Strain最新文献 - Book学术

Evolution of interphase stress over a crack propagation plane as a function of stress relief heat treatments in a PBF‐LB/M AlSi10Mg alloy PBF-LB/M AlSi10Mg 合金中裂纹扩展面上相间应力的演变与应力消除热处理的关系

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1111/str.12475

Ilaria Roveda, T. Mishurova, Alexander Evans, Andrew N. Fitch, Jan Haubrich, Guillermo Requena, Giovanni Bruno, I. Serrano‐Munoz

{"title":"Evolution of interphase stress over a crack propagation plane as a function of stress relief heat treatments in a PBF‐LB/M AlSi10Mg alloy","authors":"Ilaria Roveda, T. Mishurova, Alexander Evans, Andrew N. Fitch, Jan Haubrich, Guillermo Requena, Giovanni Bruno, I. Serrano‐Munoz","doi":"10.1111/str.12475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12475","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we compare the residual stress state in a laser powder bed fusion (PBF‐LB/M) AlSi10Mg alloy in the as‐built (AB) condition with that after two different heat treatments (265 °C for 1 h, HT1; and 300 °C for 2 h, HT2). The bulk residual stress (RS) is determined using synchrotron X‐ray diffraction (SXRD), and near‐surface profiles are determined using laboratory energy‐dispersive X‐ray diffraction (EDXRD). The EDXRD results do not reveal any notable difference between the conditions at a depth of 350 μm, suggesting that the machining process yields a comparable residual stress state in the near‐surface regions. On the other hand, the SXRD results show that HT1 is more effective in relieving the bulk RS. It is observed that HT1 reduces the RS state in both the aluminium matrix and the silicon network. In addtion, HT2 does not have a significant impact on relaxing the RS as‐built state of the matrix, although it does induce a reduction in the RS magnitudes of the Si phase. It is concluded that the heat treatment stress relieving is effective as long as the Si‐network is not disaggregated.","PeriodicalId":21972,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140215005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indentation stress–strain analysis and finite element simulation to determine elastoplastic properties of thin films decreasing the substrate contribution 利用压痕应力应变分析和有限元模拟确定薄膜的弹塑性能，降低基底的贡献率

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1111/str.12474

U. Jirón-Lazos, J. R. Pérez-Higareda, D. A. Mazón-Montijo, Z. Montiel‐González, D. Torres-Torres

{"title":"Indentation stress–strain analysis and finite element simulation to determine elastoplastic properties of thin films decreasing the substrate contribution","authors":"U. Jirón-Lazos, J. R. Pérez-Higareda, D. A. Mazón-Montijo, Z. Montiel‐González, D. Torres-Torres","doi":"10.1111/str.12474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12474","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical performance of protective coatings is crucial in daily industrial environments, with transition metal nitrides being among the most commonly used hard coatings for machining tool protection. However, determining their elastoplastic properties via conventional methods can be challenging due to the thickness‐dependent response of film/substrate systems. In this study, we utilised two sputtering Ti‐Al‐N films as a model hard thin film/soft substrate system to showcase an alternative methodology to the Oliver and Pharr method. This alternative approach involves determining Young's modulus, yield stress and hardness through indentation stress–strain curves obtained from nanoindentation tests, effectively decreasing the substrate's contribution. This decrease was corroborated by finite element simulations conducted on films with thickness below 1.0 μm. The elastoplastic properties determined using our methodology fell within the range reported for typical Ti‐Al‐N films. Furthermore, by applying our methodology, we were able to correlate and discuss the observed differences in mechanical behaviour between the two films based solely on their microstructural, compositional and morphological properties. Thus, we have demonstrated a viable alternative methodology to address substrate contribution challenges in the mechanical characterisation of thin film/substrate systems when employing an indenter with a large radius of curvature (~650 nm). This research holds potential implications for the design of protective submicrometric films with industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":21972,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140221088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metrics to evaluate constitutive model fitness based on DIC experiments 基于 DIC 实验的构成模型适配性评估指标

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.1111/str.12473

Amar Peshave, Fabrice Pierron, Pascal Lava, D. Moens, D. Vandepitte

{"title":"Metrics to evaluate constitutive model fitness based on DIC experiments","authors":"Amar Peshave, Fabrice Pierron, Pascal Lava, D. Moens, D. Vandepitte","doi":"10.1111/str.12473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12473","url":null,"abstract":"Full‐field optical experimental techniques such as Digital Image Correlation (DIC) enable measurement of information‐rich heterogeneous strain states. The aim of Material Testing 2.0 is to capitalise on this and design experimental setups for efficient material characterisation using inverse identification techniques such as the Virtual Fields Method (VFM). In that case, however, a priori knowledge of the constitutive model is required, which sometimes is not a trivial task. This limitation can be overcome by identifying multiple constitutive models using the same DIC strain fields and comparing their performance. In this work, we present a methodology to evaluate model performance and compare different constitutive models based on quantitative metrics. DIC experiments were performed on an S‐shaped high density polyethylene test sample under uniaxial load. The heterogeneous DIC strain fields were used in combination with the VFM to identify parameters of hyperelastic constitutive models with increasing complexity. Two deterministic metrics, the equilibrium gap indicator (EGI) and the reconstructed axial force ratio (RAFR), were defined and used to compare the performance of these constitutive models. The impact of spatial smoothing on DIC strain fields was studied by calculating the EGI and RAFR using a digital twin of the DIC experiments. EGI and RAFR metrics provide complementary information regarding the material behaviour, and both are necessary to make an informed choice. In this case study, hyperelastic constitutive models were found not to capture the material stiffness well in the small strain regime. A linear‐elastic contribution exponentially decaying with the equivalent shear stress was added to the hyperelastic models and the corresponding model parameters identified using the VFM. The elastic‐hyperelastic constitutive models were found to perform better than their purely hyperelastic counterparts.","PeriodicalId":21972,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High‐resolution strain mapping in a thermionic LaB6 scanning electron microscope 热离子 LaB6 扫描电子显微镜中的高分辨率应变绘图

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1111/str.12472

Benjamin Poole, Alex Marsh, David Lunt, Chris Hardie, Mike Gorley, Cory Hamelin, Allan Harte

{"title":"High‐resolution strain mapping in a thermionic LaB6 scanning electron microscope","authors":"Benjamin Poole, Alex Marsh, David Lunt, Chris Hardie, Mike Gorley, Cory Hamelin, Allan Harte","doi":"10.1111/str.12472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12472","url":null,"abstract":"The high source stability and brightness of field emission gun equipped scanning electron microscopes (SEM) makes them ideal for high‐resolution digital image correlation (HRDIC). However, their high initial capital cost can be prohibitive for research organisations and groups. Conventional thermionic SEMs using either a tungsten hairpin or LaB6 filament are far more widespread due to their lower cost. Whilst it is understood that overall performance and ultimate resolution are lower than field emission SEMs, we propose that there is no fundamental reason why these instruments are unsuitable for HRDIC. We investigate the use of a LaB6 SEM as a viable tool for HRDIC. We detail the subtleties of performing HRDIC using a LaB6 thermionic source SEM, providing technical recommendations for best practices in using these instruments for strain mapping. The effects of instrument parameters on strain measurement noise are examined, with a focus on parameters of key relevance to in situ and ex situ mechanical testing. Errors in focus and image pixel size are found to be the primary contributors to the strain noise floor values, with stage accuracy being of secondary importance. We present a case study in oxygen‐free high‐conductivity copper, OFHC‐Cu, which is used in the designs of nuclear fusion components as a heat sink interlayer. Heterogeneous strain patterns are observed in this material, with high levels of strain localisation at grain boundaries. Active slip systems are identified using the relative displacement ratio method, demonstrating the quality of these data and the suitability of LaB6 instruments for HRDIC strain mapping, achieving performance approaching that expected of a field emission SEM.","PeriodicalId":21972,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High‐resolution strain mapping in a thermionic LaB6 scanning electron microscope 热离子 LaB6 扫描电子显微镜中的高分辨率应变绘图

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1111/str.12472

Benjamin Poole, Alex Marsh, David Lunt, Chris Hardie, Mike Gorley, Cory Hamelin, Allan Harte

{"title":"High‐resolution strain mapping in a thermionic LaB6 scanning electron microscope","authors":"Benjamin Poole, Alex Marsh, David Lunt, Chris Hardie, Mike Gorley, Cory Hamelin, Allan Harte","doi":"10.1111/str.12472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12472","url":null,"abstract":"The high source stability and brightness of field emission gun equipped scanning electron microscopes (SEM) makes them ideal for high‐resolution digital image correlation (HRDIC). However, their high initial capital cost can be prohibitive for research organisations and groups. Conventional thermionic SEMs using either a tungsten hairpin or LaB6 filament are far more widespread due to their lower cost. Whilst it is understood that overall performance and ultimate resolution are lower than field emission SEMs, we propose that there is no fundamental reason why these instruments are unsuitable for HRDIC. We investigate the use of a LaB6 SEM as a viable tool for HRDIC. We detail the subtleties of performing HRDIC using a LaB6 thermionic source SEM, providing technical recommendations for best practices in using these instruments for strain mapping. The effects of instrument parameters on strain measurement noise are examined, with a focus on parameters of key relevance to in situ and ex situ mechanical testing. Errors in focus and image pixel size are found to be the primary contributors to the strain noise floor values, with stage accuracy being of secondary importance. We present a case study in oxygen‐free high‐conductivity copper, OFHC‐Cu, which is used in the designs of nuclear fusion components as a heat sink interlayer. Heterogeneous strain patterns are observed in this material, with high levels of strain localisation at grain boundaries. Active slip systems are identified using the relative displacement ratio method, demonstrating the quality of these data and the suitability of LaB6 instruments for HRDIC strain mapping, achieving performance approaching that expected of a field emission SEM.","PeriodicalId":21972,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139808053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extracting fracture properties from digital image and volume correlation displacement data: A review 从数字图像和体积相关位移数据中提取断裂特性：综述

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1111/str.12469

T. H. Becker

引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical analysis of strength and deformation of large‐scale steel‐composite adhesive joints subjected to fatigue followed by static loading 大型钢-复合材料粘接接头在静载疲劳作用下的强度和变形试验与数值分析

3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1111/str.12468

Pankaj R. Jaiswal, Rahul Iyer Kumar, Franz Bormann, Thibault Juwet, Geert Luyckx, Luc Mouton, Cedric Verhaeghe, Wim De Waele

{"title":"Experimental and numerical analysis of strength and deformation of large‐scale steel‐composite adhesive joints subjected to fatigue followed by static loading","authors":"Pankaj R. Jaiswal, Rahul Iyer Kumar, Franz Bormann, Thibault Juwet, Geert Luyckx, Luc Mouton, Cedric Verhaeghe, Wim De Waele","doi":"10.1111/str.12468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12468","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work reports a study of the fatigue behaviour and quasi‐static strength of full‐scale adhesively bonded steel‐composite joints. Three joints with an approximately 10‐mm‐thick layer of methyl methacrylate adhesive were manufactured in dockyard conditions. One specimen was tensile tested till failure, while two specimens were subjected to ~3.5 million fatigue cycles, followed by a residual tensile test supported with digital image correlation. The shear, longitudinal and peel strain values within the adhesive bondlines are significantly higher at the gripped sides due to the asymmetrical design of the steel brackets. All specimens showed a significantly higher shear strength than the design values defined by the shipbuilder. Fibre Bragg sensors monitored strains at steel and composite constituents and allowed to detect damage onset and evolution in tensile tested specimens. A finite element model of the joint was developed with material and interface properties based on dedicated small‐scale experiments. The simulation results of strains during a static load test corresponded closely to the DIC measurements. All specimens failed near the composite‐adhesive interface due to delamination of the composite panel.","PeriodicalId":21972,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135973699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plane–strain condition in plane–strain grooved tensile (PSGT) specimens during traction and creep loading at room and high temperature 平面应变槽拉伸(PSGT)试件在室温和高温牵引和蠕变加载下的平面应变状态

3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1111/str.12467

C. Ovalle, M. Broudin, L. Laiarinandrasana

{"title":"Plane–strain condition in plane–strain grooved tensile (PSGT) specimens during traction and creep loading at room and high temperature","authors":"C. Ovalle, M. Broudin, L. Laiarinandrasana","doi":"10.1111/str.12467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12467","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract ISO 23228:2011 proposed a testing method in which the plastic material, experimental resins or compounds for pipes and fittings, can be exposed to stress conditions that mimic internally pressurised end‐capped pipes. The stress conditions are mimicked by the use of a plaque specimen having a grooved reduced section called plane–strain grooved tensile (PSGT) specimens producing a biaxial state of stress under uniaxial loading. In this study, PSGT specimens were cut out from high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes. Two shape ratios, ratio between the width and the groove thickness, were used. Both the axial and transverse displacements and strain fields were followed by a digital image correlation (DIC) camera during tensile and creep loading, both at room and high temperature; furthermore, DIC images were used to estimate the notch opening displacement. The increasing effect of the temperature in both the axial and transverse displacement and strain was highlighted. No significant effect of the width was noticed. The results have evidenced that, as the plane–strain condition in the width is assured during the tests, PSGT specimens can be used to mimic internally pressurised pipes under monotonic increasing or constant‐in‐time loading at both room and high temperature, but it must be better to use specimens with a higher shape ratio, that is, higher width. The results contribute to the 9th Sustainable Development Goal: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure by promoting a sustainable industrialisation and fostering innovation.","PeriodicalId":21972,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136069063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A single‐camera telecentric imaging stereo‐digital image correlation system and its application to carotid pulse signal detection 单相机远心成像立体数字图像相关系统及其在颈动脉脉冲信号检测中的应用

3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1111/str.12466

Chao Chen, Xiaojun Tang, Bing Pan

引用次数: 0

Data science assisted cohesive finite element modelling of impact behaviour of AP‐HTPB crystal binder composite 数据科学辅助了AP - HTPB晶体粘结剂复合材料冲击行为的内聚有限元建模

3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1111/str.12465

Hanson‐Lee Harjono, Saranya Ravva, Mahavir Singh, Henry Huang, Vikas Tomar

{"title":"Data science assisted cohesive finite element modelling of impact behaviour of AP‐HTPB crystal binder composite","authors":"Hanson‐Lee Harjono, Saranya Ravva, Mahavir Singh, Henry Huang, Vikas Tomar","doi":"10.1111/str.12465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12465","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, the response of an ammonium perchlorate (AP)‐hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) composite material under impact loading is presented, utilizing computational cohesive finite element method (CFEM) simulations that are validated with drop hammer experiments. This study examined the impact behaviour of AP crystal sizes between 200 and 400 μm by varying impact velocities between 3 and 10 m/s. Based on the outcome of CFEM simulations, analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests and a response surface method (RSM) were utilized to construct a mathematical model approximating the relationships between simulation inputs and outcomes. Both computational and experimental results show that the local strain rate has a considerable positive correlation with crystal size, and the rate of temperature change has positive correlations with both crystal size and impact velocity. Further, it was observed that stiffness and compression energy are the primary factors to variances in local strain rate and rate of change of temperature. RSM has been found to be an effective tool for modelling impact responses of materials under varying experimental conditions.","PeriodicalId":21972,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135718955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0