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Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform最新文献

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The Council of Trent 特伦特会议
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.06685
Bryan Cussen
{"title":"The Council of Trent","authors":"Bryan Cussen","doi":"10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.06685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.06685","url":null,"abstract":"From the late 1530s, Paul III quietly moved away from reform. Nevertheless, as a matter of honour, he continued to pursue his long-standing commitment to hold a General Council. But the pope’s priorities for it were limited to the achievement of peace between Christian princes, unity in the Church and defeat of the infidel. Despite many obstacles, Paul managed finally to convene the Council at Trent in 1545. The first years of the Council had minimal success in achieving its goals and little impact on reform which Paul largely contained. However, both Paul and the Council did sow the seeds of episcopal residence in single dioceses, a reform that would eventually become a core part of the Counter-Reformation.","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126448665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
1. Humanism and Honour in the Making of Alessandro Farnese 1. 亚历山德罗·法尔内塞塑造中的人文主义与荣誉
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.8
Bryan Cussen
{"title":"1. Humanism and Honour in the Making of Alessandro Farnese","authors":"Bryan Cussen","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.8","url":null,"abstract":"Born into a noble family on the rise in Roman society, Alessandro Farnese’s\u0000 development was framed by cultural expectations in humanism and in\u0000 the code of honour. Humanism provided the script and the classical skills\u0000 for elite males to perform on the social stage of Rome, a ‘theatre society’.\u0000 Honour, the foundation of social worth, was the prize that performance\u0000 continually sought. The pervasive yet contested nature of honour is illustrated\u0000 in texts that unfold an episode between the young Cardinal\u0000 Farnese, Pope Alexander VI and his mistress, Giulia Farnese, the cardinal’s\u0000 sister. The episode shows how Alessandro Farnese understood honour and\u0000 how it became a touchstone throughout his years as cardinal and pope.","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131954882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
List of Abbreviations 缩略语一览表
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.4
{"title":"List of Abbreviations","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128111153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pax et Concordia – Politics and Reform 和平与和谐:政治与改革
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.12
Bryan Cussen
{"title":"Pax et Concordia – Politics and Reform","authors":"Bryan Cussen","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.12","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges to peace and concord throughout Christendom weighed\u0000 heavily on Paul III throughout his reign and limited his focus on reform.\u0000 The texts of curial sermons, once again, reveal how the pursuit of Pax\u0000 et Concordia was viewed culturally as integral to the papal role and its\u0000 honour. The conflict of 1535-1538 between the Holy Roman Emperor and\u0000 the French King and a text of Pope Paul reflecting on those events illustrate\u0000 how sorely tested Paul felt. A 1536 speech of the Emperor, Charles V, also\u0000 indicates the depth of enmity between him and Francis I. This enmity\u0000 was an ongoing obstacle to a Council and to reform.","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134214645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Consilium and Reform Constrained 统合与改革的制约
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.11
Bryan Cussen
{"title":"The Consilium and Reform Constrained","authors":"Bryan Cussen","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.11","url":null,"abstract":"In 1535, Paul III set up a reform Commission composed of outstanding Churchmen and tasked them with producing a comprehensive reform program. Their program, the Consilium de emendanda ecclesia, was long on condemnatory rhetoric but, grounded in tradition, short on practical steps forward. It lacked engagement of cultural issues, especially those which promoted enhancement of Church and family honour through the accrual of benefices. Indeed, acting on the Consilium would have dismantled pathways to honour and created social unrest in a fragile period when Rome was under external threat. While Paul brought in other prelates to work with the Commissioners, overall no viable ways forward emerged.","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115195794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Index 指数
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.17
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115042942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pathways to Honour 通往荣誉之路
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.9
Bryan Cussen
{"title":"Pathways to Honour","authors":"Bryan Cussen","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.9","url":null,"abstract":"In his pursuit of honour, Alessandro Farnese prioritised his family. His strategies included securing Church offices, advantageous marriages, and Italian territories for his children and grandchildren. As he rose towards the papacy, Farnese was also influenced by the curial culture in which humanist concepts of the papal role intersected with the code of honour. These concepts, evident in court sermons, reflected a curial script that impelled the pope to project himself as the leading man in the coming of a new Imperium and the dawn of a Golden Age. As pope, Farnese wove this narrative through the magnificent display of festivals, art, and architecture. His pursuit of reform needs to be considered against the backdrop of this narrative.","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123747327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tradition and Reform 传统与改革
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.10
Bryan Cussen
{"title":"Tradition and Reform","authors":"Bryan Cussen","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.10","url":null,"abstract":"Tradition has been a central formative principle of the Church from its\u0000 earliest years, continually orienting its theology, structure, and discipline\u0000 to preservation of the past. Humanism gilded that orientation with its\u0000 attachment to the classical world. The humanist preachers of Paul III’s\u0000 time framed the papal role in reform in terms of tradition. As a cardinal,\u0000 Alessandro Farnese played a minimal role in reform but, as pope, papal\u0000 honour moved him to commit to reform and the calling of a Council. His\u0000 understandings of reform and those of the eminent men he called to Rome\u0000 to frame a comprehensive reform program were guided by tradition and\u0000 the maintenance of papal honour.","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126622139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Ottoman Threat 奥斯曼帝国的威胁
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.13
Bryan Cussen
{"title":"The Ottoman Threat","authors":"Bryan Cussen","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.13","url":null,"abstract":"Discord between the princes heightened the sense of threat to Italy by the Ottomans. Accordingly, Paul III increased his efforts to broker peace between Charles and Francis. In 1538 he was finally successful when he brought the two monarchs together in Nice where they agreed on a ten-year truce. At the same time, the Ottoman advance towards Italy continued and Paul needed to spend more and more on defensive strategies. The most effective way of increasing income for troops and defences was the sale of Church offices. Thus the reform proposals, if accepted, would have undermined the pope’s entire effort for peace and concord and hence they gained no traction with Paul or other key actors.","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117022950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Back Matter 回到问题
Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.18
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12sdvmm.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":218057,"journal":{"name":"Pope Paul III and the Cultural Politics of Reform","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134080945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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