Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications最新文献

{"title":"A new observation on optical phase conjugation using barium titanate: Dark hole effect","authors":"H. Jeon, J. Son, Yim-Kul Lee, Yong Sik Um","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.md13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.md13","url":null,"abstract":"New experimental observations on a dark hole obtained at the center of self-pumped phase conjugated image are presented. We focus on beam fanning and the relative position of the back focal plane of a Fourier transforming lens to the crystal (Sanders' barium titanate) used. A collimated argon-ion laser beam (514.5nm) with Gaussian profile illuminates a clear circular aperture as an input object and is focused into the crystal of 5mm × 4.8mm × 4.2mm (c axis) by the lens as shown in Fig. 1. When the center of the crystal is located behind the back focal plane of the lens, the optical phase conjugated image contains a dark hole at its center as shown in Fig. 2(a). As the center of the crystal moves away from the back focal plane, the size of the dark hole tends to decrease as shown in Fig. 2(b). No dark hole was obtained when the crystal was further moved backward as shown in Fig. 2(c). It is speculated that low spatial frequency components of the resulting Fourier pattern are suppressed by beam fanning inside the crystal and that the cutoff frequency decreases as the crystal moves backward.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114838323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Scaling of SBS Phase Conjugate Mirrors to 4J","authors":"M. Mangir, D. Rockwell","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.pd13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.pd13","url":null,"abstract":"Phase conjugation (PC) via stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is widely used, convenient technique for improving the performance of many pulsed lasers. For laser output energies ~1J, satisfactory performance can generally be achieved using a simple SBS phase-conjugate mirror (PCM) in which the beam to be conjugated is simply focussed into a bulk SBS medium. Exploitating PC in lasers producing output energies >10J requires a PCM that produces good conjugation fidelity at energies >1J.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125615272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive Pulse Mode-Locking and Fiber Lasers","authors":"H. Haus, E. Ippen","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.wa2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.wa2","url":null,"abstract":"Additive Pulse Mode-Locking (APM) is a particularly convenient means of generating pulses from fiber lasers, The figure eight self-stabilized laser by Duling is an example. Here the fiber ring(s) act as the pulse forming elements. It is desirable to construct simpler modelocking structures within one self-stabilized fiber resonator. Such structures are theoretically possible. They operate by nonlinear polarization rotation and use polarization transformers and polarizer(s), all compatible with, and realizable within, the gain fiber. They can be self-starting. Details of such designs will be given. One of these is being pursued experimentally at MIT. The aim is to adjust the parameters so as to produce a single soliton-like pulse bouncing back and forth in the resonator; the bandwidth limiting by the gain and loss profiles compensated by the APM action. It turns out that the APM action coupled with steady state gain saturation \"quantizes\" the solitons, giving them a characteristic energy. Therefore, in such fiber systems, one often encounters multiple solitons of equal energy bouncing back and forth as seen by the group at Strathclyde. We shall present the theoretical framework for the description of such systems.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126237717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third-Order Optical Nonlinearities in C60 and C70-Toluene Solutions","authors":"Zhanxing Zhang, Dadi Wang, P. Ye, Yuliang Li, Peiji Wu, D. Zhu","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.md1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.md1","url":null,"abstract":"C60 and C70 buckminsterfullerenes have attracted much attention in recent years because of their special structure. Recently, Blau et al[1] presented the first measurement of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility in C60-benzene solutions using 50-psec pulses at 1.064 μm. Here, we report our studies of the third-order optical nonlinearity in C60 and C70-toluene solutions using 30-psec pulses at 0.532 μm, which emphsize on the measurements of the tensor element \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 χ\u0000 \u0000 1212\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 (\u0000 3\u0000 )\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 .","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124950909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-Resolved Four-Wave Mixing in Optically Dense Medium","authors":"M. Belov, M. A. Selifanov, E. Manykin","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.tud32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tud32","url":null,"abstract":"Time-resolved four-wave mixing CTRFWMZ) is a powerful method to study dephasing processes in solids [1]. The self-diffraction or two-pulse scheme of this phenomenon is shown in Fig.1. Presently, a number of the experimental and theoretical works dealt with TRFWM is reported [2-8]. Recently, the novel results which demonstrate the anomalous response of TRFWM with a signal at negative time delays, were obtained [9-10]. This effect cannot be predicted on the basis of the traditional Bloch equation approach [2].","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121571498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulse Evolution in Birefringent Fibers under the Influence of Four-Wave Mixing and Stimulated Raman Scattering","authors":"R. Schulz, H. Harde","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.we19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.we19","url":null,"abstract":"The propagation of high power laser pulses through glass fibers is affected by nonlinear optical effects which can be described by the third order nonlinear susceptibility χ(3) = χ′(3)+ iχ″(3). The real part contains self- and cross-phase-modulation (SPM and XPM) causing spectral broadening, and it is responsible for the parametric four wave-mixing process (FWM) which leads to the generation of a Stokes/anti-Stokes wave pair and requires phase matching. The imaginary part describes Stokes frequency conversion due to stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS). This process is always self phase matched. Most of the research work published has treated the effects of SRS and FWM independently [1] even though they may act simultaneously [2]. A simultaneous treatment becomes necessary when the frequency shift at which phase matching occurs falls within the Raman amplification profile. In this paper we present experimental and theoretical results of the combined action of FWM and SRS in a birefringent fiber under the influence of SPM, XPM and group velocity dispersion.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131774448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear refractive index measurements in thin films of organometallic diacetylene polymer","authors":"W. A. Pender, W. Blau, Fiachra Banim, C. Cardin","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.md23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.md23","url":null,"abstract":"Organic materials with third-order nonlinearities have been widely studied [1]. These materials have potential in all-optical switching technology, using the large and ultrafast nonlinearities in conjugated systems such as polydiacetylenes [1]. We present here experimental results of nonlinear refractive index measeurements from a poly (trans-bis(tri-n-octylphosphine)nickel-diyne-l,4-diyl-butadiyneyl], (Ni:PDA), film spin-coated on a quartz substrate. This polymer is a metal-substituted polydiacetylene (fig2). We also investigate the secondary properties, such as linear absorption and film fabrication.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128336701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Effect On The Nonlinear Optical Properties Of Transition Metal-Oxode Microcrystallites","authors":"H. Fei, Xicheng Ai, Li Han, R. Nie, Zhenhua Hu","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.we15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.we15","url":null,"abstract":"The size dependent modifications of the optical and electronic properties of microcrystallites have attracted considerable attention recently[1-4]. As the diameter of the microcrystallite approaches its corresponding exciton Bohr diameter, its electronic and optical properties start to change because of the quantum confinement effect, dielectric effect and the effect of the surface[5]. For microcrystallites in such a small size regime, a large percentage of the atomes is on or near the surfaces. The existence of this vast interface between the microcrystallite and the surrounding medium can have a profound effect on the nonlinear optical properties of the microcrystallites. For the first time, we studied the nonlinear optical properties of translation metal-oxide microcrystallites by coating the surface with a layer of organic polar molecule(DBS etc.), and found that the change of the surface environment could alter the optical properties greatly. For Fe2O3 as example, (1) the absorption incresed toward the high energy side, (2) the laser induced luminescence intensity decreased by 2 orders in magnitude, and on the contrary, the Raman signal of the surface was enhanced greatly, (3) the saturable absorption phenomenon disappeared, (4) larger third order susceptibility and faster excited state relaxation were obtained compared with uncoated Fe2O3 microcrystallite. These phenomena are the results of the change of the electronic structure caused by the quantum confinement effect and the effect of the surface, unlike semiconductor microcrystallites in which the delocalized Wannier excitons can be influenced greatly by the quantum confinement effect (such as PbS microcrystallite). Transition metal oxide microcrystallite has more complicated electronic structure in which localized d electrons influence its electronic and optical properties greatly[6], and the small diameter Frenkel exciton in such material was effected little by the quantum confinement effect, therefore, the exciton structure could not be abserved in the absorption spectrum. But the size of the transition metal oxide microcrystallites influence their electronic structure strongly. For Fe2O3 as example, the energy structure can be quantitatively shown as the Figure (at the end of the paper), in which a is d-d transition, b represents charge transfer, c is orbital promotion and d is interband transitions. As the size of the microcrystallite decreases, the 3d and 4sp state couples increasingly, and the 3d-4sp (orbital promotion) state contribution increases correspondingly. To some extend, the d electrons and the Frenkel exciton will be delocalized, and the excited electron-hole pair can be ionized and scattered to the surface rapidly. In particular, when the surface was coated with a layer of organic polar molecule, the 3d-4sp state interaction was enhanced greatly under the strong polar interaction of the surface, and some 3d-4sp hydride state will exist, thus the d electrons and the Fre","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115039300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nonlinear Optical Response of Substituted Phthalocyanines and Porphyrins","authors":"J. Lindle, S. Flom, J. Shirk, F. J. Bartoli, D. Gust, T. Moore, A. Moore, P. Liddell","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.md26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.md26","url":null,"abstract":"The cubic polarizabilities, 〈γ〉, of over thirty substituted phthalocyanines have been previously measured at 1064 nm and/or at 597 nm. 〈γ〉 depends dramatically on the molecular structure and central metal atom.1,2 In this paper we report the concentration dependence of the temporal response of χ(3)xxxx and χ(3)xyyx of metal free tetrakis(cumylphenoxy)phthalocyanine (H2Pc(CP)4). Further, the nonlinear optical (NLO) response of several porphyrins, including one substituted with a long chain, carotenoid polyene are reported. For each of these materials the time and polarization dependences observed in degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) experiments show that optical pumping contributions enhance the NLO response.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131657792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of Er3+ and Er3 + /Yb3+ doping on Second harmonic generation in Er3+ and Er3+/Yb3+ doped fibers","authors":"Y. Hua, Qu Li, Ying-Li Chen, Yi-xin Chen","doi":"10.1364/nlo.1992.we20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.we20","url":null,"abstract":"The SHG experiments were performed using a CW mode-locked (82MHz) and Q-switched (3kHz) Nd:YAG laser. The 532nm seeding SH pulse, produced by a KTP crystal, was about. 5% of peak pump power. In order to make high conversion efficiency and save preparation time, a new method of two-stage preparation was used. At first stage the method of 532nm seeding was used. After 10 minutes seeding, only the 1064nm pump pulse was used at second stage. It took 10 + 30 minutes for the SHG efficiency to reach a saturated level. The efficiency was higher than that of 532nm seeding preparation, and the preparation time was less than that of 1064nm-only-preparation. Several Er3+ and Yb3+/Er3+ fibers with various dopants and core-cladding index differences were prepared by the two-stage method, and the the measured maximum efficiency of SHG was 8.8%.","PeriodicalId":219832,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications","volume":"119 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116345262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}