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Cumulative Impact of Crop Stand and Foliar Urea on Traits of Importance in Sunflower (Helianthus AnnusL.) 作物林分和叶面尿素对向日葵重要性状的累积影响
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/Surj/2017.12.69
M. Panhwar, N. Ain, Z. Lashari, A. R. Jamali, R. Suhag, N. A. Abro
{"title":"Cumulative Impact of Crop Stand and Foliar Urea on Traits of Importance in Sunflower (Helianthus AnnusL.)","authors":"M. Panhwar, N. Ain, Z. Lashari, A. R. Jamali, R. Suhag, N. A. Abro","doi":"10.26692/Surj/2017.12.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/Surj/2017.12.69","url":null,"abstract":"In order to assess the cumulative impact of crop stand and foliar urea on sunflower, the experiment was conducted during 2016 (spring). Six treatments were formed with various ha-1 plant populations such as: T1=44289 ha-1 (75×30cm=Control), T2=29526 (75×45cm+foliar urea at development of leaves), T3=36852 (60×45cm+foliar urea at development of flower bud), T4=49284 (45×45cm+foliar urea at flowering completion), T5=55278 (60×30cm+foliar ureaat seed initiation) and T6=73926 (45×30cm+foliar ureaat seed development/maturity). The crop stand and foliar N (urea) application treatments showed remarkable (P<0.05) impact on traits contributing crop growth and yield. On the basis of seed yield ha-1, sunflower sowing in row × plant distance of 60×30cm row× plant distance with 55278 plant population + foliar urea(at seed initiation) showed most promising results grew plants upto166.5cm height having 6.8cm thick stems with more leaves (15.6 plant-1) and bigger seed heads (18.1cm) as well as more (1408.7) and heavier (60.5g) seeds head-1.The seed index was also higher (53.0g) in this treatment leading maximum yields (2181.7kg ha-1) and determined highest oil content (40.1%). Sunflower sown under T6, T4, T1, T3 and T2 ranked 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th in overall yield performance. Generally the crop under wider plant distances with lower per ha-1 populations of 29526 and 36852 showed better growth, but decrease in plant population caused reduction in seed yield; while 60×30cm row × plant distance providing ha-1 plant population of 55278 produced economically higher seed yield when given foliar applied urea at seed initiation.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"117 1","pages":"843-848"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87618527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study for Darcy-Brinkman model connected Oldroyd–B Constitutive Model related with Solutions of Velocity of Viscoelastic Fluid Flow in a circular Pipe filled with Porous Media 含多孔介质圆管内粘弹性流体流动速度解的Darcy-Brinkman模型与Oldroyd-B本构模型关联研究
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/Surj/2017.12.53
G. Q. Memon, A. W. Shaikh
{"title":"Study for Darcy-Brinkman model connected Oldroyd–B Constitutive Model related with Solutions of Velocity of Viscoelastic Fluid Flow in a circular Pipe filled with Porous Media","authors":"G. Q. Memon, A. W. Shaikh","doi":"10.26692/Surj/2017.12.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/Surj/2017.12.53","url":null,"abstract":"The basic purpose of this research paper is to investigate the solution of velocity of viscoelastic fluid flow with Porous media in a circular pipe to use the Lei- group technique to the system of PDE’s comprising the continuity, momentum and constitutive; equations, under appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The associated problem is organized by using the Darcy-Brinkman model connected with Oldroyd–B constitutive model. The investigation is arranged through analytical solutions of the PDE’s system connected with initial and boundary value problem. The analytical solution is established under the symmetries for the system through Lie group method.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"753-760"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81018267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fibre Traits Analysis for Different Planting Times Under Diverse Incidence Levels of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease 棉花卷曲病不同发病水平下不同种植期纤维性状分析
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.39
Danish Iqbal, A. Farooq, M. Sarwar, K. Hussain, M. A. Mian, A. Hussain, K. Ahmad
{"title":"Fibre Traits Analysis for Different Planting Times Under Diverse Incidence Levels of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease","authors":"Danish Iqbal, A. Farooq, M. Sarwar, K. Hussain, M. A. Mian, A. Hussain, K. Ahmad","doi":"10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.39","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), is a serious threat in core cotton growing areas of Punjab (Pakistan), resulting in reduction of ginning out turn (GOT%) and deteriorating cotton fibre quality to a great extent, by comparing healthy and CLCuD infected plants was found. Abiotic & biotic factors such as white fly infestation, temperature and planting time effect cotton leaf curl disease epidemiology. The results showed that the physical properties viz; GOT %, was decreased significantly up to 11.03% and minimum decline was 0.51%. The maximum fibre length, was reduced 9.41% on 1st May sowing. The minimum value 78.5 of uniformity index (U.I%) was recorded on 15th March planting and a reduction of 9.02% in fibre strength and coarser micronaire value of -12.5 % due to CLCuD infestation for 15th March planting was witnessed.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"679-684"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79489425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modified Free Derivative Open Method for Solving Non-Linear Equations 求解非线性方程的修正自由导数开放法
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.65
U. K. Qureshi, A. A. Shaikh, M. A. Solangi
{"title":"Modified Free Derivative Open Method for Solving Non-Linear Equations","authors":"U. K. Qureshi, A. A. Shaikh, M. A. Solangi","doi":"10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.65","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a free derivative open method has been developed to find the root of nonlinear equations. Throughout the study it has been observed that developed algorithm is superior to all existing root location methods in term of iteration as well as accuracy viewpoint. Couple of numerical examples related with algebraic and transcendental functions are existing in this paper to analysis the order of efficiency of develop method. C++ and EXCELL are used to justify the results and graphical representation of proposed method. It has been observed from the results and comparison of proposed method is that the Modified Free Derivative Open Method is better than existing root location methods.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"821-824"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75254404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Petrographic Studies of the Vihowa Formation, Sulaiman Range, Pakistan: Implications for Provenance 巴基斯坦苏莱曼山脉维霍瓦组岩石学研究:物源意义
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/Surj/2017.12.68
K. Mirani, M. H. Agheem, S. H. Solangi, H. Dars, A. G. Sahito
{"title":"Petrographic Studies of the Vihowa Formation, Sulaiman Range, Pakistan: Implications for Provenance","authors":"K. Mirani, M. H. Agheem, S. H. Solangi, H. Dars, A. G. Sahito","doi":"10.26692/Surj/2017.12.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/Surj/2017.12.68","url":null,"abstract":"The Vihowa Formation of late to early Miocene is investigated for mineral composition and petrographic characteristics to understand the provenance, diagenesis and depositional environments. Ten representative sandstone samples were collected from various lithological units for petrographic studies. Petrographic results show that the quartz is a major constituent; while the accessory minerals are chlorite, chamosite, palagonite, sphalerite, staurolite, aragonite, hypersthene, glaucophane, monazite, kyanite, epidote, olivine, rutile, ilmenite, hematite, magnetite, zircon, tourmaline and garnet. The tourmaline and rutile showing an igneous source however, the presence of epidote, staurolite and garnet expresses a metamorphic source for studied sandstones. The sandstone is medium to coarse grained having grains dominantly from the meta-sedimentary rocks whereas minor amount of grains from igneous rocks is also observed. Monocrystalline quartz is present in sands derived either from gneiss or granitic rocks, but polycrystalline quartz are from slate and schist. The inclusion of mica and garnet within quartz is observed which indicates a metamorphic source. On the QFL triangular diagram the sandstone of Vihowa Formation is mainly sub-lithic arenite and partly quartz arenite. The Qm-P-K plots indicate that feldspar and quartz are from granitic rocks along with small amount from metamorphic and volcanic rocks. The provenance of sandstone indicates that sediments were mostly deposited by transitional recycled orogeny and mixed magmatic subduction complex.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"835-842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76299213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Morphological Study of some Mushroom species distributed in District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan 巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省查尔萨达地区几种蘑菇的形态研究
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.52
Tabassum Yaseen, M. Shakeel, G. Nawaz
{"title":"Morphological Study of some Mushroom species distributed in District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan","authors":"Tabassum Yaseen, M. Shakeel, G. Nawaz","doi":"10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.52","url":null,"abstract":"The morphological study of Mushrooms found in District Charsadda have been ignored in past. The survey was arranged during 2014-15 in 4 sites of District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province, Pakistan named, Islamabad no1, Hisara Yaseenzai, Shulgara, and Turangzai. Twenty three mushrooms belonging to 12 families were identified from District Charsadda. Among the selected mushrooms spp. Agaricaceaeh as the dominant genus (25%) while Mycenaceae (10%) as second major family represented by 2 species, Polyporaceae (10%) having 2 specieswhile Hymenogastraceae, Pleurotaceae, Strophariaceae, Merullaceae, Lepiotaceae, Ganodermataceae, Bolbitaceae, Cantheralaceae, Psathyrellaceae and Marasmiaceae having 1 spp each (5%). The present study also show a sharp differences in habit and habitat. Morphological surveys demonstrate that some spp..are edible while some are non-edible. This study provides important information about mushrooms morphology and their species richness in different locations of District Charsadda which may be useful for future research work on mushrooms.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"747-752"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84221805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Periodic Measurements of CO2 Emission Dynamics from Wheat Straw and It’s Biochar Added to Soil 小麦秸秆及其生物炭对土壤CO2排放动态的周期性测量
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.60
S. Abro, M. A. Gadehi, M. H. Odhano, M. W. Kalro, S. Mallah, G. S. Unar, A. A. Abro, S. Memon
{"title":"Periodic Measurements of CO2 Emission Dynamics from Wheat Straw and It’s Biochar Added to Soil","authors":"S. Abro, M. A. Gadehi, M. H. Odhano, M. W. Kalro, S. Mallah, G. S. Unar, A. A. Abro, S. Memon","doi":"10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.60","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the effects of direct incorporation of wheat straw (WS) and its biochar (WB) into loess soil a short-term laboratory incubation experiment was conducted. The purpose was to observe the comparative effects of (WS) and (WB) on carbon mineralization, CO2 emission trends, cumulative production and Carbon C sequestration (Cseq). The (WS) and (WB) were applied four rates each at (0, 5, 10, 15 g/kg soil). The results revealed that wheat straw significantly increased CO2 emission rates and cumulative contrary to that biochar produced from the wheat straw decreased CO2 emissions. Moreover, only 1.3% of added Biochar C was respired where as 36% of added wheat straw C was decomposed. Wheat straw had high amount of labile C that enhanced greenhouse gas (GHG-C) and decreased Cseq. In contrast, (WB) had recalcitrant C that is why decreased (GHG-C) and increased Cseq. Therefore, it can be concluded that (WB) was very stable C source and could be better strategy to mitigate GHG-C emissions and sequester C in soils for long-term sustainability","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"39 20","pages":"797-800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91436614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seasonal Variations in Length-Weight Relationship of Oreochromis niloticus in Keenjhar Lake, Sindh-Pakistan 巴基斯坦Keenjhar湖尼罗河Oreochromis niloticus长重关系的季节变化
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/Surj/2017.12.59
A. Batool, S. Farooq, A. A. Muhammad, A. Malik
{"title":"Seasonal Variations in Length-Weight Relationship of Oreochromis niloticus in Keenjhar Lake, Sindh-Pakistan","authors":"A. Batool, S. Farooq, A. A. Muhammad, A. Malik","doi":"10.26692/Surj/2017.12.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/Surj/2017.12.59","url":null,"abstract":"The Keenjhar Lake, which is one of the most important fresh water reservoir in Sindh, accommodates the wild populations of exotic species O. niloticus. This study is an attempt to provide information about the seasonal variations in the growth of O. niloticus. The length-weight relationship of 484 individuals were examined during this one year study. Overall the mean length of fish ranged between 15- 28 cm and the weight between 98-472 g. Seasonal variation in the growth of O. niloticus was observed as small sized fishes were abundant during summer months.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"793-796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75175767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Hybrid Genetic Firefly Algorithm for Global Optimization Problems 全局优化问题的混合遗传萤火虫算法
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.79
Muhammad Asim, W. K. Mashwani, Muhammad Asif Jan
{"title":"Hybrid Genetic Firefly Algorithm for Global Optimization Problems","authors":"Muhammad Asim, W. K. Mashwani, Muhammad Asif Jan","doi":"10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.79","url":null,"abstract":"Global Optimization is an active area of research for the variety of optimization problems that are frequently arising in network design and operation, finance, supply chain management, scheduling, and many other areas. In the last few years, different types of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have been proposed for solving and analyzing the properties of diverse types of optimization problems. EAs work with a set of random solutions called population and find a set of optimal solutions for the problems at hand in a single simulation run opponent to traditional optimization methods. Among the stochastic based algorithms, genetic algorithm (GA) is one of the most popular and frequently used stochastic based meta-heuristic inspired by natural evolution. The premature convergence, genetic drift and trapping in the local basin attraction are their major drawbacks. These issues can be overcome by hybridizing GA with some efficient local search optimizers and different search operators. In this paper, we have proposed hybrid GA by employing the Firefly Algorithm (FA) as search operator aiming at to improve the searching ability of the baseline GA. The performance of the suggested hybrid genetic firefly algorithm (HGFA) is hereby evaluated by using 24 benchmark functions which was designed for the special session of the 2005 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'05). The numerical results provided by HGFA are summarized in the numerical form such as best, mean and standard deviation by executing 25 times independently with different random seeds to solve each test problem. The suggested HGFA have tackled most of the used test problems with good convergence speed as compared to the stand alone Genetic Algorithm.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"899-906"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80860290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
A Critical and Comparative Study of Adaptive Hypermedia Technologies 自适应超媒体技术的批判与比较研究
Sindh University Research Journal Pub Date : 2017-12-19 DOI: 10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.41
F. Baig
{"title":"A Critical and Comparative Study of Adaptive Hypermedia Technologies","authors":"F. Baig","doi":"10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SURJ/2017.12.41","url":null,"abstract":"Hypermedia systems give freedom of navigation to users but majority of these systems provide same view to all of them which cause lack of interest. Adaptive hypermedia technologies resolve this problem through personalisation. Adaptive hypermedia systems adapt to the users’ preferences and previous knowledge regarding one particular domain by maintaining user model. In this way, adaptation improves human computer interaction and leads users towards more relevant information. In this paper, the structure of adaptive hypermedia system (AHS) comprising of domain model, user model and adaptation model is described. Then types of user model and different methods and techniques used to implement adaptation mechanism are critically and comparatively discussed. Some future prospects are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"689-692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81134852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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