningsih, Shinfi Wazna Auvaria, Widya Nilandita","doi":"10.29080/ALARD.V5I1.739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/ALARD.V5I1.739","url":null,"abstract":"Surabaya city is one of the cities in Indonesia which has the most advanced development in various fields, such as economy, education and transportation. Rapid city development has positive and negative impacts. Positive impact such as high technology from various infrastructures for transportation, health, education, entertainment and others that support the daily activities of Surabaya people. The negative impact is the declining quality of the environment, which can cause health problems and community discomfort. The research method uses quantitative descriptive methods. This study analyzes the noise caused by traffic that occurs in residential areas along the frontage road A.Yani Surabaya (Menanggal I, Jemur Gayungan I and Jemur Wonosari Masjid Alley). Noise level values was measured using sound level meter and analyzed using a statistical formula. The results showed the value of the noise level in daytime activity (LS) in Menanggal I settlement was 79.96 dB (A), Jemur Gayungan I settlement was 80.28 dB (A) and Jemur Wonosari Mosque mosque settlement was 78.44 dB ( A), and have exceeded the quality standard. Noise control can be done with vegetation barriers at noise sources, settlements and along the frontage road. Reduction of noise level can be done by replacement of wall materials with glass or a combination of glass and brick, as well as a combination design in the interior of the room by adding gypsum board material to the ceiling and room dividers.","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115894428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumbuhan Echinodorus Radicans Dan Sagittaria Lancifolia Sebagai Fitoremediator Detergen Dan Logam Berat","authors":"R. Irawanto","doi":"10.29080/alard.v5i1.508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/alard.v5i1.508","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is a tropical country that wellknow as mega-biodiversity, but a small diversity is known and utilized. The predicate as mega biodiversity country, now augmented with predicate as hot spot country, a term that high levels of forest destruction and loss biodiversity. Others high development efforts that ignore of environmental aspects, improving the quality and quantity of various types of pollutants, which directly or indirectly will affect the environment. Water pollutants came from, agricultural and industrial wastewater domestic that polluted rivers. While the condition of waste water is still directly discharged into the drainage channel that will lead to water bodies without processing. The concept of using plants as natural technologies framework to solve environmental problems are known as phytotechnology. One of phytotechnology application is phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is used of plants process in restoring environmental quality from pollutants that contaminate environmental. Given the potential of aquatic plants as phytoremediators, the effort to conserve the aquatic plants diversity in Purwodadi Botanic Garden (PBG) is very important. Therefore, research related to phytoremediation using aquatic plants needs to be done. This study aims to determine the ability of aquatic plants Echinodorus radicans and Sagittaria lancifolia in phytoremediation of organic wastewaste (detergent) and inorganic wastewaste (heavy metals). This research is descriptive with observation and experimental, based on literature study, observation on aquatic plants collection and green house experiment at PBG, and laboratory analysis in Universitas of Brawijaya. Aquatic plants from PBG are Echinodorus radicans and Sagittaria lancifolia based on previous studies are known to have potential in wastewater treatment, not only form river quality but also used in household treatment, leachate, water treatment plant installation, industrial leather waste, slaughterhouses, tofu industry, even hospital wastewater. While the test results of heavy metal content such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg and Pb is known to exist and accumulated in plant leaf tissue in fields. Also evidenced by results of morphological and experimental observations in PBG greenhouses using both species, has demonstrated its ability in phytoremediation against organic contaminants and heavy metal. \u0000Keywords: Phytoremediation, Echinodorus radicans, Sagittaria lancifolia, Wastewater.","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124200635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analisis Kualitas Air Sungai Bawah Tanah Gua Ngerong, Kecamatan Rengel, Tuban","authors":"Dedy Suprayogi, Sulistiya Nengse, Abdul Hakim","doi":"10.29080/ALARD.V5I1.748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/ALARD.V5I1.748","url":null,"abstract":"Fulfillment of water quality requirements is absolutely necessary to fulfill primary human needs, especially drinking water and clean water sources, both in quantity and quality. Study of the underground caverns found the fact that in terms of quantity of water availability in the reservoir is able to meet the needs of residents of the Rengel District, but qualitatively not yet known the water quality in the reservoir. The purpose of this study was to measure the water quality of underground caves in caves which include temperature, turbidity, TDS, DO and pH. The method used in this study is a qualitative method to measure the value of water quality. The research sample was taken with three repetitions for data validity. The sampling location is the underground cave system with a length of 1 km, sample points include dark zone 1, dark zone 2, dark zone 3, and dim zone. Measurements were taken in the laboratory. The results of the study showed that the average values for temperature, turbidity, TDS, DO and pH were 26.7; 1,9; 348.2; 1,6; and 7.1. The conclusion obtained from this study is that all indicators except DOs meet environmental quality standards set by the government. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134035583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karakterisasi dan Pemilihan Alat Pengendali Limbah Sandblasting di Bengkel Blasting Industri Konstruksi Kapal","authors":"A. Afiuddin, Ragil Zika Hibriza, Dwi Ratri Mitha Isnadina","doi":"10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.499","url":null,"abstract":"Sandblasting waste from the blasting process of ship construction has a high potential to pollute the air and a negative impact to the environment or human health. Nowadays the sandblasting waste from the blasting process of the ship construction industry has not been well managed, Therefore, it is necessary to characterize sandblasting waste and to select and apply an appropriate sandblasting waste control device. Tests was carried out by taking particulate samples in the site with High Volume Air Sampler (HVAS) equipment followed by the Gravimetric method, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometry (AAS). The gravimetric method was used to test the concentration of sandblasting waste with an average yield of 6,654.545 mg/m3. The particulate size obtained from SEM testing was 1.751 to 63.03 µm, testing with the AAS method to get the value of heavy metal content of Fe and Al on average of 1.6375 mg/m3 and 2.2925 mg/m3. Control technology that can use for sandblasting waste are Gravity Settling Chamber or Cyclone for preremoval and Bag Filter or Scrubber or Electrostatic Precipitator as an advance removal.Keywords: ships construction, Sandblasting and Particulate control technology","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121075039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENGUKURAN TINGKAT IMPLEMENTASI REKOMENDASI HASIL KAJIAN KINERJA LINGKUNGAN PADA LIMA UKM DI SURABAYA","authors":"Yulfiah Yulfiah","doi":"10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.483","url":null,"abstract":"Actually Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the city of Surabaya give negative contributions to the environment. Related to this, two studies have been conducted to help overcome the negative impact. The first stage of the study was analyzed environmental performance of SMEs in Surabaya. As a result of the study, recommendations for activities for SMEs have been formulated to be more pro-environment. The next phase of the second phase of the research, which consists of the level of implementation of the assessment that has been given, the results that can be done regarding the discussion carried out. The results of the second phase of research that discusses the level of implementation of the assessment given to SMEs varies from 50-90%. Thus, SME awareness to make its company a Pro Environment company still has to improve. The formulation of an educational model for SMEs is needed, so that the environmental performance carried out is not limited to passing legislation. Moreover, the performance of the environment implemented by the company is approved, because it provides a larger company and environmental sustainability. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131102324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perencanaan Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan Pada Aspek Air Bersih, Limbah, Energi, Dan Penghijauan Di Pondok Pesantren (Studi Kasus: Pondok Pesantren An-Najiyah Surabaya)","authors":"Shinfi Wazna Auvaria, Widya Nilandita, Sulistiya Nengse","doi":"10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.505","url":null,"abstract":"Pondok pesantren (Ponpes) merupakan institusi pendidikan islam yang berperan menyiapkan generasi islam yang menjaga sebagian imannya dengan menjaga kebersihan. Ponpes An-Najiyah merupakan salah satu pondok tertua di Surabaya dengan manajemen lingkungan yang belum diterapkan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk merencanakan sistem manajemen lingkungan (SML) pada dua fase dan mengisi kekosongan penelitian SML di Institusi Pendidikan Islam (Ponpes). Metode penelitian merupakan kualitatif dengan komponen aspek lingkungan yang dikaji:air bersih, limbah, energi, dan penghijauan. Data primer:hasil kuisioner, observasi dan mapping kondisi eksisting. Data sekunder:luas wilayah, jumlah penghuni, serta literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk sumber air bersih menggunakan air tanah (37%) dan PDAM (63%). Air limbah dibuang ke badan air tanpa pengolahan dikarenakan tidak adanya instalasi pengolahan air limbah(IPAL). Pewadahan sampah masih sederhana, pengumpulan dan pengangkutan sampah menuju ke TPS Pondok. Aspek Energi, kebanyakan ruang menggunakan lampu non LED. Sebanyak 97% responden menyatakan masih belum terdapat penggunaan sumber energi alternatif. Pondok minim taman, kebun dan ruang terbuka hijau (RTH). Perencanaan pada air bersih: pemasangan keran wudlu otomatis, pemanfaatan bekas wudlu, rainwater harvesting. Aspek limbah:IPAL domestik, penggunaan kembali air limbah untuk menyiram tanaman. Limbah padat,  komposting dan bank sampah. Aspek energi: dengan lampu LED, pemanfaatan sinar matahari (panel surya). Aspek penghijauan: penyediaan RTH dan vertical garden.","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122664041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENGARUH KOMPLEKS LINIER ALKYL BENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) DAN KADMIUM (Cd) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN AKUMULASI, ABSORBSI DAN TOKSISITAS KADMIUM (Cd) PADA Cyprinus carpio L.","authors":"Moch Irfan Hadi, Eva Agustina, Funsu Andiarna, Nadlir Nadlir, Misbakhul Munir","doi":"10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.477","url":null,"abstract":"Deterjen merupakan salah satu hasil produk teknologi dengan menggunakan bahan kimia pengaktif permukaan (surfaktan) Alkyl Benzene Sulfonat (ABS) sebagai penghasil busa. ABS memiliki efek destruktif (buruk) terhadap lingkungan yakni sulit diuraikan oleh mikroorganisme, sehingga diganti dengan bahan aktif  yang memiliki sifat lebih ramah lingkungan yaitu Linier Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS). Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh komplek Linier Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (LAS) dan logam kadmium (Cd) dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi terhadap absorbsi, akumulasi dan toksisitas logam kadmium (Cd) pada ikan mas (Cyprinus Carpio L). Sampel yang digunakan adalah ikan Cyprinus carpio L. dengan usia kurang lebih 3 bulan dengan asumsi bahwa ikan sudah berkembang secara seksual (mature). Cyprinus carpio L yang digunakan berkelamin jantan dengan panjang ±15cm dan berat badan ±100 gram. Penelitian ini menggunakan 6 variasi kelompok perlakuan dan 1 kelompok kontrol, maka dengan rumus diatas didapatkan r (ulangan) minimal 4 kali, maka dengan jumlah kelompokan 7 didapatkan besar sampel 28 ekor. Hasil penelitian ini adalah akumulasi lebih banyak ditemukan pada kelompok perlakuan Cd dan LAS. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah didapatkan perbedaan akumulasi variasi perlakuan antara kelompok kontrol, Cd dan kombinasi LAS-Cd.  Terjadinya akumulasi logam berat pada berbagai organisme dapat menimbulkan kerusakan pada lingkungan dan kesehatan pada manusia.","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116658437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALISA KECUKUPAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU BERDASARKAN PENYERAPAN KONSENTRASI KARBONDIOKSIDA (O2) DAN PEMENUHAN OKSIGEN (O2) DI KAMPUS UIN SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA","authors":"Ida Munfarida, Dyah Ratri Nurmaningsih","doi":"10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.476","url":null,"abstract":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya sebagai salah satu universitas terkemuka di Kota Surabaya ikut mendukung program eco city yang diselenggarakan oleh Pemerintah Kota Surabaya dengan menerapkan program eco campus. Kampus Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya seiring berjalannya waktu terus berbenah untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dengan pengembangan dan pembangunan fisik gedung. Pengambangan dan pembangunan tanpa mempertimbangkan kebutuhan ruang terbuka hijau akan mengakibatkan suasana kampus tidak nyaman sebagai tempat dilakukannya aktivitas belajar mengajar. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis data dengan perhitungan korelasi ruang terbuka hijau dengan konsentrasi karbon dioksida (CO2) dan oksigen (O2) yang terkandung dalam udara di lingkungan kampus Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Hasil analisa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Koefisien Dasar Bangunan (KDB) kampus Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel  eksisting adalah 38,02%; dan Koefisien Dasar Hijau (KDH) eksisting adalah 1,69%. Ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) yang dibutuhkan saat ini berdasarkan kondisi eksisting sebesar 17.387.408, 01 m2, sementara berdasarkan proyeksi Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) hingga tahun 2028, luas ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) yang dibutuhkan sebesar 54,813,305.08 m2. Rekomendasi yang sarankan adalah dengan menyediakan ruang terbuka hijau sesuai hasil analisis penelitian. Serta melaksanakan penghijauan di area gedung seperti rooftop dan vertical garden untuk mengurangi emisi karbon dioksida.","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132600625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studi Keberlanjutan IPAL Komunal di Kota Surabaya","authors":"Widya Nilandita, Arqowi Pribadi, Sulistiya Nengse, Shinfi Wazna Auvaria, Dyah Ratri Nurmaningsih","doi":"10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29080/ALARD.V4I2.484","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in population is directly proportional to the increase in the amount of clean water. Nearly 80% of clean air becomes waste water. Before being discharged into an air body, waste water needs to be processed first. Operation of WWTP The goal is to treat wastewater to be safely disposed of into the environment. One area that has a communal WWTP is RT 2 RW 12, Bendul Merisi Sub-District, Wonocolo District, Surabaya City. The purpose of this study was to examine the sustainability of communal WWTP in RT 2 RW 12 Bendul Merisi Village, Wonocolo District, Surabaya City. This research is quantitative and quantitative. Communal WWTP at RT2 RW 12, Bendul Merisi Village, Wonocolo District, Surabaya City. Technical aspects have good sustainability status (83.48%), access features are included in a fairly sustainable category (71.38%), institutional aspects have a fairly sustainable sustainability status (56.54%) and economic aspects have a less sustainable sustainability status ( 50%). The results of the study showed that the sustainability status of communal WWTP in RT2 RW 12, Bendul Merisi Subdistrict, Wonocolo Sub-District, Surabaya City was included in the fairly sustainable category (63.85%).","PeriodicalId":223433,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134308584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}