Strahlentherapie und Onkologie最新文献

{"title":"Defining the student perspective on radiation oncology-an analysis of factors influencing medical students' decisions for specialized training.","authors":"Stefan Gravemeyer, Dogus Darici, David Rene Steike, Martina Schmitz, Hans Th Eich, Michael Oertel","doi":"10.1007/s00066-025-02396-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-025-02396-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The new Medical Licensing Regulations 2025 in Germany demand a longitudinal and interdisciplinary oncological curriculum for the future of medical education. Small disciplines like radiation oncology (RO) tend to be underrepresented in the general curriculum, which complicates attracting new residents and doctoral candidates to the field. To bridge this gap, our university successfully implemented a multidisciplinary training for preclinical semesters combining anatomical and RO knowledge. The following study addresses students' perceptions of RO and learning success in the setting of a mandatory preclinical course.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative single-center cross-sectional study with 106 students was conducted via online questionnaire before and after a 1-week semester course in anatomy and RO. The analysis was conceptualized using descriptive statistical methods and the expectancy-value model according to Eccles and Wigfield.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 106 (73 female, 33 male) students with a mean age of 21.8 years took part in the first survey. Advanced courses during finals and gender had no effect on interest in RO. However, it could be shown that the understanding of RO (p < 0.0001), knowledge about patients who need to be referred to RO (p < 0.0001), and the interest in specialty training in RO (p < 0.0001) significantly increased during the course. The students' perceptions of specialty training in RO remained stable before and after the course.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study on the influence factors for students' decisions to pursue a specialized training in RO. Students' expectations regarding a good specialty training are well represented in RO, and the implementation of preclinical courses significantly increases the knowledge about RO and the level of interest regarding a specialty training in RO.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"732-738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital redesign of the radiotherapy course for medical students with a blended learning approach.","authors":"Anne Caroline Knöchelmann, Jan-Niklas Becker, Gerald Stiller, Diana Steinmann, Marianne Behrends","doi":"10.1007/s00066-024-02348-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-024-02348-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Due to the need for high-quality teaching, we present a new blended learning concept combining digital modules, interactive seminars, and clinical experience. Furthermore, we evaluated its acceptance among students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A new concept for teaching was applied to the radiotherapy module and made available via the Hannover Medical School (MHH) learning management system as part of a blended learning concept with educational films, multimedia learning modules, online seminars, and onsite practical training. The evaluation recorded assessments of the requirement profile, design, and opportunities for skills acquisition; evaluation of the seminar and internship; and questions on the overall assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The new concept was applied to four passes in the fourth academic year. A total of 152 students completed the radio-oncology learning module, which was evaluated by 46 students. Forty students considered the course duration to be appropriate for the material covered, and most students stated that their prior knowledge had been sufficient. The level of difficulty of the content was rated by the students as somewhat too high. The design of the digital course, the opportunity to acquire skills, the seminar course, and the practical course were mostly rated positively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through digital redesign, a teaching concept can be implemented that combines self-determined learning, professional exchange with doctors, and clinical practice experience. The concept can be transferred to other areas because it combines theoretical knowledge transfer with synchronous teaching and clinical experience. The results of the evaluation show that the students rated the new concept well.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"713-722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential radiotherapy-related reactivation of immune checkpoint inhibitor hepatitis.","authors":"Kakharman Yesmembetov, Cennet Sahin, Mohamad Murad, Marie-Luise Berres, Alexander Koch, Martin von Websky, Florian Vondran, Philipp Bruners, Michael Eble, Ahmed Allam Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s00066-024-02361-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-024-02361-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report details the reactivation of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related autoimmune hepatitis triggered by stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in a 55-year-old male with hilar cholangiocellular carcinoma. Initially diagnosed in December 2021, the patient underwent successful resection and subsequent adjuvant therapy. Despite stable disease following chemotherapy augmented with durvalumab, he developed grade 3 acute hepatitis after seven cycles of durvalumab. Following a brief prednisolone regimen and normalization of liver tests, SBRT targeting para-aortic lymph nodes was initiated. Remarkably, severe hepatitis reoccurred 7 days after starting SBRT, 88 days following the last durvalumab infusion, necessitating resumed and escalated prednisolone treatment. Another course of SBRT for a newly diagnosed metastatic liver lesion was administered in September 2023, with ongoing prednisolone adjustment. By February 2024, liver tests normalized, but subsequent radiological assessments indicated tumor progression, leading to the reintroduction of chemotherapy. This case underscores the potential of SBRT for activating severe immune-mediated hepatotoxicity in patients treated with ICIs, highlighting the need for careful monitoring and management of such patients. Further, this report highlights the possible survival benefit of the strategic application of SBRT in addition to systematic treatment in recurrent and metastatic cholangiocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"752-758"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new GPU-based Monte Carlo code for helium ion therapy.","authors":"Shijun Li, Ning Gao, Bo Cheng, Junyi Liu, Yankui Chang, Xi Pei, Xie George Xu","doi":"10.1007/s00066-024-02357-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-024-02357-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This work presents an effort to extend the capabilities of the previously introduced GPU-based Monte Carlo code ARCHER for helium ion therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ARCHER performs helium ion transport simulations in voxelized geometry, covering kinetic energy levels up to 220 MeV/u. The physical processes are modeled using a class II condensed-history algorithm, considering ionization, energy straggling, multiple scattering, and elastic and inelastic nuclear interactions. A new nuclear-event-repeat algorithm is proposed to generate inelastic nuclear reaction products. Secondary protons, deuterons, tritons, and ³He particles are tracked, while other particles either deposit their energy locally or are ignored. The code is developed under the compute unified device architecture (CUDA) platform to improve computational efficiency. Validations are conducted by benchmarking our code against TOPAS in different phantoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dose distribution comparisons demonstrate strong agreement between our code and TOPAS. The mean point-by-point local relative errors in the region where the dose exceeds 10% of the maximum dose range from 0.25% to 1.31% for all phantoms. In the strict 1%/1 mm criterion, gamma passing rates for a head-neck case, chest case, and prostate case are 99.8%, 96.9%, and 99.6%, respectively. Except for the lung phantom, ARCHER takes less than 10 s to simulate 10 million primary helium ions using a single NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080 card (NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, USA), while TOPAS requires several minutes on a computational platform with two Intel Xeon Gold 6348 CPUs (Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, USA) with 56 cores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work presents the development and benchmarking of the first GPU-based dose engine for helium ion therapy. The code has been proven to achieve high levels of accuracy and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"739-751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interstitial HDR brachytherapy for anal cancer-results and quality of life.","authors":"Michaela Jirkovská, Hana Stankušová, Anna Kindlová, Daniel Jirkovský, Radka Lohynská","doi":"10.1007/s00066-024-02316-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-024-02316-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;While anal cancer is a very rare oncological diagnosis representing less than 2% of lower gastrointestinal tract cancers, the incidence has doubled in the past 20 years. Radical radiochemotherapy with sequential or simultaneous boost is now the standard treatment modality. Interstitial HDR brachytherapy is one of the boost application options. Implementation of new radiotherapy techniques has resulted in improved therapeutic outcomes; however, it is still associated with acute and especially late toxicity. Gastrointestinal disorders and sexual dysfunction are the most frequent factors affecting the long-term quality of cured patients' lives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 96 patients consecutively treated between 2000 and 2022 with external beam radio-/chemotherapy and an interstitial brachytherapy boost for histologically verified nonmetastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma were evaluated. The median follow-up time was 15.4 years (range 13.4-17.3 years). The primary objective of the study was to assess local control (LC) and quality of life (QoL). The Czech versions of internationally validated EORTC questionnaires were used to evaluate life quality-the basic EORTC QOL-C30 v.3 and the specific QOL-ANL 27 questionnaire.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Local control was 85.5% at 5 years, 83.4% at 10 years, 83.4% at 15 years, and 83.4% at 20 years, and there was no dependence on clinical stage. The most common forms of acute toxicity were cutaneous and hematological but were gastrointestinal for late toxicities. In the evaluation of quality of life, 80.5% of patients alive at the time participated. In the EORTC quality of life questionnaire C30 v.3, patients rated the functional scale score as 86.2 points (standard deviation [SD] = 12.6) and the symptom score as 15.5 points (SD = 12.5). The global health score achieved 68.4 points (SD = 23.6). The most common symptoms were fatigue with 25.6 points (SD = 20.2) and diarrhea with 19.0 points (SD = 27.8). In the QOL-ANL 27 questionnaire, symptom scales assessing bowel symptoms were scored 27.5 points (SD = 19) in non-stoma patients and 11.9 points (SD = 17.2) in stoma patients. In the single-item symptom scales, the highest scores were rated for frequency of urination with 26.4 points (SD = 30.8), need to be close to a toilet with 22.4 points (SD = 27.3), and self-cleaning more often with 25.3 points (SD = 31.8). In the functional scales assessing sex life and interest, men and women reported scores of 45.2 (SD = 23) and 45.5 points (SD = 19), respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Boost with interstitial HDR brachytherapy is an established safe method of anal cancer treatment, with excellent results and limited late toxicity. Functioning scales were rated relatively highly in QoL questionnaires, and the overall global health score was comparable to published data. Gastrointestinal difficulties, fatigue, and sexual dysfunction dominated the symptom scal","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"687-698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of patients with reduced dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity receiving combined 5-fluoruracil-/capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"E Hoffmann, A Toepell, A Peter, S Böke, C De-Colle, M Steinle, M Niyazi, C Gani","doi":"10.1007/s00066-024-02287-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-024-02287-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>5‑Fluoruracil (5-FU) and its oral prodrug capecitabine are mainstays in combined chemoradiotherapy regimens. They are metabolized by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD). Pathogenic variants of the DPYD gene cause a reduction in DPYD activity, leading to possibly severe toxicities. Therefore, patients receiving 5‑FU-/capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy should be tested for DPYD variants. However, there are limited clinical data on treatment adjustments and tolerability in patients with decreased DPYP activity receiving combined chemoradiotherapy. Therefore, a retrospective analysis of the toxicity profiles of patients with decreased DPYD activity treated at our center was conducted.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For all patients receiving 5‑FU-/capecitabine-based chemo(radio)therapy at our department, DPYD activity was routinely tested. Genotyping of four DPYD variants (DPYD*2A, DPYD*13, c.2846A > T, and haplotype B3) was conducted according to the recommendation of the German Society for Hematooncology (DGHO) using TaqMan hydrolysis polymerase chain reaction (PCR; QuantStudy 3, Thermo FisherScientific, Darmstadt). DPYD variants and activity score as well as clinical data (tumor entity, treatment protocol, dose adjustments, and toxicity according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE]) were assessed and reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 261 tested patients, 21 exhibited DPYD variants, 18 of whom received chemoradiotherapy. All but one patient was treated for rectal or anal carcinoma. The observed rate of DPYD variants was 8.0%, and heterozygous haplotype B3 was the most common (5.75%). One patient exhibited a homozygous DPYD variant. DPYD activity score was at least 0.5 in heterozygous patients; chemotherapy dose was adjusted accordingly, with an applied dose of 50-75%. CTCAE grade 2 skin toxicity (50%) and grade 3 leukopenia (33.3%) were most common. One patient experienced a transient grade 4 increase in transaminases. All high-grade toxicities were manageable with supportive treatment and transient. No CTCAE grade 5 toxicities related to 5‑FU administration were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With dose reduction in heterozygous patients, toxicity was within the range of patients without DPYD variants. Our clinical data suggest that dose-adapted 5‑FU-/capecitabine-chemoradiotherapy regimens can be safely considered in patients with heterozygous clinically relevant DPYD variants, but that the optimal dosage still needs to be determined to avoid both increased toxicity and undertreatment in a curative setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"679-686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of radiation oncology integration within general practitioners' daily patient care: a cross-sectional survey in Germany.","authors":"Sophia M Leiss, Helen X Hou, Steffi Pigorsch, Kai Borm, Jan Peeken, Antonius Schneider, Stephanie Combs, Andreas Dinkel, Denise Bernhardt","doi":"10.1007/s00066-024-02352-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-024-02352-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>General practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in providing interdisciplinary care for radiation oncology patients. This study aims to understand the specific needs and challenges faced by general practitioners in Germany when treating oncology patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive web-based questionnaire with 24 items was disseminated to GPs in Germany via email using survio.com. The survey collected data on demographics, qualifications, clinical experiences, decision-making involvement, and symptom recognition. It specifically examined post-radiotherapy care and the use of specialized palliative homecare networks (SAPV). Statistical analyses were descriptive. The survey was open from July 4 to August 9, 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A notable majority of general practitioners displayed confidence in their understanding of cancer-related symptoms, with over half (54.6%) rating their knowledge with 4 out of 5. This level of self-assessed expertise extended to their capacity to address the needs of cancer patients (53.8%), although 67% express a need for further education in specifically radiotherapeutic side effects. Satisfaction with SAPV networks was high, and 72.3% of respondents were actively involved in palliative care, compared to only 45.6% in managing radiation therapy. Notable challenges included inadequate communication with specialists, insufficient staffing, and under-recognition of GPs' roles in oncology care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights a paradox where GPs show high engagement in palliative care but limited involvement in radiation therapy management due to communication gaps and professional development needs. Addressing these disparities through targeted initiatives and fostering a collaborative care model is essential to amplify the important role of GPs, ensuring more integrated and effective patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"723-731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous integrated boost to lateral pelvic lymph nodes during chemoradiotherapy in high-risk rectal cancer.","authors":"Marcel Büttner, Simon Böke, Sabrina Baumeister, Robert Bachmann, Michael Bitzer, Hans Bösmüller, Dörte Wichmann, Maximilian Niyazi, Cihan Gani","doi":"10.1007/s00066-024-02354-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-024-02354-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preoperative chemoradiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision (TME) is a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, lateral pelvic lymph nodes (LPLNs) are often inadequately treated with standard regimens. This study examines the treatment and postoperative outcomes in LARC patients receiving a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) for LPLNs during long-course chemoradiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included high-risk LARC patients (UICC, \"Union Internationale Contre le Cancer\", stage III) treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and SIB to LPLNs. Radiotherapy was delivered to the primary tumor and elective volumes with 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions, and an SIB with a median dose of 60.2 Gy was administered to clinically positive LPLNs. TME quality and postoperative complications were assessed using MERCURY and Clavien-Dindo, respectively. Time-to-event data were analyzed according to Kaplan-Meier.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2019 and 2023, 27 patients with high-risk LARC and LPLN metastases were treated with chemoradiotherapy. After a median follow-up of 19 months, 2‑year overall survival was 80%, disease-free survival 80%, and local control of dose-escalated lymph nodes 100%. Three patients were managed nonoperatively after a clinical complete response on endoscopy and imaging. Of the 22 patients who had surgery, only one had complications higher than Clavien-Dindo grade I; TME was graded as MERCURY I in 73%.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>The SIB approach for LPLNs in LARC is feasible, does not increase postoperative morbidity, and achieves excellent local control. This study supports the consideration of dose-escalated radiotherapy for LPLNs to address high local recurrence risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"706-712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-coding RNAs modulation in breast cancer radioresponse: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.","authors":"Amin Moqadami, Sahar Ghafari, Mohammad Khalaj-Kondori","doi":"10.1007/s00066-024-02317-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-024-02317-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women, with significant incidence and fatality rates. Radiation therapy is an important therapeutic option for breast cancer patients. However, tumor cells' resistance to radiation can limit therapy efficacy, resulting in recurrence and death. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of small RNA molecules that do not translate into proteins but can affect the translation of target mRNA. Several investigations on breast cancer have demonstrated abnormal expression of ncRNAs in response to radiation. Non-coding RNAs are essential in controlling numerous processes such as DNA damage response, cancer stem cell pathways, cell cycle regulation, cell death, and inflammation. Dysregulation of ncRNAs after irradiation influences radiosensitivity or radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying Radiation response can lead to innovative treatment ways to reduce breast cancer radioresistance and increase radiotherapy's efficacy. This review summarizes current research on ncRNA dysregulation following irradiation and analyzes ncRNAs' function and mechanism in modifying breast cancer cell radiosensitivity and radioresistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"669-678"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation therapy in anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions-a pattern of care analysis in German-speaking countries.","authors":"Hendrik Dapper, Claudia Rudroff, Philipp Linde, Johannes Rosenbrock, Joel Schmitz, Simone Ferdinandus, Karolina Jablonska, Daniel Martin, Claus Rödel, Emmanouil Fokas","doi":"10.1007/s00066-025-02380-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00066-025-02380-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) of the anal region are recognized as precursor lesions to squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA), especially in individuals infected with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Although recent studies indicate that treating HSIL can reduce progression to SCCA, optimal management strategies remain undefined. High recurrence rates and treatment-associated morbidities underscore the need for effective therapeutic options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey among radiation oncologists in Germany was conducted between September and October 2024, covering clinical practice settings, the frequency of HSIL cases, experience with radiotherapy, reasons for radiotherapy inquiries, treatment indications, and concurrent therapies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 58 radiation oncologists participated in the survey, with 37 (63.8%) reporting inquiries about radiotherapy for HSIL, primarily for patients with multiple recurrences. Radiotherapy was generally considered an appropriate option, particularly for recurrent cases where other treatments posed risks, especially complications or worsening of anorectal function after local excision. However, only half of the respondents (29) had prior experience with treating anal HSIL and rated radiotherapy outcomes as good or very good. Most respondents indicated a preference for treating only the local area (i.e., excluding lymphatic drainage pathways) to a total dose of 40-50 Gy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recurrent anal HSIL presents a major challenge for patients, with no established effective treatment standards available. Radiotherapy is frequently requested and administered, showing promising preliminary outcomes. Clinical studies are warranted to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of radiotherapy in patients with anal HSIL.</p>","PeriodicalId":21998,"journal":{"name":"Strahlentherapie und Onkologie","volume":" ","pages":"699-705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}