Sociobiology最新文献_第8页

Leafcutter Bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) as Pollinators of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., Fabaceae): Artificial Trap Nests as a strategy for their conservation 切叶蜂(膜翅目:大叶蜂科)对豌豆(Cajanus cajan (L.))的传粉作用Millsp。，豆科):人工陷阱巢作为其保护策略

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7202

A. Udayakumar, T. M. Shivalingaswamy

{"title":"Leafcutter Bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) as Pollinators of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., Fabaceae): Artificial Trap Nests as a strategy for their conservation","authors":"A. Udayakumar, T. M. Shivalingaswamy","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7202","url":null,"abstract":"Solitary bees of the family Megachilidae are the key pollinators of pigeon pea. Artificial trap nests were used to study nesting parameters, such as occupancy rate, nest establishment time, and building pattern during the vegetative and flowering stages of the Cajanus cajan (Fabaceae). The installed traps were occupied by three different leafcutter bees (Megachile lanata, M. laticeps, M. disjuncta) and one parasitic bee Coelioxys sp. Bees occupied the nest tubes for 16.01 ± 2.82 and 10.23 ± 2.30 days in the vegetative and flowering stages. We recorded 38.33 and 72.50% trap occupancy rates during crop vegetative and flowering stages, respectively. The percent parasitization by Melittobia sp was significantly higher during the vegetative stage (53.67%). Brood cells were parasitized by Coelioxys sp (6.67%) during the flowering stage. Many female bees tend to occupy trap nests with active nest construction during the flowering stage (7.21 ± 2.28 bees). In contrast, male bees merely took shelter inside the traps during the vegetative stage. Thus, it is concluded that female bees possess more wing wear during the vegetative stage of the crop when compared to the flowering stage. We also observed a significant increase in the percent pod set, the number of seeds per pod, and 100 seed weight in the experimental plot compared to the control plot, proving the importance of leafcutter bees for the pollination of Cajanus cajan crop. The present study results confirmed the role of artificial trap nests in providing habitats for the solitary leafcutter bees, thereby increasing their activity and nest abundance, which favors the pollination and better yield in pigeon pea.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43655661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

My Life as a Curious Naturalist 我作为一个好奇的自然主义者的生活

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7715

R. Jeanne

引用次数: 0

The bee community (Hymenoptera, Apidae) of Ilha Grande, Babitonga bay, Santa Catarina State, Brazil: structure, insularity and interaction network 巴西圣卡塔琳娜州巴比通加湾Ilha Grande的蜜蜂群落（膜翅目、Apidae）：结构、岛屿性和相互作用网络

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7360

Jonata Rodrigo Cavassola Da Silva, D. M. D. S. Mouga, Enderlei Dec

{"title":"The bee community (Hymenoptera, Apidae) of Ilha Grande, Babitonga bay, Santa Catarina State, Brazil: structure, insularity and interaction network","authors":"Jonata Rodrigo Cavassola Da Silva, D. M. D. S. Mouga, Enderlei Dec","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7360","url":null,"abstract":"Island biotic communities tend to be less diverse than mainland communities. This work aimed to describe the bee community of Ilha Grande, Babitonga Bay, Santa Catarina, Brazil, and its interactions with floral resources. Entomological net-sweeps were used to collect bees in flight or on flowering plants for 7 hours a day, monthly, for two years. A total of 785 specimens were sampled in the field, belonging to 50 species or morphotypes with four indeterminate individuals. The most representative subfamilies were Apinae (58.59%), Halictinae (40.43%), Colletinae (0.8%) and Megachilinae (0.1%), while the most abundant species were Apis mellifera (305 individuals), Dialictus sp. 1 (182) and Dialictus sp. 2 (32). The presence of Apis mellifera decreased diversity throughout the year. Relative abundance and richness of Halictinae were greater on the island on mainland. Richness of Apinae was lower on the island than that on the mainland due to the absence of Meliponina. A total of 55 botanical species were identified in association with bees, with Schinus terebinthifolius (105 visits) being the most visited. Interaction network metrics indicate an asymmetric, nested, and poorly specialized network. The results corroborate the Theory of Island Biogeography and demonstrate little interference/favoring of some taxa as well as the absence of others.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47150793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A New Species of the Ant Genus Dolichoderus Lund, 1831 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Thailand 泰国蚁属Dolichoderus Lund一新种，1831（膜翅目，蚁科）

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.6247

Zakaria Barabag, W. Jaitrong

引用次数: 1

Formica rufa ants have a limited effect on the abundance of the parasitic fly Ernestia rudis in Scots pine plantations 红木蚁对苏格兰松人工林中寄生蝇黑蝇的丰度影响有限

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7286

A. Véle, J. Dobrosavljević

引用次数: 2

Morphology and phenology of sexuals and new distribution data on the blind Mediterranean ant Hypoponera abeillei (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) 地中海盲蚁的两性形态物候特征及分布新资料(膜翅目，蚁科)

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7261

E. Schifani, A. Scupola, M. Menchetti, E. Bazzato, X. Espadaler

{"title":"Morphology and phenology of sexuals and new distribution data on the blind Mediterranean ant Hypoponera abeillei (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)","authors":"E. Schifani, A. Scupola, M. Menchetti, E. Bazzato, X. Espadaler","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7261","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoponera abeillei is the sole member of the otherwise exclusively Afrotropical abeillei group to occur in the West-Palearctic and since its first description on the basis of two Corsican workers in 1881, it remained little-known. Workers of this species are thought to entirely lack eyes, a rare trait among ants of the region, yet their lifestyle remains undocumented. On the other hand, the male caste has been described from 4 Tunisian specimens in 1921, and queens remained so far undescribed. We present an updated description of the male caste based on 45 specimens and a first description of the queen caste based on 14 specimens. The H. abeillei material we examined comes from Italy, Spain and Malta (mostly originating from coastal localities), and comprises 11 inedit distribution records, including the first findings in the islands of Mallorca, Malta and Sardinia. Moreover, we provide a first phenological overview of the species’ nuptial flights. Our data show that H. abeillei sexuals flight during the summer, mostly in August, and demonstrate that they can easily be distinguished from all the other Hypoponera species inhabiting the Mediterranean region based on their morphology. The remarkable diversity of Mediterranean Hypoponera males and queens suggest that sexuals may have a role in future attempts to understand relationships within this genus, yet the number of species in which sexual castes are documented is still extremely reduced.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41966761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Population and Nesting Behaviour of Weaver Ants, Oecophylla smaragdina from Meghalaya, India 印度梅加拉亚织蚁Oecophylla smaragdina的种群和筑巢行为

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7204

Jonata Savio A Sangma, S. B. Prasad

{"title":"Population and Nesting Behaviour of Weaver Ants, Oecophylla smaragdina from Meghalaya, India","authors":"Jonata Savio A Sangma, S. B. Prasad","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7204","url":null,"abstract":"Weaver ants are known for their unique nest-building skills using leaves and larval-silk as a binding agent. The weaver ants, Oecophylla smaragdina are present in large numbers in the Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya. Ri-Bhoi district is a hot and humid place with 22 -30°C. This is the first study from this region to examine the nesting behavior along with the population of these ants from here. It was noted that they build nests in different types of trees but it is more abundant in needlewood trees (Schima wallichi) locally known as ‘diengngan.’ From the central trunk of the S. wallichi tree, the nearest distance of the nest is about 0.7 m and the farthest up to 3.4 m. The nests of O. smaragdina are somewhat round-oval and use leaves of different sizes ranging from 8-32 cm2. The nests are made at a height ranging from 4-25 m and their average nest size is about 9,483 cm3. They utilize about twenty leaves with a specific number of chambers to keep their broods, the queen, and food. The number of worker ants, pupae, and larvae are variable in different nests because of nest size, location/height of the nests, and the trees. When the nest population increases, they locate a new spot and build a satellite nest where they get the right amount of sunlight and shelter from predators and adverse environmental factors. These weaver ants are also used as medicine, food and fish bait by the indigenous people in Meghalaya.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49539312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Negative effects of ant-plant interaction on pollination: costs of a mutualism 蚂蚁与植物相互作用对授粉的负面影响：互惠共生的代价

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7259

R. R. Nogueira, D. F. B. Santos, E. Calixto, H. Torezan‐Silingardi, K. Del‐Claro

{"title":"Negative effects of ant-plant interaction on pollination: costs of a mutualism","authors":"R. R. Nogueira, D. F. B. Santos, E. Calixto, H. Torezan‐Silingardi, K. Del‐Claro","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7259","url":null,"abstract":"The mutualism of ants and extrafloral nectary (EFN)-bearing plants is known to reduce rates of herbivory. However, ants may have negative impacts on other mutualisms such as pollination, constituting an indirect cost of a facultative mutualism. For instance, when foraging on or close to reproductive plant parts ants might attack pollinators or inhibit their visits. We tested the hypothesis that ants on EFN-bearing plants may negatively influence pollinator behavior, ultimately reducing plant fitness (fruit set). The study was done in a reserve at Brazilian savannah using the EFN-bearing plant Banisteriopsis malifolia (Malpighiaceae). The experimental manipulation was carried out with four groups: control (free visitation of ants), without ants (ant-free branches), artificial ants (isolated branches with artificial ants on flowers) and plastic circles (isolated branches with plastic circles on flowers). We made observations on flower visitors and their interactions, and measured fruit formation as a proxy for plant fitness. Our results showed that pollinators hesitated to visit flowers with artificial ants, negatively affecting pollination, but did not hesitate to visit flowers with plastic circles, suggesting that they recognize the specific morphology of the ants. Pollinators spent more time per flower on the ant-free branches, and the fruiting rate was lower in the group with artificial ants. Our results confirm an indirect cost in this facultative mutualism, where the balance between these negative and positive effects of ants on EFN-bearing plants are not well known.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45880802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Coconut shell traps: easiest and economic way to attract stingless bees (Tetragonula iridipennis) Smith 椰壳陷阱:最简单和经济的方法来吸引无刺蜜蜂

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7220

A. Udayakumar, A. N. Shylesha, T. M. Shivalingaswamy

引用次数: 1

Dispersal of Phraortes illepidus (Phasmida: Phasmatidae) Eggs by Workers of the Queenless Ant, Pristomyrmex punctatus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) 无后蚁(膜翅目:蚁科)工蜂对无后蚁卵的散布

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7194

Y. Toyama, Izuru Kuroki, Keiji Nakamura

{"title":"Dispersal of Phraortes illepidus (Phasmida: Phasmatidae) Eggs by Workers of the Queenless Ant, Pristomyrmex punctatus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"Y. Toyama, Izuru Kuroki, Keiji Nakamura","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v68i4.7194","url":null,"abstract":"Eggs of some stick insects bear external appendages called capitula. Foraging worker ants attracted by capitula disperse eggs in a response similar to the responses of workers to elaiosome-bearing seeds of many plants. For this study, we conducted rearing experiments in the laboratory to elucidate the interspecific relation between the queenless ant, Pristomyrmex punctatus Smith, and the stick insect, Phraortes illepidus (Brunner von Wattenwyl) of which eggs bear capitula. Eggs of P. illepidus were proposed to P. punctatus in the laboratory. Capitula were removed from most of the eggs not only when ants were starved but also when ants were well-fed. In large rearing containers, eggs were transported by ants from their place of origin. Many eggs were transferred horizontally on the surface. Although some eggs were found in the artificial ant nests, it is likely that stick insects are not in active ant nests at the time of hatching in nature because of P. punctatus nest-moving habits. The percentage of eggs buried in the sand was small. Furthermore, most of the buried eggs were found at less than 3 cm depth. Results show that many P. illepidus hatchlings can reach host plants safely without being attacked by ant workers. These results suggest that P. punctatus can be a good partner of P. illepidus. Ants disperse eggs of slow-moving stink insects in exchange for some nutrition from capitula.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45229365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0