Teratology最新文献

{"title":"How does shape influence growth?","authors":"David R Genest","doi":"10.1002/tera.10087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10087","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 4","pages":"143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22043481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of fumonisin B1-induced neural tube defects by folic acid.","authors":"T W Sadler, Alfred H Merrill, Victoria L Stevens, M Cameron Sullards, Elaine Wang, Ping Wang","doi":"10.1002/tera.10089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10089","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND The mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1) inhibits sphingolipid synthesis, blocks folate transport, and has been associated with increased incidences of cancer and neural tube defects. Results from reproductive studies in animal models in vivo and in vitro have demonstrated toxicity in some cases, but no specific terata after fumonisin exposure. No information is available about folic acid's potential to protect against this toxicity. METHODS Neurulating mouse embryos were exposed to fumonisin or folinic acid in whole embryo culture and assessed for effects on growth and development. RESULTS Fumonisin exposure inhibited sphingolipid synthesis, reduced growth, and caused cranial neural tube defects in a dose dependent manner. Supplemental folinic acid ameliorated the effects on growth and development, but not inhibition of sphingolipid synthesis. CONCLUSION Fumonisin has the potential to inhibit embryonic sphingolipid synthesis and to produce embryotoxicity and neural tube defects. Folic acid can reverse some of these effects, supporting results showing that fumonisin disrupts folate receptor function.","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 4","pages":"169-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22043485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teratogen update: fetal effects after in utero exposure to coumarins overview of cases, follow-up findings, and pathogenesis.","authors":"Dieneke van Driel, Judit Wesseling, Pieter J J Sauer, Bert C L Touwen, Eveline van der Veer, Hugo S A Heymans","doi":"10.1002/tera.10054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 3","pages":"127-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21972690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of the hormonal hypothesis of sex ratio to explain the unusual sex ratios typical of some malformations.","authors":"William H James","doi":"10.1002/tera.10081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 3","pages":"101-2; author reply 103-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21972275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects on toes from prenatal exposure to anticonvulsants.","authors":"Aqiba Bokhari,&nbsp;Susan Connolly,&nbsp;Brent A Coull,&nbsp;Elizabeth A Harvey,&nbsp;Lewis B Holmes,&nbsp;Aquba Bokhari","doi":"10.1002/tera.10085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Changes in the distal phalanges of the fingers, including coned epiphyses and hypoplasia of the phalanges, are recognized teratogenic effects of the anticonvulsant drugs phenytoin and phenobarbital. We hypothesized that the frequency of these changes would also be increased in the toes of children exposed to these drugs in comparison to unexposed children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We report on the findings in an analysis of radiographs of the feet of 63 children exposed in utero to either phenytoin alone, phenobarbital alone or both drugs and 56 unexposed comparison children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only subtle changes were identified. The frequency of coned epiphyses and hypoplasia of phalanges of the toes was the same in both the anticonvulsant and unexposed children. Among the anticonvulsant-exposed children, however, there was a strong association between the presence of coned epiphyses in the feet and in the hands: all five children with coned epiphyses in the hands, as described previously in the same individuals by Lu et al. ([2000] Teratology 61:277-283) had coned epiphyses in their feet (P = 0.0012). Measurements showed a shortening of metatarsals in all three treatment groups, but this was significant only in the phenytoin monotherapy-exposed children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Subtle changes are present in the phalanges and metatarsals of the feet of anticonvulsant-exposed children, but the overall frequency is much less than occurred in the hands of the same children. We conclude that the presence of either coned epiphyses or hypoplasia of the phalanges of the toes cannot be considered a distinctive feature of the teratogenicity of the anticonvulsant drugs phenytoin and phenobarbital.</p>","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 3","pages":"122-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21972689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewing old concepts at the start of a new millenium: growth restriction, adrenal hypoplasia, and thymomegaly in human anencephaly.","authors":"Nancy Mazzitelli,&nbsp;Liliana Vauthay,&nbsp;Carlos Grandi,&nbsp;Rosa Fuksman,&nbsp;Monica Rittler","doi":"10.1002/tera.10053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10053","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Anencephaly has been associated frequently with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), consistently with adrenal hypoplasia, and occasionally with an enlarged thymus. Few studies have analyzed the relationship between gestational age (GA), IUGR, associated anomalies and thymomegaly in anencephaly. The aims of our study were to evaluate this relationship and to highlight the usefulness of anencephaly as a model when investigating immune-endocrine interactions.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Fifty-two anencephalics' autopsies were reviewed retrospectively. Body weight, adrenal, and thymus weights were compared to prenatal, postnatal, and stillborn control values, and between associated and isolated anencephalic cases (presenting with and without other unrelated anomalies). Comparisons of adrenal and thymus weights were done by GA and by body weight. Thymus weight:body weight (TW:BW) ratios were compared to expected values.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Anencephalics' body and adrenal weights were lower than their control values, whereas thymus weights did not differ. Body and thymus weights were twice as high in isolated than in associated anencephaly, whereas adrenal weights did not differ. Anencephalics TW:BW ratios were higher than their control values, higher in cases with IUGR, and higher in isolated rather than associated cases. When distributed by GA, thymus weights in anencephaly increased at a higher-than-expected rate.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Our results suggest that adrenal hypoplasia is invariably present in anencephaly, and depending on an underdeveloped pituitary gland, seems to be independent of its etiology. On the contrary, IUGR mainly exists in associated cases and thymus enlargement mainly exists in isolated cases, suggesting a relationship with the underlying cause.","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 3","pages":"105-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21972276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Offspring of male and female parents with thalidomide embryopathy: birth defects and functional anomalies.","authors":"Kerstin Strömland,&nbsp;Eva Philipson,&nbsp;Marita Andersson Grönlund","doi":"10.1002/tera.10083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate congenital malformations and functional anomalies in the offspring of Swedish parents with thalidomide embryopathy (TE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-four children (29 girls, 35 boys) with ages ranging from 0-18 years, born to 34 Swedish parents (14 women, 20 men) with TE, were studied. Data on malformations and dysfunction were collected from medical records at maternity and child healthcare units, delivery units, hospitals, outpatient clinics and schools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five children had both a mother and father with TE, 23 had a mother suffering from TE, and in 36 children the father had TE. One girl had a major malformation consisting of pulmonary stenosis, and single cases of minor physical features and positional deformities were observed. One boy had autism. Four children were born preterm, all to a TE mother. One child died within 24 hr after birth. Seven spontaneous abortions were registered, five of them in TE mothers. The cesarian section rate was 39% among the TE mothers, compared to 14% among the non-TE mothers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Malformations or functional anomalies similar to those typical for TE were not found in this group of children born to Swedish parents with TE. Cesarian sections were more frequently performed in TE mothers, partly because of pelvic and uterine malformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 3","pages":"115-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21972277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual intrauterine sex hormone profiles as a potential cause of sex ratios typical of some malformations: Reply to Dr. James","authors":"J. M. Lary","doi":"10.1002/TERA.10080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TERA.10080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"53 1","pages":"103-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86713043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frozen-sectioning yields similar results as traditional methods for fetal cephalic examination in the rat.","authors":"A Barry Astroff,&nbsp;Sylvia E Ray,&nbsp;Leanna M Rowe,&nbsp;Kim G Hilbish,&nbsp;Alisha L Linville,&nbsp;John P Stutz,&nbsp;William J Breslin","doi":"10.1002/tera.10067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An integral component of developmental toxicity studies is the evaluation of fetal anatomy, which consists of external, visceral, and skeletal examinations. The visceral examination includes an assessment of the fetal head which, in the rat, is typically completed after chemical fixation. Because chemical fixation requires approximately 7 days, a comprehensive visceral examination, including the head, of the fetal rodent cannot be completed at the time of cesarean section. An alternative method to chemical fixation was desired, whereby one could complete an overall visceral examination at the time of cesarean section. In addition, the method would also have to present fetal cranial structures in a manner consistent with that derived after chemical fixation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were administered either 6-aminonicotinamide (6AN), 6 or 12 mg/kg on gestation day 13, or all-trans retinoic acid (RA) 5 or 25 mg/kg on gestation days 9 and 10, untreated dams served as a control group. On gestation day 20, fetuses were sacrificed and removed via cesarean section and one-half of the fetuses from each litter were placed in Bouin's solution (chemical fixation) and the remaining fetuses maintained under refrigeration until just before frozen tissue preparation (freeze fixation). Sectioning of the fetal head was similarly conducted after either chemical or frozen-fixation. Fetal cranial findings observed after chemical fixation were compared to those observed after frozen-fixation in the untreated control and 6AN and RA-treated groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence and severity of the cranial findings, including effects on the eye, brain, and palate, were similarly observed, regardless of fixation method.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A frozen sectioning method for evaluation of the fetal head, yielding results comparable to those derived after chemical fixation, is described. This procedure provides a viable alternative to chemical fixation, and allows the teratologist to complete a comprehensive fetal visceral examination at the time of cesarean section.</p>","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 2","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21971867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of drugs for teratogenic risk: an anachronistic way of counseling.","authors":"Paul Merlob,&nbsp;Bracha Stahl","doi":"10.1002/tera.10069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.10069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22211,"journal":{"name":"Teratology","volume":"66 2","pages":"61-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/tera.10069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21971925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}