Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies最新文献

{"title":"Optical Flow–Based Study Related to Outdoor Tree Pruning Using OpenCV Utilities and Captured Visual Data","authors":"Shinji Kawakura, R. Shibasaki","doi":"10.18178/joaat.6.1.78-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.6.1.78-82","url":null,"abstract":"—We construct and use wearable sensing systems and various cameras to analyze the characteristics of the motions of trained workers and beginners (sometimes including semi-beginners) in non-specific agricultural jobs, and the differences between them. In recent sequential studies, we developed multitudinous, coverall analysis systems to address various agricultural challenges. We have been contributing to them with investigations verifying the accuracy and utility of our kinematic direct sensing and semi-original program-based visual analysis systems for workers and trainers engaged in the pruning of tree branches using special small saws. Pruning tasks include cutting tree branches and forming shapes to improve ventilation for efficient nourishment and promotion of tree growth. Other purposes of these tasks are to make the trees appear beautiful and to prevent illnesses and breeding of noxious insects. The research analysis is based on nine selected optical flow (OF)–based numerical items (features) used in many other scientific fields. These are extracted from OF vectors calculated from the differences between two successive frames of the obtained digital visual data. The targeted experimental field is situated in the Graduate School of Agriculture of the University of Tokyo in Japan, where the targeted trees are common and adequate for the trials. The targeted task of pruning tree branches is one of the most common movements worldwide, which is why our measurements and proposed indicators are expected to be useful in the future in agricultural fields, especially in developing countries and trend agricultural schools.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116060043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pig Weight Estimation Using Image Processing and Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"C. Kaewtapee, C. Rakangtong, C. Bunchasak","doi":"10.18178/joaat.6.4.253-256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.6.4.253-256","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the method for pig weight estimation by using image processing and artificial neural networks. Eighty-eight crossbred pigs (Large White  Landrace  Duroc Jersey) were used. Pigs were individually weighted, measured heart girth and body length. Thereafter, the top-view images of pigs were captured, and the ratio of pig pixels to total area (image) was analyzed by using Python programming. The data was divided into two groups as training set (n=62) and testing set (n=26). The correlation of body weight and heart girth as well as body length and image was determined by Pearson correlation. The training set was used to develop equations of pig weight by regressing analysis and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) were used to measure an error of estimation. The results showed that the high positive correlation with body weight was observed in image, heart girth, and body length (0.930, 0.872 and 0.849, respectively). With regard to regression analysis, the equation including image showed a higher accuracy (R = 0.866) when compared to the equations including heart girth (R = 0.760) or body length (R = 0.721) as well as the equation including both heart girth and body length (R = 0.835). For ANN analysis, the model including image expressed a better fit (R = 0.892) when compared to the equation obtained from regression analysis. Furthermore, ANN analysis showed lower MAD (0.618) and MAPE (6.243) when compared to regression analysis (MAD=0.630 and MAPE=6.410). In conclusion, image processing is a quick method to estimate body weight without casing stress to the pigs. The use of ANN is an alternative method to increase the accuracy of the model for pig weight estimation.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128037465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Herbaceous Vegetation Communities in Terraces of Ecological Isolation Zones in the Mountain Red Soil Area","authors":"Xingmei Huang, Gengjie Zhang, Honggang Zheng, Shuxia Liu, Hui-Fang Hu","doi":"10.18178/joaat.10.1.21-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.10.1.21-29","url":null,"abstract":"Through a sample survey of the research area of the Yunnan Agricultural University (YAU) Research Base in Malong Jiuxian County, we summarized the types of herbaceous vegetation communities in the terraces of the ecological isolation zone of the area, analyzed the species’ importance value, Patrick index, Simpson index, Shannon-wiener index, and Pielou index, and then explored the different patterns (annual and two-years artificial sowing patterns and natural secondary community patterns) under three different slope positions at the top, middle and bottom of the slope. The results indicated that: 1) there were 34 species of vascular plants, 15 families, and 32 genera in the study area, including one family, one genus, and one species of Ferns, and 14 families, 31 genera, and 33 species of Dicotyledons, mainly in the Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl, Poaceae Barnhart, and Fabaceae Lindl. Among them, 26 species and 11 families of vegetation were at the top of the slope, mainly Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl; 23 species and 13 families in the middle, with the most significant proportion of Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl; 30 species and 13 families at the bottom, mainly Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl, Poaceae Barnhart, Fabaceae Lindl., and Rosaceae Juss. 2) the species importance value of Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl was the largest in the study area; Artemisia, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv., Miscanthus Sinensis Anderss., Bidens Pilosa L., Erigeron acris L., and Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. were the dominant species. 3) low diversity, good stability, and high evenness index of herbaceous vegetation communities planted artificially in one year; the herbaceous community with better species diversity and lower stability and decreased evenness index in the two-year artificial planting than in the one-year artificial planting; one-year natural secondary herbaceous communities with low diversity index and poor richness index; two-year natural secondary herbaceous communities had better diversity and high species richness index, but decreasing evenness. In the configuration of the ecological isolation zone community of the mountain red soil should be paid to select faster-growing species that are not easily replaced by playing the role of ecological isolation.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124980577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological Development of Probiotic Supplement for Zootechnical Improvement of Broilers","authors":"M. Uono, S. Hacker, C. V. Manfrinato, M. M. Matsuo, S. Todorov, C. S. Bogsan","doi":"10.18178/joaat.6.1.48-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.6.1.48-52","url":null,"abstract":"—The increasing of the demand for functional foods, which include those supplemented or fermented by probiotic microorganisms, resulted in the advancement of research and development of new strains. The probiotic microorganisms Bacillus spp . are attractive for the inherent stability due to their characteristic of spore-forming bacteria. Spores allow prolonged shelf life and increase the ability to survive gastric barriers, which turn out to be an advantage over lactobacilli. Two bacteria were supplied by VitaBridge Company in order to identify which strain would have the best technological performance for the development of a novel functional food with high performance in the zootechnical improvement of broilers. The characterization was performed according to the protocol which included phenotypic and genotypic tests for determining the probiotic potential of the strains. The results of the tests revealed that BVB1 possesses the best technological characteristics and can be used with efficiency in the improvement of the zootechnical performance of broilers.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116534017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Word with the Future","authors":"Madison N. Mehta, Thailand Harvesting Hope","doi":"10.18178/joaat.6.2.150-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.6.2.150-153","url":null,"abstract":"People wear away at their environment as though they have another to inhabit once this one simply ceases to exist. Human impact is taking its toll on the environment and something must be done before it is too late. Harvesting Hope was created to address these very issues specifically regarding agriculture and the effect of farming on the environment as well as supporting these families. The group has made contributions in the form of low water wastage irrigation systems and organic seeds. Additionally, steps have been taken to develop an effective, organic fertilizer. Coconut oil and Epsom salt were used as the oil foster natural anti-pest properties and the Epsom salt improves the fertility of the soil. Despite weather mishaps, the seeds that had been coated in this mixture produced broader and taller plants that harbored a more vibrant green color. These results begin to prove that conventional fertilizers do not necessarily provide the most desirable results. A natural alternative could be the answer. Next, to this experiment, the group has made steps towards developing an app which will begin to bridge this gap between producer and consumer that exists in society. Everyone must pitch in to reach a level of sustainability or equilibrium, specifically adolescents harboring risk-taking capabilities.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122945649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Potted Tomato on CRH-Treated Oxisols","authors":"M. Nierras","doi":"10.18178/joaat.6.1.27-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.6.1.27-31","url":null,"abstract":"— This experiment evaluated the effects of Carbonized Rice Hull (CRH) on the agronomic and fruiting performance of potted tomatoes. The pots were arranged using completely randomized design with four replications. ANOVA and LSD were used to determine differences among treatments and differences within treatments, respectively. Results indicate that oxisols applied with 10 g of complete fertilizer in a 5:5 CRH-Soil ratio (T 3 ) got the significantly tallest plant height and fruit yield compared to oxisols that received also 10 g of complete fertilizer but without CRH (control). But plant heights and fruit yields of T3 and T2 (3:7 CRH-Soil ratio) were not statistically different. The control treatment (T 0 ) had the shortest increase in plant height and produced the least fruit yield. Plant height was particularly significant from the sixth week of measurement. Prior plant heights (first to fifth week) were not statistically different among treatments. Such result could be due to the fact that CRH being a form of organic matter requires more time to react with the soil. Mixing the soil with CRH was seen as a cheaper and practical method of improving the productivity of the marginal condition of some agricultural lands. The application of CRH to infertile and highly acidic soils is a good alternative in enhancing the usefulness of problem soils.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123031015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nexus of Indigenous Knowledge (IK) Based Crafts and Rural Women’s Welfare at Household Level: Evidence from Rural South Africa","authors":"S. Nyeleka, A. Taruvinga, L. Zhou, K. Mopipi","doi":"10.18178/joaat.6.3.231-235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.6.3.231-235","url":null,"abstract":"— Indigenous Knowledge (IK) based crafts are viewed as potential non-farm livelihoods sources for rural women. This is premised on the assumption that rural women are custodians of IK that can be used to produce crafts from abundantly available natural resources. Whilst there is consensus on the claimed nexus, gaps still exist on the direction and magnitude of the association. Using cross-sectional survey data (n=204) from Amathole District Municipality of South Africa, we estimated the direction and magnitude of the association between participation of rural women in IK based crafts and household welfare. Results revealed a weak positive association between IK based crafts and household income and dietary diversity. With reference to household food insecurity a negative insignificant association was revealed. The papers therefore calls for extreme caution and location specific recommendations when reporting the broader welfare impact of IK based crafts as a livelihood strategy for rural women.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125970380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Rainfall and Urban Expansion on Runoff in the Agricultural Area","authors":"T. Sukwimolseree, P. Kosa","doi":"10.18178/joaat.6.4.281-286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.6.4.281-286","url":null,"abstract":"—In Thailand, agricultural area is very important for a main occupation of Thai people. However, the agricultural areas changed to be the urban areas. Then, the objective of this study is to study the effect of variation rainfall and urban expansion on runoff. A study area is an agricultural area in the Mun river basin. To achieve purpose, there are two parts of this study. They consists of (1) the calculation of daily runoff based on land use 2008 and (2) the daily runoff determination based on the variation of rainfall and urban development. The results present that the runoff increases from the case of urban explanation 5 km to 15 km. A big change of runoff reveals from the case of land use 2008 to the case of urban explanation 5 km. Moreover, mean monthly runoff base on rainfall more than 100 mm/month is higher than mean monthly runoff base on rainfall less than 100 mm/month. The high runoff occurs during May to October. There is the lowest mean runoff in the urban area 1.00-25.00% but there is the highest mean runoff in the urban area 50.01-75.00%. The difference of runoff in the urban area 1.00-25.00% and in the urban area 50.01-75.00% is range 0.35 – 47.12 mm. or 13.97 mm. by averaging. The average runoff has a direct variation with the rainfall and urban area. It means that increased urban area can indicate a variation of runoff. In addition, rainfall is directly affect to runoff.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123223121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Agriculture in Cambodia","authors":"Kanyi Eing, Sanhei Nhor","doi":"10.18178/joaat.6.2.91-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.6.2.91-95","url":null,"abstract":"—In Cambodia, the agriculture sector is one of the important growth engines. Until recently, the contribution of agriculture was still the highest, higher than manufacturing. Combined with the low contribution of the manufacturing sector, the continuous decline in the level of the GDP contribution from the agricultural output has sparked interest on how to sustain, if not promote, the contribution of this sector. Hence, the objective of this study has been to investigate the factors influencing the agricultural output in Cambodia, with a special interest on the complementarity of the manufacturing-agriculture nexus. We employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model for the period from 1993 to 2016. The empirical finding of long-term coefficients of variables in all models showed that the effects of labor force, education and government service are very significant and important in agriculture output growth. By the way, a few factor such as machinery and arable land have negatively effecting on agriculture growth. Surprisingly, investment clearly play a statistically significant but small negative effect in agriculture output growth in the Cambodia economy since investment in Cambodia is moving slightly from the agricultural sector to the other sectors. Manufacturing output had a negative and significant effect on agricultural output. This finding is rather surprising, considering that most of the manufacturing sector is agriculture-based in Cambodia. Therefore, the government should design policies that could encourage local manufactures to use more local content.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131274303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoikòn: The Fence and the Den. Typological-Spatial Proposal for Animal Care Places Design","authors":"E. R. Mussari","doi":"10.18178/joaat.9.2.54-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/joaat.9.2.54-58","url":null,"abstract":"In the last years, the private expenditure on animals has grown increasingly; in Italy, the average number of pets recorded since the advent of Covid-19, was one per citizen. In addition, the Assalco-Zoomark 2021 report declares an increasing awareness of ecological aspects by operators in the veterinary sector. All these data show that the community is ready to live in balance with the animal world; however, one of the most important responsibilities of men, such as taking care of the other species, continues to be obsolete: for example, in Italy, which is the cradle of biodiversity, there are only 13 veterinary (academic) hospitals. Most of the clinics and ambulatory were not designed as a new structure to accommodate such services, but rather, as an interstitial space obtained from existing buildings suitable for the occasion. Does not exist centralized systems that regulate veterinary health care, there is no architectural language that makes these structures recognizable. Great advances have been made in recent years in the direction of ethology; specifically, relational ethology seems to be one of the disciplines that come closest to the behavioral and cognitive dynamics of animals, insisting on the power of the relationship that exists (and can exist) between man and animal. So, why not imagine that architecture and design could interface with relational ethology, to generate a conscious and appropriate way to rethink the spaces of animal care? This could be a way not only for preserving health but also for the psycho-emotional well-being of the species that surround us.","PeriodicalId":222254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132690758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}