SRPN: Regulation (Topic)最新文献

The Intersection of Public Procurement Law and Policy, and International Investment Law 公共采购法与政策与国际投资法的交叉

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 DOI: 10.18356/74337d5d-en

Dominic Npoanlari Dagbanja

{"title":"The Intersection of Public Procurement Law and Policy, and International Investment Law","authors":"Dominic Npoanlari Dagbanja","doi":"10.18356/74337d5d-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/74337d5d-en","url":null,"abstract":"There is substantial scholarship on the limitations that international investment agreements (IIAs) place on States authority to regulate in the public interest. An area of fundamental importance that has not received scholarly attention in connection with IIAs is public procurement regulation. Given that public procurement is about the needs of States and their citizens, States would want to retain their authority within municipal public procurement laws to decide with whom to contract to meet those needs, and to pursue socioeconomic and industrial policies through procurement. However, most States are parties to IIAs, which impose obligations on them with respect to the protection of foreign investment. This article explores this seminal issue of whether IIAs stand to limit the authority of States in the implementation of procurement legislation and policies. Based on textual analysis and arbitral case study, it argues that treaty-based standards of investment protection can limit States authority on the implementation of methods of procurement (such as national competitive tendering or restricted tendering) and socioeconomic policies in procurement. A question that needs fuller engagement is the extent of conflict between specific IIAs and public procurement laws and policies, either regionally or globally, and how to reconcile conflicting obligations to promote foreign investment and sustainable development. This article provides the foundation for such future research.","PeriodicalId":223263,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Regulation (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131674465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Let's Get This Bread: A Study of Cottage Food Laws and How Cottage Bakers are Baking the Way to Sustainability 让我们来买面包吧:一项关于乡村食品法的研究，以及乡村面包师如何以可持续的方式烘焙

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-07-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3663408

Mary C Taylor

{"title":"Let's Get This Bread: A Study of Cottage Food Laws and How Cottage Bakers are Baking the Way to Sustainability","authors":"Mary C Taylor","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3663408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3663408","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a two-part analysis showing how cottage bakers are the newest key players in a sustainable, cradle-to-grave bread movement. The first part gives an illustrative analysis of the different cottage food laws among states and breaks down the impact that different restrictions within cottage food laws can have on cottage bakers. It also emphasizes how cottage food laws have allowed bread bakers to enter the local market that otherwise would be laden with higher financial and regulatory barriers. The second part analyzes the federal programs that provide support and funding for establishing the infrastructure needed to create local grain economies. This highlights the relatively new Local Food Promotion Program grant that has been used by several entities for a local grain economy's infrastructure. The conclusion brings the two-part analysis together to show that conditions are ripe for wheat to become sustainable and local. The most exciting part? These laws and this movement are still in their infancy and should be watched closely. The hope is that putting out this research will help shed light on the real-life and tangible impacts of cottage food laws, and how they can be improved to further support these systemic changes.","PeriodicalId":223263,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Regulation (Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130085170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Price Effects from the Merger of Agricultural Fertilizer Manufacturers Agrium and PotashCorp 农用肥料生产商Agrium和PotashCorp合并对价格的影响

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3664047

Nicholas Kreisle

引用次数: 2

Preparing Legal Frameworks for Environmental Disasters: Practical Considerations for Host States 为环境灾害准备法律框架:东道国的实际考虑

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3660938

B. Guven, P. Toledano, Lise Johnson

{"title":"Preparing Legal Frameworks for Environmental Disasters: Practical Considerations for Host States","authors":"B. Guven, P. Toledano, Lise Johnson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3660938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3660938","url":null,"abstract":"Projects in the extractives sector carry risks of lasting, and sometimes irreversible, damage to the environment. Nonetheless, these projects are important for accelerating the economic development of host countries. Governments seeking to mitigate the adverse effects of foreign investment often face push-back from investors that are unwilling to change their practices in order to avert environmental disaster. This report sets forth certain steps that host-governments can take during the pre-investment, operation, and enforcement phases of extractives projects to provide financial and other protection in the context of environmental disasters associated with private sector investments.<br><br>Upon comparative review of five Case Study Countries (Canada, Chile, the UAE, Indonesia, and Uganda), the authors of this report found that the most important factor impacting a host government’s ability to hold developers accountable for environmental harm is a gap between applicable environmental legislation and the enforcement of this legislation. The report then provides several recommendations for addressing this discrepancy, with an emphasis on the role of planning and robust legal and regulatory frameworks, as well as an analysis of a variety of safeguards (including, but not limited to, impact assessments, stakeholder engagement, and financial penalties) to be deployed at each of the three phases of a project. It also discusses the role of financial institutions in promoting best practices and mitigating risks and minimizing the fallout from investment-related environmental disasters.","PeriodicalId":223263,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Regulation (Topic)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123675114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ten Global Trends in Regulation: A Future Outlook 全球监管的十大趋势:未来展望

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-12-09 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-03008-7_2-1

J. van der Heijden, G. Hodge

引用次数: 3

Decommissioning of (Abandoned or Disused) Offshore Installations (废弃或废弃)海上设施的退役

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3383115

Constantinos Yiallourides, Greg W. Gordon

引用次数: 0

Privatization and Deregulation of the Airline Industry 航空业的私有化和放松管制

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-05-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3469449

Achim I. Czerny, Hao Lang

{"title":"Privatization and Deregulation of the Airline Industry","authors":"Achim I. Czerny, Hao Lang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3469449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3469449","url":null,"abstract":"The aviation industry doubles market size every 15 years. This growth is partly determined by changes in government regulations. The present chapter describes how the privatization and deregulation of airline markets has contributed to this development. First, we describe the historic development of the airlines’ regulatory environments and ownerships across countries, regions, and continents. Areas including the United States, the European Union, China, India, the countries of Africa and the South East Asian Nations serve as the representative markets and are discussed in more detail. It is shown that deregulation in the air transport market has become a mainstreamdevelopment, and that deregulation has changed aviation markets in many positive ways. Deregulation generally led to stronger competition, reduced fares, increased flight frequencies, more connections, and increased passenger numbers. But deregulation is still far from completion, which illustrates the potential for further improvements of aviation markets. Second, we briefly describe the airlines’ privatization development around the world. Many studies showed that public airline ownership can be associated with major financial losses, while private ownership can help to avoid such losses by improving efficiency and increasing revenues. However, a large share of today’s airlines is still completely or partly government owned.","PeriodicalId":223263,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Regulation (Topic)","volume":"428 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115648829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Sparks Are Flying: The Growing Tension Between Energy Storage and Fire Safety Stakeholders 火花四溅:能源储存和消防安全利益相关者之间的紧张关系日益加剧

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-05-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3675102

Abi Christoph

引用次数: 0

Regulation of Location-Specific Externalities 特定区位外部性的规制

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3284528

Eirik S. Amundsen, L. Hansen, Hans Jørgen Whitta-Jacobsen

{"title":"Regulation of Location-Specific Externalities","authors":"Eirik S. Amundsen, L. Hansen, Hans Jørgen Whitta-Jacobsen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3284528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3284528","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study regulation of externalities involving many small-scale polluters, where the damages from emissions depend on the polluters’ locations. Examples include nutrient and pesticide emissions from farms, particulate emissions from vehicles and home heating units, emissions of hazardous chemical compounds from small business etc. With such emission problems, regulatory authorities often apply a combination of firm-level, possibly differentiated standards for ‘cleaner’ technologies, and market-level, undifferentiated dirty input regulations. We establish general principles for how such regulations should be designed and combined. We find that the optimal regulation design crucially depends on the type of cleaner technologies available to polluters. If these are ‘emission capturing’, optimal technology standards encourage the use of cleaner technologies in both high and low damage areas, while if they are ‘input displacing’, optimal technology regulation encourages cleaner technologies in high damage areas, but discourages their use in low damage areas. Regulation should always discourage the use of dirty input and the optimal regulation intensity may be substantial, particularly if the available cleaner technologies are input displacing.","PeriodicalId":223263,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Regulation (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115496678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two Birds, One Stone? Local Pollution Regulation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions 一石二鸟?本地污染规例及温室气体排放

SRPN: Regulation (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2778386

Claire Brunel, E. Johnson

{"title":"Two Birds, One Stone? Local Pollution Regulation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions","authors":"Claire Brunel, E. Johnson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2778386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2778386","url":null,"abstract":"In most countries, environmental regulation focuses on local pollution, which causes damages near the emission source, while regulation on global pollutants such as greenhouse gases (GHGs) has been slow. Theoretically, local and global pollutants can either be substitutes or complements in production. A firm's response to local pollution regulation can lead greenhouse gas emissions to decrease if the firm switches energy source from oil to natural gas, or to increase if it reduces the temperature of a natural gas-fired boiler, which causes NOx emissions to fall but CO2 emissions to rise. Consequently, local pollution regulation may either intensify or reduce global warming concerns. We exploit new data on US GHG emissions and variation in local pollution regulation across US counties to estimate this relationship. We find no evidence that more stringent local pollution regulation changes GHG emissions from the non-energy sectors. The lack of a statistically detectable effect cannot be explained by a decrease in production or by firms switching production to less regulated countries, and it is true on aggregate as well as for individual polluting industries, though in some instances the coefficients are not precisely estimated. Therefore, local pollution regulation is unlikely to suffice to address global warming.","PeriodicalId":223263,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Regulation (Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121774236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19