A. A. Al-Maswari, Sharafadeen A. Saleh, F. Al-Nozaily, M. Al-Abyadh
{"title":"Potential of Road Rainwater Harvesting in Yemen – Its Social, Environmental and Economic Benefits: A Case Study of Sana›a – Hodeida Road, Yemen","authors":"A. A. Al-Maswari, Sharafadeen A. Saleh, F. Al-Nozaily, M. Al-Abyadh","doi":"10.20428/jst.25.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jst.25.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000In Yemen, farmers and people living along the roads are suffering from the lack of utilization of rainwater runoff from road surface & surrounding area and road water structures. The objectives of this research is to optimize the benefits of Road Rainwater Harvesting (RRWH) to the beneficiaries during road design, construction and operation & maintenance; to suggest a technical outlines; to induce the awareness of road’s engineers on the importance of Integrated Water Harvesting Management (IWHM), in addition to discussing the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA). The research approach focused on conducting field visits and applying a reconnaissance survey to document the current and potential road rainwater structures along the pilot section of 24 km as part of Sana’a – Al-Hodiedah road between Al- Masajed village and Sooq Al-Aman; Designing and applying questionnaires and interviews for farmers & beneficiaries, and road engineers. The SPSS software program was used to analyze the collected data. From the conducted interviews along the road, it was revealed that almost all the stakeholders have land adjacent to the roadside, and their farms are irrigated from rainwater collected from road structures. All inhabitants considered water floods running from/on the road surface and structures as their rights, and it is distributed at the moment according to the field’s water rights which exist before the road construction. The research found that almost all farmers considered the water from roads as contaminated water. The source of contamination comes from residual oil on the road, diesel, oil from oil shops and suspended soil particles. On the other hand, according to the road engineer’s questionnaire, the concept of water harvesting, groundwater recharge and water for irrigation from road surface and road structures were not considered during design. In addition, the results obtained showed that water-harvesting techniques in the pilot road section is in the form of farmers’initiatives implemented by directing water to their farms for irrigation. The study conclude applying RRWH to protect the road sections from erosion and damage; increase the availability and utilization of water in the areas nearby roads; minimize the erosion of landscape especially in mountainous areas as well as in road embankments; improve the stabilization of the road slopes; and maintain esthetic value of landscape nearby roads. It is recommended that road drainage structure should be located in a proper place to avoid conflicts among farmers and fulfill their water rights. To avoid soil and water contamination by oil, grease and fuel from vehicles along the road, the research recommends that oil workshops should be implemented and forced to collect and recycle oil instead of disposing it on the road surface. RRWH is recommended to be applied to mitigate the damage of terraces during the heavy runoff. The study urges the joint efforts from all stakeho","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80585775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Poly(lactic acid)/chitosan foams prepared by conventional method: Mechanical properties, cytotoxicity and in-vitro degradation","authors":"Pasuta Sungsee, V. Tanrattanakul","doi":"10.14456/SJST-PSU.2020.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14456/SJST-PSU.2020.156","url":null,"abstract":"The present study evaluated the feasibility of using a conventionally prepared poly(lactic acid) (PLA) foam. A PLA foam was successfully prepared by compression molding. Azodicarbonamide was used as a chemical blowing agent. Chitosan was added as a bioactive material and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was added as a plasticizer for PLA. Chitosan promoted the plasticization effect of PEG. The combination of chitosan and PEG contributed the lowest Tg and Tcc of PLA. The plasticized PLA showed greater impact strength than PLA. All foams showed closed-cell morphologies with relatively large pores. Chitosan and PEG reduced pore size and the reduction in pore size was greater when both additives were combined. Cytotoxicity was determined from MG-63 cell proliferation on samples, and all foams showed non-cytotoxicity. The addition of chitosan and/or PEG decreased weight loss of PLA in in-vitro degradation tests. This work was preliminary work and more studies need to be done.","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"1207-1214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46194666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Jimoh, L. Oyewobi, N. Uthman, K. Ibrahim, A. Salawu
{"title":"Strategies for Engendering Health and Safety Culture in Construction Firms in Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"R. Jimoh, L. Oyewobi, N. Uthman, K. Ibrahim, A. Salawu","doi":"10.30880/jst.2020.12.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jst.2020.12.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"Many countries have put in place policies and legislation to reduce accidents and diseases on construction sites though having varied degree of comprehensiveness, the extent of implementation, will and capacity of enforcement. In spite of these efforts, it has been revealed that the increase in the rate of unsafe acts and rate of fatalities in the construction industry is significant due to poor safety culture. Hence, this study assessed the level of health and safety (H&S) culture in construction firms in Abuja by self-administering a total of 152 questionnaires on H&S issues to construction professionals. It included Builders, Quantity Surveyors, Architects, Civil Engineers, and Project Managers/supervisors who were involved in construction works. The data obtained were analysed using percentages and mean scores. It was discovered that despite the increasing growth in the construction firms in Nigeria, the H&S culture practice in construction firms is highly fragmented and poorly implemented. It is recommended among others that there should be high commitment from the top of organisations which will in turn produce higher level of motivation and commitment throughout the organisations.","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74689271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Land Use Land Cover Changes Using Remote Sensing Data and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) at an Urban Set up of Damaturu, Nigeria","authors":"K. K. Geidam, N. Adnan, Baba Alhaji Umar","doi":"10.30880/jst.2020.12.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jst.2020.12.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Change detection is useful in many applications related to land use and land cover change (LULCC), such as shifting cultivation and landscape changes. Land degradation and desertification. Remote sensing technology has been used for the detection of the changes in land use land cover in Damaturu town Nigeria. The main objectives of this research is to derive the land use/cover change map of Damaturu town from 1986 to 2017 and to quantify land use/ land cover change in the study area. Methodology employed while carry the research includes three satellites images for the year 1986, 1998 and 2017 were downloaded from USGS websites and used for detecting the land cover changes. Ground truth points were collected using google images and used for verification of image classifications. The accuracy of images classification was checked using ground truth point which showed the overall accuracy of 84.6% and a kappa coefficient of 0.89 which indicated that the method of classification was accurate. In the process of the research work, an increased was recorded in the built-up area which rose from 7.2% to 22.0%, open space increased from 10.8 to 22.8%, vegetation from 4.0% to 9.7%, water bodies from 0.0% to 0.1% while agricultural land decreased from 78% to 45.4% due to increase in interest of building as a result of the expansion of the town. The study arrived at the conclusion that there has been a significant land use change due to increase in population and development interest in built up areas which resulted in increased of amount of agricultural land being converted to build up areas over the period of 31 years.","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74564776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Anisaldehyde as Corrosion Inhibitor for Aluminium in Sulphuric Acid Solution","authors":"M. Husaini","doi":"10.30880/jst.2020.12.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jst.2020.12.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibition effect of anisaldehyde on the corrosion of aluminium in sulphuric acid was investigated by weight loss method and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses. The effect of different inhibitor concentrations was studied at varying temperature (308, 313 and 318 K). It was found that the percentage of inhibition efficiency (% I.E.) increases with increase of inhibitor concentration and decreases with increase in temperature. The values of activation energy and half-life were found to be higher in inhibited acid solution compared to uninhibited acid solution, while that for the rate constant reduced from uninhibited to inhibited acid solution. The negative values of Gibbs free energy of adsorption confirmed the spontaneity of the process. Other thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy and entropy were also evaluated and discussed. The investigation of adsorption isotherm model indicates that the inhibitor fitted to Langmuir isotherm model. Result of SEM analysis shows how the inhibitor reduced the acid attack on the aluminium surface, and FTIR analysis result of the corrosion product proves the formation of thin layer of inhibitor molecules on aluminium surface.","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73696896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nghiên cứu tổng hợp vật liệu LDHs Ca-Al và tối ưu hóa khả năng hấp phụ Congo Red bằng phương pháp bề mặt đáp ứng (RSM)","authors":"Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm, Nguyễn Duy Trinh","doi":"10.55401/jst.v3i3.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55401/jst.v3i3.104","url":null,"abstract":"Trong nghiên cứu này, vật liệu Ca-Al LDHs được tổng hợp bằng phương pháp thủy nhiệt. Phương pháp bề mặt đáp ứng (RSM) được sử dụng để tối ưu hóa các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến khả năng hấp phụ Congo Red (CR): nồng độ dung dịch CR, pH dung dịch và thời gian phản ứng. Kết quả chỉ ra, tại nồng độ dung dịch CR 54,3 mg/L, pH 5.9, thời gian phản ứng 104 phút, dung lượng CR hấp phụ tối ưu đạt 68,58 mg/g. Những kết quả này chỉ ra Ca-Al LDHs là vật liệu hấp phụ tiềm năng trong xử lí nước thải chứa chất màu hữu cơ.","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"263 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76583995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nguyễn Thị Kỳ Duyên, Nguyễn Trần Hưng Yên, Nguyễn Thị Thùy Trang, Nguyễn Linh Việt, Nguyễn Đức Hạnh
{"title":"Khảo sát thành phần hóa thực vật và độc tính cấp của cao chiết lá Sa kê (Artocarpus altilis Moraceae)","authors":"Nguyễn Thị Kỳ Duyên, Nguyễn Trần Hưng Yên, Nguyễn Thị Thùy Trang, Nguyễn Linh Việt, Nguyễn Đức Hạnh","doi":"10.55401/jst.v3i3.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55401/jst.v3i3.118","url":null,"abstract":"Lá cây Sa kê có rất nhiều tác dụng trong y học cổ truyền như: trị đái tháo đường, trị gout, xơ vữa động mạch, chống lo âu… Đề tài này được thực hiện với mục tiêu khảo sát sơ bộ thành phần hóa thực vật, độc tính cấp của cao chiết lá Sa kê Artocarpus altilis Moraceae nhằm định hướng cho các nghiên cứu tiếp theo về tác động dược lí của dược liệu này. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Đối tượng:Lá bánh tẻ Sa kê (Artocarpus altilis Moraceae) thu hái tại tỉnh Ninh Thuận. Phương pháp nghiên cứu:Chiết lá Sa kê bằng phương pháp chiết nóng. Khảo sát sơ bộ thành phần hóa thực vật có trong lá và cao lá Sa kê bằng phương pháp Ciuley. Độc tính cấp được xác định theo phương pháp của Đỗ Trung Đàm [8]. Kết quả:Xác định được hợp chất trong cao chiết: flavonoid, triterpenoid, polyphenol, hợp chất polyuronic. Cao chiết chưa thấy biểu hiện độc tính trên chuột thử nghiệm với liều Dmax (166,040g/kg). Kết luận:Lá Sa kê và cao đặc lá Sa kê có thành phần hóa học: flavonoid, triterpenoid, polyphenol, hợp chất polyuronic, chưa thấy biểu hiện độc tính trên chuột thử nghiệm với liều Dmax (166,040g/kg).","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"47 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84528787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tổng hợp para-menthan-3,8-diol từ citronellal theo cơ chế Prins","authors":"Phan Tấn Phát, Phan Thị Thanh Thủy","doi":"10.55401/jst.v3i3.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55401/jst.v3i3.122","url":null,"abstract":"Para-menthan-3,8-diol (PMD) là hoạt chất có khả năng xua đuổi muỗi với hiệu quả cao đã được chứng minh, tuy nhiên vẫn chưa phổ biến ở Việt Nam. Việc nghiên cứu tổng hợp PMD tại Việt Nam góp phần phát triển sản phẩm chứa PMD, đa dạng hóa sản phẩm trên thị trường và góp phần ngăn chặn sự lây lan các bệnh truyền nhiễm từ muỗi. Áp dụng tổng hợp PMD theo cơ chế phản ứng Prins thay đổi các điều kiện tổng hợp bao gồm lượng acid sử dụng, nồng độ acid sử dụng, nhiệt độ, thời gian phản ứng và chọn điều kiện tối ưu tổng hợp PMD. Kết quả đã tổng hợp và tinh chế para-menthan-3,8-diol trong điều kiện ở Việt Nam (hiệu suất khoảng 61%) với các thông số tối ưu được đề xuất bao gồm nhiệt độ phản ứng ở 500C, nồng độ acid sulfuric 0,25%, lượng dung dịch acid / lượng citronellal = 40 / 1 và thực hiện trong khoảng thời gian 6 giờ. Đồng thời nghiên cứu cũng tách được 2 đồng phân cis và trans PMD bằng phương pháp sắc kí cột và được xác định cấu trúc bằng phổ hồng ngoại (IR) và cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân (NMR).","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87711074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tổng hợp sợi nano carbon phủ dây nano xúc tác PtSn nhằm tăng cường hiệu quả điện hóa của điện cực cathode trong pin Li-O2","authors":"Phan Ngọc Hân, Bùi Trung Hiếu","doi":"10.55401/jst.v3i3.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55401/jst.v3i3.106","url":null,"abstract":"Tấm điện cực được cấu tạo từ các sợi nano carbon phủ dây nano xúc tác PtSn trên bề mặt (CNF@PtSn NWs) đã được tổng hợp bằng phương pháp electrospinning kết hợp với khử dung dịch, ứng dụng làm điện cực cathode cho pin lithium‒oxygen (Li‒O2). Sở hữu các lỗ xốp lớn liên kết với nhau và diện tích bề mặt lớn, điện cực CNF tích trữ dung lượng riêng khoảng 2001 mAh/gc tại mật độ dòng 500 mA/gc. Với sự có mặt của dây nano xúc tác PtSn (PtSn NWs), pin Li–O2 sử dụng điện cực cathode CNF@PtSn NWs thể hiện hiệu quả điện hóa cao hơn đáng kể với dung lượng riêng tăng lên 4340 mAh/gc tại 500 mA/gc. Nghiên cứu đã chứng minh được rằng, PtSn NWs dẫn đến hình thành Li2O2nghèo tinh thể, giúp làm giảm sự quá thể cho cả quá trình xả và nạp. Đặc tính này cũng giúp kéo dài tuổi thọ của pin Li–O2 sử dụng điện cực cathode CNF@PtSn NWs (165 vòng) so với pin Li–O2 sử dụng điện cực CNF (73 vòng) tại dung lượng giới hạn 1000 mAh/gc và mật độ dòng 500 mA/gc.","PeriodicalId":21913,"journal":{"name":"Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79218294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}