{"title":"Digital libraries meet electronic commerce: on-screen intellectual property","authors":"M. Lesk","doi":"10.1109/ADL.1996.502516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ADL.1996.502516","url":null,"abstract":"Publishers wishing to distribute text online fear that customers will download their product and redistribute it illegally. Although constraining the users to access the data only through proprietary software that does not allow downloading helps, it still leaves the possibility that users could take screen dumps of the material to capture it. The technique described in the paper relies on the perceptual properties of the human eye, using two unreadable images interleaved quickly to create a readable image, which cannot be screen-dumped since the readability depends on averaging in the human eye. Our program flickers two images of the text each with an admixture of grey noise. Your eye sorts out the letters and reads them, not paying close attention to the grey background; but any screen dump captures the item at one instant including the noise. The text is also scrolled up and down slowly, which again your eye can track, but which would frustrate a program trying to average out the flickering.","PeriodicalId":217587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third Forum on Research and Technology Advances in Digital Libraries,","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125146884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David M. Choy, C. Dwork, J. Lotspiech, Laura C. Anderson, Stephen K. Boyer, Richard Dievendorff, Thomas D. Griffin, Bruce A. Hoenig, M. J. Jackson, W. Kaka, James M. McCrossin, Alex M. Miller, R. Morris, Norman J. Pass
{"title":"A digital library system for periodicals distribution","authors":"David M. Choy, C. Dwork, J. Lotspiech, Laura C. Anderson, Stephen K. Boyer, Richard Dievendorff, Thomas D. Griffin, Bruce A. Hoenig, M. J. Jackson, W. Kaka, James M. McCrossin, Alex M. Miller, R. Morris, Norman J. Pass","doi":"10.1109/ADL.1996.502520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ADL.1996.502520","url":null,"abstract":"As part of IBM's Digital Library Initiative, IBM's Almaden Research Center has teamed with the Institute for Scientific Information in a joint project to deliver on-line access to the bibliographic information and abstracts from the scientific journal articles indexed in Current Contents/Life Sciences as well as articles offered by the respective publishers. This requires both adaptation of existing technologies and development of new capabilities, especially regarding copyright protection. Since the Fall of 1995, a pilot system has been installed at four universities, two corporate libraries, and a major public research library, beginning a study that involves many publishers, libraries, and users to test the system and to experiment with new economic models. This article describes some requirements we identified for this system, and the solutions we have devised for these requirements.","PeriodicalId":217587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third Forum on Research and Technology Advances in Digital Libraries,","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128347204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GeoChange: an experiment in wide-area database services for geographic information exchange","authors":"P. Drew, Jerry Ying","doi":"10.1109/ADL.1996.502512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ADL.1996.502512","url":null,"abstract":"The GeoChange project is investigating a distributed database management architecture and services to facilitate the perusal, selection, and retrieval of multiple, third-party geographic information sources (GIS) across wide area networks, such as the Internet. The system uses a quasi-dynamic approach to information exchange which combines loose coupling of the source systems with distributed database management support services to improve the speed and reliability of retrieval. Application developers can use the system for ad-hoc merging of information from diverse GIS sources. Filters and integrity constraints managed as metadata bring further efficiency to the information exchange process. This paper is an introduction to the GeoChange system architecture and its operation. A protoype implementation using real geographic databases provided by the Hong Kong GIS community is near completion.","PeriodicalId":217587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third Forum on Research and Technology Advances in Digital Libraries,","volume":"43 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116729921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data compression using encrypted text","authors":"R. Franceschini, A. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/ADL.1996.502523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ADL.1996.502523","url":null,"abstract":"We present an algorithm for text compression. The basic idea of our algorithm is to define a unique encryption or signature of each word in the dictionary by replacing certain characters in the words by a special character \"*\" and retaining a few characters so that the word is still retrievable. For any encrypted text the most frequently used character is \"*\" and the standard compression algorithms can exploit this redundancy in an effective way. We advocate the following compression paradigm: given a compression algorithm A and a text T, we apply the same algorithm A on an encrypted text *T and retrieve the original text via a dictionary which maps the decompressed text *T to the original text T. We report better results for most widely used compression algorithms such as Huffman, LZW, arithmetic, unix compress, gnu-zip with respect to a text corpus. The compression rates using these algorithms are much better than the dictionary based methods reported in the literature. One basic assumption of our algorithm is that the system has access to a dictionary of words used in all the texts along with a corresponding \"cryptic\" dictionary. The cost of this dictionary is amortized over the compression savings for all the text files handled by the organization. If two organizations wish to exchange information using our compression algorithm, they must share a common dictionary. We compare our methods with other dictionary based methods and present future research problems.","PeriodicalId":217587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third Forum on Research and Technology Advances in Digital Libraries,","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131014477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}