{"title":"The joint accumulation model of arthritis","authors":"Peter A. Nigrovic","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most inflammatory arthritides are systemic diseases. In an individual patient, however, disease flares are more common in joints affected previously, a phenomenon termed joint-specific memory. A key driver of localized recurrence is the accumulation of CD8+ T resident memory (T<sub>RM</sub>) cells in inflamed synovial tissues. These cells remain during remission and initiate recurrent disease when activated by arthritogenic antigens. The joint accumulation model is a paradigm that recognizes the contribution of local as well as systemic immune mechanisms to arthritis chronicity, highlighting new targets for disease intervention, including but not limited to T<sub>RM</sub> cells. The joint accumulation model underscores the importance of preventing extension of arthritis to new joints, even in established disease, translating into a rolling window of opportunity for optimal long-term arthritis management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152685"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dorcas Beaton , Maarten Boers , Clifton O Bingham , Lara J Maxwell , Philip G Conaghan , Shawna Grosskleg , Catherine Hofstetter , Beverley J Shea , Lee Simon , Peter Tugwell , George A Wells
{"title":"Summary of findings tables for measurement property reviews: The evolution and application of OMERACT's summary of measurement properties (SOMP) Table.","authors":"Dorcas Beaton , Maarten Boers , Clifton O Bingham , Lara J Maxwell , Philip G Conaghan , Shawna Grosskleg , Catherine Hofstetter , Beverley J Shea , Lee Simon , Peter Tugwell , George A Wells","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Literature reviews of measurement properties of an outcome measurement instrument are fast becoming the evidence base for making decisions about the suitability of the instrument for a given application. In our case at OMERACT it is the fitness of an instrument for inclusion in a Core Outcome Set. Transparency in the processes and decision making at each step are important to allow consumers of the literature review to have a clear understanding of the decision-making process. We used an iterative process between methodologists and users to develop a summary of measurement properties table (SOMP) as a knowledge translation tool to communicate what was done, what was found, and what recommendations can be made from it. This, in turn, would provide a readily accessible, summary of findings for those who may need this information to make informed decisions about the adequacy of evidence concerning a measurement instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Working with key collaborators and end users, including patients, clinical trialists, clinicians, and methodologists across several disease areas, the information that is needed to be included in a SOMP was determined, and initial designs laid out. Users provided feedback and revisions, which were integrated while ensuring the core elements were also being communicated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Several features emerged for inclusion in the SOMP: the background context for the review, all the evidence that went into the review, what was done in the review process, and the decision made based on the review. The SOMP was designed to capture this in a single document. Working group feedback helped to improve overall understandability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The SOMP was designed to capture the body of evidence available on the measurement properties for a given instrument, and the processes used to come to a decision about its fit with the intended application. In our case whether it was of good enough quality for use in a Core Outcome Set to represent the domain of interest. The SOMP's iterative development within a multidisciplinary consensus-based organization has helped us develop a tool useful in transparent communication about methods and decision-making made in a given review.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152664"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antigen-specific immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases","authors":"David C. Wraith","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current therapies for autoimmune diseases do not address the underlying cause of disease, the failure of immune tolerance to self. The non-specific therapies currently used to treat autoimmune diseases increase the risk of infections and cancers. Antigen-specific therapies target pathogenic autoreactive lymphocytes while preserving protective immune responses. This short synthesis will review our laboratory's work on the design and development of antigen-specific immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152682"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification criteria of joint activity using joint index vector for patients with rheumatoid arthritis: An evaluation and verification","authors":"Ichiro Yoshii , Susumu Nishiyama , Naoya Sawada , Tatsumi Chijiwa","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We developed an activity classification of the joint index vector (JIV) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using monitoring data of RA cases at our institute. We verified its validity using an external big dataset (BD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>JIV is a novel joint involvement evaluation method that presents three-axis coordinates. We have set JIV classification criteria to determine a cut-off index (COI) of the combined vector on the x-y axis (Vxy). The z-axis (Vz) in the JIV was determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis (ROC) in referring to the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) disease activity threshold and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) remission criteria. The criteria of JIV were evaluated in relation to indicators such as the CDAI and HAQ-DI. After determining the criteria, the validity was verified by referring to the simplified disease activity index (SDAI) classification and the HAQ score in BD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 617 patients were studied. These were defined as 0.1>Vxy as remission (REM), 0.45>Vxy≥0.1 and 0.125≥Vz as low joint activity (LJA), 1.0>Vxy≥0.45 or 0.45>Vxy and Vz>0.125 as moderate joint activity (MJA), and Vxy≥1.0 was defined as high joint activity (HJA). The external big dataset consists of 11,013 RA patients. Vxy and the SDAI score correlated significantly <em>(p</em> < 0.0001). Mean values of SDAI and HAQ-DI increase stepwise as the criteria upgrade. It has been suggested that JIV may be able to pick up patients at risk of being missed by SDAI when large joints are involved.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>JIV has been assessed and verified for its appropriateness, unbiased evaluation of the joints, and advantages in covering an unmet need in SDAI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152659"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vanessa L. Kronzer , Katrina A. Williamson , Andrew C. Hanson , Jennifer A. Sletten , Jeffrey A. Sparks , John M. Davis III , Cynthia S. Crowson
{"title":"Quantifying and improving rheumatoid arthritis algorithm performance in biobank settings","authors":"Vanessa L. Kronzer , Katrina A. Williamson , Andrew C. Hanson , Jennifer A. Sletten , Jeffrey A. Sparks , John M. Davis III , Cynthia S. Crowson","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To quantify and improve the performance of standard rheumatoid arthritis (RA) algorithms in a biobank setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study within the Mayo Clinic (MC) Biobank and MC Tapestry Study identified RA cases by presence of at least two RA codes OR positive anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (CCP) plus disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) prescription as of 7/18/2022. Rheumatology physicians manually verified all RA cases using RA criteria and/or rheumatology physician diagnosis plus DMARD use. All other biobank participants served as non-RA controls. We defined seropositivity as rheumatoid factor and/or anti-CCP positivity. We assessed rules-based and Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) RA algorithms using positive predictive value (PPV). Finally, we developed a novel RA algorithm using a LASSO-based machine learning approach with five-fold cross validation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 1,316 confirmed RA cases (968 MC Biobank, 348 Tapestry, 70 % seropositive) and 82,123 non-RA controls (mean age 65, 61 % female). The PPV of 3 RA codes was 43 %, codes plus DMARD was 54 %, and codes plus DMARD plus seropositivity was 85 %. The PPV of eMERGE was 77 %. Available in the MC Biobank, self-reported RA (PPV 10 %) only minimally improved algorithm performance (PPV from 83 % to 85 %), whereas family history of RA (PPV 3 %) worsened performance. At 90 % PPV, the novel RA algorithm incorporating key variables such as anti-CCP and DMARD use increased sensitivity by 4–11 % compared to eMERGE.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Rules-based and eMERGE RA algorithms had worse performance in biobank than administrative settings. Our novel RA algorithm outperformed these standard algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152668"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The prognostic power of anti-topoisomerase I and anti-centromere antibodies in systemic sclerosis - A systematic review of the literature","authors":"E.M. Hoekstra , S.I.E. Liem , M. Boonstra , C.M. Fehres , J.W. Schoones , T.W.J. Huizinga , J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anti-topoisomerase I antibodies (ATA) and anti-centromere antibodies (ACA) are the most prevalent systemic sclerosis (SSc) specific antibodies and are associated with distinct clinical phenotypes. This study reviews the prognostic potential of these autoantibodies for disease specific complications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Literature searches of PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were performed to identify longitudinal SSc-studies, reporting on the prognostic value of ATA and ACA for any aspect of survival or disease complications. After full text review, studies with <30 events of interest, <30 ACA positive and/or ATA positive patients, and with a moderate to high risk of bias (according to the QUIPS risk of bias tool) were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 872 retrieved articles, 43 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The included studies showed great heterogeneity in baseline characteristics and study design: mean baseline disease duration varied from 1 to 12 years and follow-up duration ranged from 1 to 18.1 years. One of the 21 studies found that ATA has prognostic value for mortality. Five of the nineteen available studies observed higher survival rates for ACA positive patients. Future development of ILD was associated with ATA in four of the seven studies, whereas ACA was associated with lower risk of ILD development in three out of four studies. For other disease outcomes, data are scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, there is little sound evidence to support an independent prognostic value of ATA and ACA for mortality in SSc. ATA is associated with future ILD development, while ACA decreases the risk of ILD development. To determine the possible role of ATA and/or ACA as biomarkers for every day clinical management and trial enrichment, future studies are warranted in well described cohorts in early SSc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152667"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lara S. Chapman , Caroline A. Flurey , Pamela Richards , Anthony C. Redmond , Eiman Soliman , Abdelhfeez Moshrif , Lucy Malone , Christopher Joyce , John B. Arnold , Yvonne M. Golightly , Catherine Hofstetter , Philip S. Helliwell , Hylton B. Menz , Marian T. Hannan , Md Nazibur Rahman , Beverley J. Shea , Toby O. Smith , Heidi J. Siddle
{"title":"What outcomes are important to people with foot and ankle disorders in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases? An OMERACT qualitative interview study across four continents","authors":"Lara S. Chapman , Caroline A. Flurey , Pamela Richards , Anthony C. Redmond , Eiman Soliman , Abdelhfeez Moshrif , Lucy Malone , Christopher Joyce , John B. Arnold , Yvonne M. Golightly , Catherine Hofstetter , Philip S. Helliwell , Hylton B. Menz , Marian T. Hannan , Md Nazibur Rahman , Beverley J. Shea , Toby O. Smith , Heidi J. Siddle","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The foot and ankle are frequently affected in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs), yet there is a lack of high-quality evidence to determine the effectiveness of treatments. Outcomes in research are often inconsistently measured, impeding evidence synthesis. Additionally, clinical decisions are based on research outcomes, but these are not always regarded as important by people with RMDs. This study aimed to determine domains of importance to people with RMDs who have experienced foot and ankle disorders, and aid in developing a standardised core outcome set (COS) to address these issues.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants from four continents (Europe, Africa, Australia, North America) were recruited to semi-structured interviews through clinical departments and electronic mailing lists. Analysis was conducted using a mixed deductive/inductive approach to the framework method. Patient research partners co-produced the interview schedule and recruitment materials, and co-interpreted results.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-six participants (age range 27 to 76 years; 66 % female), with foot and ankle disorders in a variety of RMDs (including inflammatory arthritis, osteoarthritis, crystal arthropathies, connective tissue diseases), were interviewed. Sixteen domains were described by participants: pain, physical function, fatigue, deformity, skin and nail health, swelling, temperature, numbness, poor circulation, cramping, activities/participation, footwear impact, psychological impact, sleep, healthcare utilisation and personal expenses. Most domains were considered important to participants regardless of RMD or geographic location.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Foot and ankle disorders have far-reaching consequences for people with RMDs. This large qualitative study provides a foundation for achieving international consensus on a core outcome set for foot and ankle disorders in RMDs, to improve the quality of evidence demonstrating effectiveness of treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lizhi Chen , Lu Zhang , Baojing Liu , Xiaohong Liu , Zhijun Huang , Kejing Tang , Pan Chen , Xiaoyun Jiang
{"title":"Exposure-response relationship of mycophenolic acid in pediatric lupus nephritis patients receiving multi-target therapy: An observational cohort study","authors":"Lizhi Chen , Lu Zhang , Baojing Liu , Xiaohong Liu , Zhijun Huang , Kejing Tang , Pan Chen , Xiaoyun Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To establish the effectiveness threshold of mycophenolic acid-area under the concentration-time curve between 0 h and 12 h (MPA-AUC<sub>0–12</sub> <sub>h</sub>) in pediatric lupus nephritis (LN) patients receiving multi-target therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This observational cohort study enrolled 48 pediatric LN patients treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), tacrolimus, and prednisone. MPA-AUC<sub>0–12</sub> <sub>h</sub> was calculated using concentrations based on a limited sampling strategy. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate factors influencing efficacy. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted to assess MPA-AUC<sub>0–12</sub> <sub>h</sub> threshold values. The cumulative incidence of renal remission and inactive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) over time was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The <em>t</em>-test or Mann-Whitney test was utilized for comparisons between two groups of continuous variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>To achieve renal remission, the MPA-AUC<sub>0–12</sub> <sub>h</sub> threshold at 6 months was determined to be 25.24 μg·h·mL⁻¹, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.83 (<em>P</em> = 0.0002). At 12 months, the MPA-AUC threshold decreased to 23.52 μg·h·mL⁻¹, yielding an AUC of 0.89 (<em>P</em> < 0.0001). For inactive SLE, the MPA-AUC<sub>0–12</sub> <sub>h</sub> threshold at 6 months was found to be 31.16 μg·h·mL⁻¹, with an AUC of 0.80 (<em>P</em> = 0.0004), while at 12 months it decreased slightly to 28.87 μg·h·mL⁻¹, resulting in an AUC of 0.82 (<em>P</em> = 0.0012). Patients who reached target thresholds for MPA-AUC<sub>0–12</sub> <sub>h</sub> achieved renal response or inactive SLE more rapidly.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is a significant correlation between MPA-AUC<sub>0–12</sub> <sub>h</sub> and treatment response in pediatric LN patients receiving multi-target therapy; therefore, it is recommended that MMF dosing be adjusted according to individual MPA-AUC<sub>0–12</sub> <sub>h</sub> levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152674"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulation of T peripheral helper and T follicular helper cells in lupus","authors":"Deepak A. Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21715,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 152675"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}