Stem Cell Research & Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Cell-free fat extract prevents diminished ovarian reserve by inhibiting granulosa cell senescence.","authors":"Mengyu Liu, Hanfei Zhu, Xiaowei Zhou, Jingru Duan, Yuhong Shen, Aijun Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04383-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04383-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Age-related diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) leads to declining fertility, miscarriage, and systemic health issues. Cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) has demonstrated therapeutic effects in various tissues. In our previous study, CEFFE successfully improved ovarian function in mice without adverse effects; however whether it can prevent DOR remains unclear. This study aimed to determine if early intervention with CEFFE can delay DOR and extend reproductive lifespan, exploring its potential as a novel clinical approach for women with DOR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The mice in the Prophylactic group received tail vein injections of 200 μL of CEFFE per mouse every 3 days for three months; the Control group were administered an equivalent volume of saline injections. Post-treatment outcomes assessed included body weight, ovarian weight, follicle count, embryo quality, production rates, and levels of serum hormones. Safety was evaluated via organ weights and hematoxylin and eosin staining in parents and offspring. The impact of CEFFE on cell proliferation, hormone synthesis, oxidative stress, and senescence was assessed via Cell counting Kit-8 assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR, 1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-5,5',6,6'-tetrachloroimidacarbocyanine iodide and Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the Control group, CEFFE treatment effectively preserved ovarian function in aging mice, improving ovarian weight, hormone levels, and follicular development, and reduced follicular atresia. CEFFE treatment enhanced embryo quality and development, induced a higher pregnancy rate, reduced the number of abnormal pregnancies, and increased the litter size and the number of live births. CEFFE demonstrated favorable safety in the Prophylactic group and their offspring, with no significant adverse effects on organ morphology or coefficients, except for increased liver weight in treated mice. Transcriptomic analysis suggested CEFFE influences cell proliferation, hormone response, and oxidative stress pathways in ovarian granulosa cells, which was verified in primary mouse granulosa cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that CEFFE pre-treatment alleviated the phenotype of Control mice by inhibiting oxidative stress, promoting proliferation, and enhancing hormone secretion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early prophylactic administration of CEFFE in adult mice can prevent DOR and extend their reproductive lifespan by inhibiting granulosa cell senescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"269"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the dynamic drivers: phase separation's pivotal role in stem cell biology and therapeutic potential.","authors":"Pei Lin, Yunfan Lin, Ye Lu, Xu Chen, Zihao Zhou, Xinyuan Zhao, Li Cui","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04403-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04403-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phase separation is fundamental for cellular organization and function, profoundly impacting a range of biological processes from gene expression to cellular signaling pathways, pivotal in stem cell biology. This review explores the primary types of phase separation and their mechanisms, emphasizing how phase separation is integral to maintaining cellular integrity and its significant implications for disease progression. It elaborates on current insights into how phase separation influences stem cell biology, discussing the challenges in translating these insights into practical applications. These challenges stem from the complex dynamics of phase separation, the need for advanced imaging techniques, and the necessity for real-time, in situ analysis within living systems. Addressing these challenges through innovative methodologies and gaining a deeper understanding of the molecular interactions that govern phase separation in stem cells are essential for developing precise, targeted therapies. Ultimately, advancing our understanding of phase separation could transform stem cell-based therapeutic approaches, opening up novel strategies for disease treatment and advancements in regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"266"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell administration combined with educational intervention in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: a randomized, open-label, controlled phase II clinical trial.","authors":"Liem Thanh Nguyen, Phuong Mai Nguyen, Hoang-Phuong Nguyen, Hau Thi Bui, Lan Thi Mai Dao, Minh Van Pham, Chi Khanh Hoang, Phuong Thi Nguyen, Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen, Anh Thi Phuong Nguyen, Van Thi Hoang, Hoa Thi Phuong Bui, Ngan Kim Vuong, Doan Van Ngo","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04404-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04404-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluated the effectiveness of intrathecal autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMNC) therapy combined with education compared with education alone for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-four children with ASD, aged three to seven years, were randomly assigned to two groups. Fifty patients completed the study (25 patients per group). The cell therapy (CT) group received two BMMNC infusions six months apart along with an educational intervention, while the control group received education only. Efficacy outcomes were assessed at baseline, two, six, and 12 months, based on: (1) changes in ASD severity evaluated through the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scale scores and (2) improvements in social interaction, adaptive behavior, and daily living skills measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-II) and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 months, the CT group presented a 48.0% reduction in individuals classified at the most severe DSM-5 level compared with 8.0% in the control group (p = 0.004). The CARS scores were significantly lower in the CT group (-5.9 points) than in the control group (-1.5 points) (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the CT group exhibited greater improvement in CGI-S scores (-1.5 points) than did the control group (-0.1 points) (p < 0.0001). The VABS-II scores increased by 8.5 points in the CT group versus 1.4 points in the control group (p < 0.0001). Finally, the CGI-I scores improved from 2.8 to 2.0 in the CT group but worsened from 3.0 to 3.5 in the control group (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intrathecal BMMNC combined with an educational intervention improved disease severity and adaptability more than education alone in children with ASD.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05307536. Date registered 12 February 2022. http://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05307536 .</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"268"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mechanism of telomerase Cajal body protein 1 regulating senescence of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.","authors":"Shu-Qian Lin, Nini Tian, Xiang Yao, Xing-Hua Pan, Zi-An Li, Qiang Wang, Jin Gao, Xi-Long Zhao, Guang-Ping Ruan","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04406-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04406-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The regulatory ability of bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) to chemokines and inflammatory factors has a significant effect in a variety of diseases. It is very important to delay the aging of BMSC and restore the function of aging BMSC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mouse BMSC was prepared and identified. TCAB1 gene interference (Sh-TCAB1), interference control (Sh-NC), overexpression (OE-TCAB1) and overexpression control (OE-NC) stable cell lines of BMSC were established, and the relationship between TCAB1 expression and senescence of BMSC cells was analyzed. Transcriptome high-throughput sequencing was performed to further analyze the mechanism of TCAB1 in BMSC aging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The phenotype of BMSC was normal by flow cytometry, and the cultured cells were identified as BMSC by osteogenic lipogenic differentiation staining. The fluorescence transfection efficiency of TCAB1-interfered and overexpressed stable strain was 90%, and the stable strain of interfered and overexpressed TCAB1 gene was successfully constructed. Overexpression of TCAB1 inhibits BMSC senescence, and TCAB1 interferes with and accelerates BMSC senescence. Transcriptome sequencing results show that TCAB1 can regulate signaling pathways related to BMSC metabolism and cell cycle to play an anti-BMSC senescence role.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transcriptome sequencing suggests that the mechanism of TCAB1 inhibiting BMSC senescence is related to cell cycle and metabolic process, and exerts anti-BMSC senescence function by regulating the expression of key factors Slc2a1 and Egln3. This study confirmed that the expression of TCAB1 is closely related to the senescence of BMSC through molecular level, which provides a new technique for the clinical treatment of cell senescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"267"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IFN-α and vitamin B6-induced galectin-9 promotes the immunomodulatory function of human clonal mesenchymal stem cells.","authors":"Jee-Hoon Nam, Jeong Hyun Moon, Byeol Choi, Geun-Hyung Kang, Yunok Park, Se-Yeon Park, Tae-Hyun Ko, Donghee Shin, YoungSu Jung, Si-Na Kim, Yun-Kyoung Cho, Myung-Shin Jeon","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04394-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04394-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess a variety of immunomodulatory functions that can vary depending on the MSC line. Investigating priming strategies is essential for increasing the immunomodulatory potential of MSCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human clonal MSCs (cMSCs) were primed with TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IFN-α, and vitamin B6. Their immunomodulatory functions, including T-cell proliferation and cytokine production, were analyzed. The primed cMSCs were injected intravenously into a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced atopic dermatitis (AD), and their therapeutic effects were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified IFN-α and vitamin B6 as promising priming agents when they are combined with TNF-α and IFN-γ. The primed cMSCs showed expression of galectin-9 (Gal-9), IL-1Ra, and PDL-1. Gal-9 facilitates the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and apoptosis. Treatment with primed cMSCs significantly alleviated pathological changes in an AD mouse model. Notable improvements included a reduction in epidermal thickness (p  < 0.05), a decreased number of mast cells and eosinophils in the dermis (p  < 0.01), restored expression of claudin-1 in the epidermis (p  < 0.0001), and lower serum levels of IgE (p  < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This novel combination of priming factors significantly promotes the immunomodulatory functions of cMSCs by inducing Gal-9. Consequently, Gal-9 may serve as an excellent biomarker for screening primed cMSCs for their immunomodulatory capabilities, facilitating a more accurate assessment of their therapeutic effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"270"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles in age-related diseases: disease pathogenesis, intervention, and biomarker.","authors":"Puan Haliza Lintang Putri, Samira Husen Alamudi, Xuan Dong, Ying Fu","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04374-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13287-025-04374-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is a multifactorial biological process characterized by the irreversible accumulation of molecular damage, leading to an increased risk of age-related diseases. With the global prominent rise in aging populations, elucidating the mechanisms underlying the aging process and developing strategies to combat age-related diseases have become a pressing priority. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained significant attention due to their role in intercellular communication. EVs are known for their ability to deliver biocargoes, such as miRNA, proteins, and lipids, implicating their involvement in disease pathogenesis and intervention. In this review article, we explore the dual role of EVs in age-related diseases: contributing to the pathogenesis of diseases by transferring deleterious molecules, while also offering therapeutic ability by transferring beneficial molecules. We also highlight the application of EVs as biomarkers for early diagnosis of age-related diseases, paving the way for early intervention and precision medicine. Additionally, we discuss how analysing the composition of EVs cargo can provide insights into disease progression. Finally, we address the challenges and future perspectives of EV-based-therapy in clinical translation, including standardization of EVs isolation methods and improving cargo specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"263"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation mitigates pulmonary vascular remodeling but poses dose related risks in a pulmonary veno-occlusive disease model.","authors":"Junko Katagiri, Jun Homma, Ryo Takagi, Hidekazu Sekine, Takeshi Shinkawa, Hiroshi Niinami, Tatsuya Shimizu","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04400-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13287-025-04400-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare subtype of disease that causes pulmonary hypertension with vascular involvement of postcapillary structures of pulmonary vasculature. The disease has a poor prognosis with no effective therapy. The study aimed to determine whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) alleviate pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy in a rat model of PVOD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Allogeneic ASCs were intravenously administered to a rat model of PVOD induced by mitomycin C. Then, muscularization in pulmonary microvessels, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and right ventricular hypertrophy were assessed using immunohistochemistry, right heart catheterization, heart weight, and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Body weight over time and survival rates were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ASC transplantation substantially contributed to the reduction of pulmonary microvascular muscularization in the PVOD rat model but not to the decrease in RVSP. Furthermore, it led to the attenuation of right ventricular hypertrophy and a considerable decrease in wall thickness. However, repeated ASC administration increased the mortality rate in the PVOD rat models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the effects of ASC transplantation in a rat model of PVOD. While intravenous ASC transplantation exerts beneficial effects on the lungs and right ventricle, adverse events may occur depending on the administration method. Therefore, intravenous ASC transplantation should be performed with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"258"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research landscape and trends of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes.","authors":"Desheng Chen, Zeping Chen, Jiabin Yuan, Guanzi Chen, Yutao Chen, Kaiming He, Yongwei Hu, Linsen Ye, Yang Yang","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04379-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13287-025-04379-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exos) have gained significant attention for their potential in cellular regeneration and functional rehabilitation. Nevertheless, the rapid expansion of research in this field makes it challenging for emerging trends and strategic priorities, potentially impeding scientific advancement. This study employs bibliometric analysis to systematically evaluate the research landscape and highlight pivotal research trajectories of hUCMSC-Exos.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publications on hUCMSC-Exos from 2012 to 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Quantitative bibliometric analysis was implemented through integrated utilization of VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix analytical tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>China and its institutions led global publication output, with Qian Hui from Jiangsu University identified as the most prolific author. STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY emerged as a high-impact journal in this domain. Current research predominantly focuses on immunomodulation, regenerative medicine, pharmaceutical delivery systems, and clinical model development. Future research directions are expected to explore angiogenesis, spinal cord injury, and immunomodulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study maps the evolving landscape of hUCMSC-Exos research, emphasizing its applications in regenerative medicine. By synthesizing current and emerging paradigms, these findings provide insights into therapeutic potential, novel mechanisms, and pathways for clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loading tea polyphenols enhances the repair of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell sheet after spinal cord injury.","authors":"Yulin Zhao, Cong Ye, Heng Wang, Cheng Chen, Yang Lu, Changwei Yang, Tao Xu, Yuchen Zhou, Zhengchao Wu, Xianrui Song, Zhenyang Zhu, Zongze Yang, Xiaoqing Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04376-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13287-025-04376-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating central nervous system disorder that remains a global health challenge. SCI-induced oxidative stress in the postinjury microenvironment limits tissue repair by provoking the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Tea polyphenols (TP), as a natural plant polyphenol, could effectively reduce ROS. In recent years, stem cell-based therapy combined with cell sheet technology has been widely used in the treatment of SCI. Therefore, we constructed human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell sheet loaded with TP (CS-TP) and evaluated their therapeutic effects and mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo in SCI rats.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell sheet (CS) were prepared by temperature-responsive cell culture method and successfully loaded with TP. The protective effect of CS and CS-TP on cells against oxidative stress was tested by Live/Dead cell staining and CCK-8 assay. CS and CS-TP were co-cultured with PC12 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), respectively, and their effects on reducing ROS production were evaluated using flow cytometry and ROS fluorescence assays. Immune fluorescence (IF) and Western blot analysis of the mechanism by which CS-TP affects PC12 cells and HUVECs in vitro. Wound healing assay, transwell Chamber invasion experiment and tube formation assay were performed to evaluate the effects of CS and CS-TP on the biological behaviors of HUVECs. (Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan) BBB scores and gait analysis were performed to assess the recovery of motor function in rats. Molecular modeling is used to study the affinity between the main active ingredient epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in TP and target proteins. Western blot analyzes the mechanism of action of CS and CS-TP in SCI animals and the expression levels of antioxidant proteins. Tissue IF staining was used to evaluate angiogenesis, neuron regeneration and axonal extension.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with CS, CS-TP could effectively reduce cellular ROS production and increase cell viability under high oxidative stress conditions and significantly enhance its biological activity. In vitro, CS-TP can significantly activate the Keap-1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, thereby affecting PC12 cells and HUVECs. After transplantation in SCI rats, CS-TP also activates the Keap-1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, influencing the repair of SCI and upregulating the expression of SOD1 and SOD2. CS-TP can more effectively promote angiogenesis, neuronal regeneration, and axonal extension in injured spinal cords, greatly improving the motor function of the rats.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;CS-TP not only significantly enhances the resistance of CS to ROS, activates the Keap-1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and regulates the level of antioxidant proteins in the body. Compared to CS, it can also more effectively increase the number of new blood vessels, promote neuron regene","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"264"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of induced pluripotent stem cells in the conservation of endangered animals.","authors":"Jiao Lou, Weina Li, Panlong Chen, Haiyan Chen, Amna Shakoor, Yunlong Chen, Jinlian Hua, Yan Wang, Shiqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13287-025-04392-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13287-025-04392-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accelerating biodiversity crisis urgently demands innovative approaches that transcend traditional conservation strategies, which are often constrained by genetic bottlenecks and disease risks. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology emerges as a transformative solution, enabling non-invasive genetic preservation and multi-pathway species recovery. This review synthesizes advances in reprogramming somatic cells from endangered species into iPSCs through integration-free strategies, such as mRNA, Sendai virus, episomal systems, adenoviruses and chemical induction, thereby reducing genomic instability. We highlight breakthroughs in differentiating iPSCs into functional gametes for assisted reproduction and blastoids formation for embryonic reconstruction, circumventing donor oocyte dependency and genetic homogeneity risks. Despite challenges in lineage specification and epigenetic fidelity, combining iPSC biobanking with ecosystem management enables large-scale genetic rescue. By combining these technologies with ethical frameworks and habitat restoration, the plasticity of cells may be transformed into population resilience, potentially redefining biodiversity conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21876,"journal":{"name":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"261"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}