{"title":"Cooperativism as Contestation to Crypto-colonialism in Puerto Rico","authors":"Jillian Crandall, A. Vázquez","doi":"10.1215/00382876-9826046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9826046","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, blockchains and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) are posed to impact economic futures and urban governance. New forms of human settlement are emerging as a result of and in service to cryptocurrency, curiously concentrating in areas with colonial ties such as Latin America and the global South. Technologists and those who can pay them are largely driving these discourses and decisions forward, while regulators and regular citizens struggle to catch up. If the buzz around blockchain opens the power to dream new techno-economic futures, who has the power and privilege to dream? This paper explores the intersection of digital technology with alternative economic visions in Puerto Rico, using principles of commoning and cooperativism in contestation to venture capitalism, US imperialism, and new crypto-colonialism. We echo Hardt and Negri (2017: 111) in calling advocates for alternative economies to “immerse ourselves into the heart of technologies and attempt to make them our own against the forces of domination that deploy technologies against us.” The goals of this collaborative research are to inform more equitable tech policy legislation in Puerto Rico, to caution against potential co-optation and techno-fixes, and to establish frameworks for cooperative experimentation using digital technologies including DLTs.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79881196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Paradise Performs","authors":"José Atiles","doi":"10.1215/00382876-9826032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9826032","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops a sociolegal analysis of the legislation and tax policies implemented by the US and Puerto Rico (PR) governments to incentivize venture capitalists and cryptocurrency investors to relocate to PR. Specifically, the paper looks at the role that Act 60 of 2019 played in attracting blockchain proponents and cryptocurrency investors to PR. By analyzing this tax policy and the governmental official discourses, this paper demonstrates that the blockchain and cryptocurrency sectors have contributed to the transformation of PR into an offshore financial center or tax haven. Furthermore, the paper shows how grassroot movements, among them Abolish Act 60, have organized against this transformation. Thus, the paper demonstrates how the slogan “the paradise performs” is largely embedded in legal practices, tax evasion, and fraud.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"296 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78516157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Technical Fix","authors":"Eric Vázquez","doi":"10.4135/9781446215159.n833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446215159.n833","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines Bitcoin enthusiasts’ abstract and material arguments about the viability of bitcoin in El Salvador through historical and political-economic frameworks. In June 2021, with legislators in tow, President Nayib Bukele declared that the adoption of Bitcoin would encourage flows of capital into El Salvador’s crisis-addled economy—flows that would lift all boats. In a sense, riding on Bitcoin’s success or failure in El Salvador is a test-case for Bitcoin’s claim to be the future of money and for other such “technical fixes” of capitalism’s shortfalls in the developing world. By comparing Bukele’s move with El Salvador’s push to dollarize in 2001, this essay traces a comparable strategy of El Salvador’s economic and political elites where the swap of currencies becomes a vehicle for massive accumulation at the top, while popular classes suffer. Consequently, this essay argues that Bukele’s “technical fix” on his nation’s economy is a mere pretext. By leveraging the assets of the broader populace, he pursues the class interests of El Salvador’s new oligarchy.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81448329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New Aristocracy","authors":"Jack Jackson","doi":"10.1215/00382876-9663632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9663632","url":null,"abstract":"We are in a period when US legal thought is again opening up to renewed and sustained critiques of capitalism. This article situates this renaissance within both a longer history of political thought and the current political context in the United States. Drawing upon the observations of Alexis de Tocqueville, who argued that the rise of industry could lay the groundwork for a return to aristocracy, the article also considers how US jurisprudence since the early 1970s has proved Tocqueville somewhat prophetic. Today, we confront the accelerating rise of political wealth alongside the fall of the working classes into neofeudal labor practices—trajectories embedded in and abetted by decisions of the US Supreme Court.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87743466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"This Could Be Housing; or, What Is a Demand Anyway?","authors":"Amna A. Akbar","doi":"10.1215/00382876-9663590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9663590","url":null,"abstract":"Today’s left movements are rejecting neoliberalism and pivoting toward mass politics through an array of strategies and tactics. Struggles for reforms—or nonreformist reforms—loom large. This essay examines Occupy Wall Street, defund the police, and relations between the Green New Deal and the Red Deal as a way to contribute to critical thinking about demands in popular struggles from below and the left. The author’s aim is to push us toward a stickier vocabulary through which to think with today’s movements and their demands, as a way to participate in building popular understandings and struggles that have the potential to reconstitute the political, economic, and social.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88749495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decolonizing Legal Subjects in Climate Chaos","authors":"A. Harris","doi":"10.1215/00382876-9663660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9663660","url":null,"abstract":"The path of decolonization has always been difficult to walk, mazed as it is with contradictions and double binds, but the existential threat of climate change adds new urgency. This essay suggests that decolonial legal practice be organized around, not the struggle for new rights, but the struggle to imagine new legal subjects. Two types of legal-ontological work are described: rethinking the legal subjecthood of nonhuman entities, and rethinking the legal subjecthood of human collectivities. Although law schools have not yet recognized the urgency of this work, movements organized around “justice” are already leading the way.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91217646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Provocation as Strategy","authors":"D. Kennedy, Corinne Blalock","doi":"10.1215/00382876-9663674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9663674","url":null,"abstract":"In the fall of 2021, Corinne Blalock conducted a series of interviews with Duncan Kennedy, one of the founders of Critical Legal Studies (CLS). During these wide-ranging and at times unruly conversations, which have been edited for length and clarity, the themes that repeatedly emerged were questions of strategy and tactics in building the legal left, as well as the very different political moments in which CLS and the emerging Law and Political Economy movement are situated.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81945658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Conversation between Wendy Brown and Amy Kapczynski","authors":"W. Brown, A. Kapczynski","doi":"10.1215/00382876-9663576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9663576","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue of SAQ was convened to facilitate dialogue between critical scholars outside of the legal academy and a new wave of legal scholars focused on the critique of capitalism. The following conversation furthers that effort by bringing together two major scholars who demonstrate the stakes and importance of establishing and developing these intellectual connections. Amy Kapczynski is one of the founders of and most prominent voices in the Law and Political Economy (LPE) Project, whose work focuses on the political economy of the politics of care, informational capitalism, and health. Wendy Brown is a political theorist who, in addition to being a preeminent scholar of neoliberalism and democracy, is one of the central figures bringing the study of law into political theory.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91287445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Essentially Dispossessed","authors":"V. Dubal","doi":"10.1215/00382876-9663604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9663604","url":null,"abstract":"As the COVID-19 pandemic ravaged human bodies and economies across the world, millions of app-deployed drivers in the United States—primarily immigrants and subordinated racial minorities—faced a dangerous and perplexing paradox created by law. Simultaneously treated as independent contractors, excluded from economic security, and anointed as “essential workers,” these workers were both celebrated and disproportionately exposed to poverty, disease, and death. This essay makes sense of the legal and lived condition of being essentially dispossessed during this moment. The author argues that this cruel contradiction became possible through a mystification generated by the fragmented nature of work law. Together with obscuring narratives of techno-modernism, seven years of arbitrary legal outcomes made the central legal question (are they employees or independent contractors?) appear unresolvable. Activist-drivers confronted their relegation to being essentially dispossessed by using their situated knowledges about their jobs, work law, and bureaucratic processes to demand economic security through direct actions.","PeriodicalId":21946,"journal":{"name":"South Atlantic Quarterly","volume":"2009 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86247221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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